Anolis demissus SCHWARTZ, 1969
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Higher Taxa | Anolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
Subspecies | |
Common Names | E: Île Grande Cayemite green anole |
Synonym | Anolis coelestinus demissus SCHWARTZ 1969: 35 Anolis coelestinus — WILLIAMS 1965 (in part.) Anolis coelestinus demissus — SCHWARTZ & THOMAS 1975 Anolis coelestinus demissus — SCHWARTZ 1980 (in part.) Anolis coelestinus demissus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988 Anolis coelestinus demissus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991 Anolis coelestinus — POWELL et al. 1996 (in part.) Anolis coelestinus demissus — RAMOS & POWELL 2001b Anolis coelestinus demissus — HENDERSON & POWELL 2009 Deiroptyx coelestina demissa — NICHOLSON et al. 2012 Anolis demissus — KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 24 Deiroptyx demissa — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 |
Distribution | Île Grande Cayemite (Haiti) Type locality: “vicinity of Pointe Sable, Ile Grande Cayemite, Haiti” |
Reproduction | Garcia et al. (1994) documented hybridization between A. chlorocyanus and A. coelestinus. |
Types | Holotype: MCZ 92049 |
Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A moderate-sized to moderately large species of Anolis that differs from all other Hispaniolan congeners except A. coelestinus and A. pecuarius and two species described below by the combination of having (1) predominantly green overall coloration in life (capable of rapid color change to brown); (2) white subocular stripe that continues as a white streak onto lateral neck usually absent (3) hind legs relatively short (fourth toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to ear opening or only slightly beyond ear opening); (4) ventral scales at midbody usually faintly to distinctly keeled; (5) 39–47 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; (6) male dewlap yellowish green or brown (after metachrosis) in life with longitudinal or oblique double rows of gorgetal scales; (7) ratio tail length / SVL >1.7, usually >2.0. Among the Anolis species treated here, A. demissus is most similar to A. coelestinus, A. pecuarius, and two species described below. Anolis demissus differs from A. coelestinus by (1) usually not having a white subocular stripe and white streak above shoulder (vs. such a pattern usually present in A. coelestinus); (2) a dark gray to greenish gray male dewlap in life (vs. some shade of green in A. coelestinus); and (3) by lacking any pattern on flanks (vs. usually a pattern of pale green vertical bars or blotches present in A. coelestinus); (4) 5 supracaudals per caudal segment throughout all discernable segments (vs. 4 supracaudals per caudal segment, either throughout all discernable segments or having the reduction from 5 to 4 supracaudals per segment before the 5th segment); (3) usually smooth ventral scales (vs. usually weakly to distinctly keeled). Anolis demissus further differs from A. pecuarius by having a dark gray to greenish gray male dewlap in life (vs. yellowish green to yellowish brown in A. pecuarius). Anolis demissus differs from A. chlorocyanus, A. cyanostictus, and A. peynadoi by having (1) a yellowish green or brown (after metachrosis) in life dewlap with longitudinal or oblique double rows of gorgetal scales (vs. dewlap bicolored with a darker posterior portion and with regularly spaced more or less homogeneous gorgetal scales); (2) and a blue iris in life (vs. brown to reddish brown). Anolis demissus differs further from A. cyanostictus (1) by having a distinct white subocular stripe that continues as a white streak onto lateral neck (vs. no such stripe and streak in A. cyanostictus) and (2) by the lack of pale brown blotches above and anterior to shoulder as well as immediately posterior to eye (vs. such blotches present in A. cyanostictus). Anolis demissus differs from A. aliniger and A. singularis by (1) having a longer tail with a ratio tail length / SVL >1.7, usually >2.0 (vs. <1.7); (2) a distinct white subocular stripe that continues as a white streak onto lateral neck (vs. no such stripe and streak); (3) usually >38 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; and (4) no conspicuously dark colored distal portion of tail in front of pale colored tail tip (vs. such a tail color pattern present, most obvious in life). For differences between A. demissus and the species described below, see the respective accounts of the new species [KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 24]. |
Comment | Synonymy: mostly after KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 18. Conservation: Critically Endangered based on criterion B1ab(iii) of the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 27). Distribution: see map in KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 22 (Fig. 10). Species group: Deiroptyx chlorocyana species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012). Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). |
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