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Anolis riparius CHAVES, RYAN, BOLAÑOS, MÁRQUEZ, KÖHLER & POE, 2023

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAnolis riparius CHAVES, RYAN, BOLAÑOS, MÁRQUEZ, KÖHLER & POE 2023 
DistributionCosta Rica (San José)

Type locality: Pacuarito river, Pacuarito 10 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón, 9.31390 N, -83.77220 W, 880 masl, San José Province, Costa Rica  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. UCR 5579 (Fig 6) collected on 7 September 2009 by Douglas Robinson and his students; an adult male.
Paratypes (all from Costa Rica: San José Province). Adult males: SMF 82183–82184 (collected 9 October 2002 by Axel Fläschendräger) from road between Platanillo and San Isidro, 9.31056 N; -83.77500 W, ca. 850 masl; SMF 92428 (collected 15 February 2010 by Gunther Köhler) from 1 km N Cedral 9.35789 N, -83.56094 W, 1425 masl; UCR 7893 (collected 24 August 1979 by Douglas Robinson) from I.85 Km NE Alfombra, 9.3167 N, -83.7722 W, ca. 930 masl; MCZ-R 18171 (collected 15 December 2007 by Steve Poe and Mason J. Ryan) from Alfombra, 12 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón (9.31670 N, -83.77220 W, 930 masl); MSB 95201 (collected on 10 January 2009 by Mason J Ryan and Ian Latella) from Alfombra, 12 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón (9.31670 N, -83.77220 W, 930 masl). Adult females: SMF 82185–82186 (collected 9 October 2002 by Axel Fläschendräger) from road between Platanillo and San Isidro (ca. 850 masl); SMF 83093–83094 (collected 9 October 2002 by Axel Fläschendräger) from near Platanillo (ca. 850 masl); SMF 92429 (collected 15 February 2010 by Gunther Köhler) from 1 km N Cedral (9.35789 N, -83,56094 W, 1425 masl); UCR 5580 (same data of the holotype); UCR 15959 (collected 3 March 2001 by Mason J Ryan) from Mollejones (9.22930 N, -83.64200 W, 800 masl); UCR 16162 (collected 2 July 2001 by Mason J Ryan) from Alfombra, 12 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón (9.31670 N, -83.77220 W, 930 masl); MCZ R-186143 (collected 15 December 2007 by Steve Poe and Mason J Ryan) from Alfombra, 12 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón (9.31670 N, -83.77220 W, 930 masl); MSB 95200 (collected 15 December 2007 by Steve Poe and Mason J Ryan) from Alfombra, 12 Km S-SW of Pérez Zeledón (9.31670 N, -83.77220 W, 930 masl); UCR 16638 (collected 15 March 2002 by Franklin Aguilar) from Fila Piedras Blancas area (9.50130 N, -83.91280 W, 900 masl) in the Zona Protectora Los Santos in the Río Savegre basin. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. Anolis riparius sp. nov. and A. aquaticus are the only semiaquatic Middle American anoles that have a large orange-red dewlap with yellow in males (Fig. 6B). Anolis riparius sp. nov. differs from A. aquaticus in possessing smaller dorsal scales of the head and body (e.g., 15–19 scales across the snout between the second canthals in A. riparius sp. nov. versus 7–14 in A. aquaticus, Fig. 5B), and is phylogenetically distinct (see below). Anolis riparius sp. nov. is distinguished from the other Middle American semiaquatic anoles as follows: from A. robinsoni sp. nov. by male dewlap color (chocolate brown with ill-defined brick red horizontal stripes in A. robinsoni sp. nov.); from A. lionotus and A. poecilopus by male dewlap color (solid yellow-orange in A. lionotus and A. poecilopus), lack of postcloacal scales in males (usually present in A. lionotus and A. poecilopus), and possession of zero to three enlarged rows of middorsal scales (a broadband of 10–24 enlarged middorsal scale rows in A. poecilopus and A. lionotus); from A. barkeri by smaller size (maximum SVL 73 mm in A. riparius sp. nov., 91 mm in A. barkeri), presence of distinctly expanded toe pads (ratio width of expanded pads / width of distal phalanx 1.8–2.2 in A. riparius sp. nov. versus 1.4–1.6 in A. barkeri), and presence of a single row of middorsal caudal scales (double row in A. barkeri). (Chaves et al. 2023)


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Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Latin (riparius = of stream banks), referring to the riparian habitat of this species. 
References
  • CHAVES, G., RYAN, M. J., BOLAÑOS, F., MÁRQUEZ, C., KÖHLER, G., & POE, S. 2023. Two new species of semiaquatic Anolis (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5319 (2): 249-262 - get paper here
 
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