Anolis cyanostictus MERTENS, 1939
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Anolis cyanostictus
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| Higher Taxa | Anolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Santo Domingo Green Anole |
| Synonym | Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus MERTENS 1939: 64 Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1930 (in part.) Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1935 (in part.) Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1937 (in part.) Anolis chloro-cyanus — COCHRAN 1941 (in part.). Anolis chlorocyanus — WILLIAMS 1965 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus — SCHWARTZ & THOMAS 1975 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — SCHWARTZ 1980 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988 Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991 Anolis chlorocyanus — POWELL et al. 1996 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus — RAMOS & POWELL 2001 Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus — HENDERSON & POWELL 2009 Anolis cyanostictus — KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 60 Deiroptyx cyanosticta — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 |
| Distribution | Dominican Republic (Santo Domingo and nearby towns), elevation 0-100 m Type locality: “Zwischen Fortaleza und der Mündung des Rio Jaina”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: SMF 26290 |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A moderate-sized to moderately large species of Anolis that differs from all other Hispaniolan congeners except a species described below (i.e., our Species D of this species complex) by the combination of having (1) predominantly green overall coloration in life (capable of rapid color change to brown); (2) no white subocular stripe and no white streak onto lateral neck (3) relatively short hind legs (fourth toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to ear opening or only slightly beyond ear opening); (4) the ventral scales at midbody weakly keeled; (5) 39–47 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; (6) male dewlap with large and irregularly arranged gorgetals, especially on posterior portion of dewlap. Among the Anolis species treated in this contribution, A. cyanostictus is most similar to A. cholorcyanus, A. peynadoi, and a species described below (i.e., our Species D of this complex). Anolis cyanostictus differs from A. chlorocyanus and A. peynadoi by (1) the absence of suffusion of black pigment on posterior portion of the male dewlap (vs. the posterior portion of the male dewlap heavily suffused with black in A. chlorocyanus and A. peynadoi); and (2) by having pale brown blotches above and anterior to shoulder as well as immediately posterior to eye (vs. such blotches absent in A. chlorocyanus and A. peynadoi); and (3) weakly keeled ventrals at midventer (vs. smooth in A. chlorocyanus and A. peynadoi). Anolis cyanostictus differs from the species related to A. coelestinus by having (1) a bicolored dewlap with a darker posterior portion and with regularly spaced more or less homogeneous gorgetal scales (vs. dewlap yellowish green or brown in life dewlap with longitudinal or oblique double rows of gorgetal scales); (2) 13–30, usually <28 loreal scales in a maximum of 3–5 rows (vs. 18–60, usually >28 loreal scales in a maximum of 3–7 rows); and (3) a brown to reddish brown iris in life (vs. a blue iris). Anolis cyanostictus differs from the species related to A. aliniger and A. singularis by (1) having a longer tail with a ratio tail length / SVL >1.7, usually >2.0 (vs. <1.7); (2) a distinct white subocular stripe that continues as a white streak onto lateral neck (vs. no such stripe and streak); (3) usually >38 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; and (4) no conspicuously dark colored distal portion of tail in front of pale colored tail tip (vs. such a tail color pattern present, most obvious in life). For differences between A. cyanostictus and the species described below, see account of the new species [KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 60]. |
| Comment | Conservation. We do not have evidence that the species is threatened or declining within its range. However, given the small range size and the fact that it occurs in a populated area suggests that it may be threated by encroaching urban areas. For this reason, KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016 consider the conservation status of Anolis cyanostictus to be Near Threatened based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012). |
| Etymology | Named after Greek kyanos, "deep blue", and sticto, "spotted", refer to the uniform bright blue to greenish-blue dorsal spotting in adult males. |
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