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Anolis homolechis (COPE, 1864)

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesAnolis homolechis homolechis (COPE 1864)
Anolis homolechis turquinensis GARRIDO 1973 
Common NamesE: Habana Anole, Cuban White-fanned Anole 
SynonymXiphosurus homolechis COPE 1864:169
Anolis muelleri AHL 1924: 247
Anolis calliurus AHL 1924: 249
Anolis cubanus AHL 1925: 87
Anolis homolechis — BOULENGER 1885: 28
Anolis patricius BARBOUR 1929: 37
Anolis homolechis — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 276
Anolis homolechis — RODRÍGUEZ SCHETTINO 1999: 332
Norops homolechis — NICHOLSON 2002
Norops homolechis — NICHOLSON et al. 2018

Anolis homolechis homolechis (COPE 1864)
Anolis homolechis homolechis — SCHWARTZ & OGREN 1956
Anolis homolechis homolechis — FLASCHENDRÄGER 2002
Anolis homolechis homolechis — GEIßLER 2005
Norops homolechis homolechis — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Norops homolechis homolechis — NICHOLSON et al. 2018

Anolis homolechis turquinensis GARRIDO, 1973
Norops homolechis turquinensis — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Norops homolechis turquinensis — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionCuba, Isla de la Juventud

homolechis: range as stated above with exception of that of following subspecies. Type locality: “West Indies”; restricted to La Habana, La Habana Province, Cuba, by Ruibal and Williams, 1961.

turquinensis: Sierra Maesta, above 4900 ft. Type locality: vicinity of Cardero, Pico Turquino, Oriente province, Cuba.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.5.78
Holotype: CZACC = IZ 2900 [turquinensis]
Holotype: MCZ 28759 [patricius] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1170 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: mostly after Schwartz 1968.

For illustrations see Boulenger, 1885; Barbour and Ramsden, 1919; Ruibal and Williams, 1961; Ruibal, 1964; Schwartz, 1968. Synonymy partly after RODRÍGUEZ SCHETTINO 1999.

Species group: Norops sagrei species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012). 
EtymologyUnclear. Probably named after the Greek homos (same, uniform, similar) + lekos(plate, dish, pan). Cope 1864: 169 only mentions that the “Scales of the front and muzzle [are] nearly equal” and “Scales of caudal crest equal” without further explanation. 
References
  • Ahl, E. 1924. Neue Reptilien und Batrachier aus dem zoologischen Museum Berlin. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 90 (A) 5: 246-254
  • Ahl, E. 1925. Neue Iguaniden aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin. Zool. Anz. 62: 85-88
  • Bakkegard, K. 2022. The amphibians and reptiles of Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba: An updated checklist and notes on conservation status and occurrence. Reptiles & Amphibians, 29(1), 446-460 - get paper here
  • Barbour, T. 1929. Another new Cuban Anolis. Proc. New England Zool. Club 11: 37
  • Barbour, T. and C. T. Ramsden. 1919. The herpetology of Cuba. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Coll. 47: 69-213. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1864. Contributions to the herpetology of tropical America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16: 166-181. - get paper here
  • Flaschendräger, A. 2002. Beobachtungen an Anolis-Arten in der Cordillera de Guaniguanico, Provinz Pinar del Río, West-Kuba. Herpetofauna 24 (138): 5-18 - get paper here
  • Fläschendräger, Axel 2017. Beobachtungen an einigen Anolis-Arten im westlichen Kuba. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (5): 52-63 - get paper here
  • Garrido, O.H. 1973. Distribución y variación de Anolis homolechis Cope (Lacertilia: Iguanidae) en Cuba. Poeyana (120):1-68.
  • Geißler, L. 2005. Exkursionen im Westen Kubas. Reptilia (Münster) 10 (56): 42-49 - get paper here
  • HARRISON, ALEXIS; STEVEN POE 2012. Evolution of an ornament, the dewlap, in females of the lizard genus Anolis. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 106: 191–201 - get paper here
  • Losos, J. B. 2009. Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree: Ecology and Adaptive Radiation of Anoles. Berkeley: University of California Press, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Losos, Jonathan B., Manuel Leal, Richard E. Glor, Kevin de Queiroz, Paul E. Hertz, Lourdes Rodríguez Schettino, Ada Chamizo Lara, Todd R. Jackman & Allan Larson 2003. Niche lability in the evolution of a Caribbean lizard community. Nature 424: 542-545 - get paper here
  • Muñoz, Martha M.; Johanna E. Wegener and Adam C. Algar 2014. Untangling Intra- and Interspecific Effects on Body Size Clines Reveals Divergent Processes Structuring Convergent Patterns in Anolis Lizards. The American Naturalist 184 (5), DOI: 10.1086/678084 - get paper here
  • Nicholson, K.E. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis and a test of the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta Anolis). Herpetological Monographs 16: 93-120 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2004. Phylogeny of anoles. Herpetological Monographs 18: 37-89 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes (ed.) 1999. The iguanid lizards of Cuba. University Press of Florida, 428 pp.
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes, Carlos A. Mancina & Vilma Rivalta González 2013. REPTILES OF CUBA: CHECKLIST AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (144): 1-96 - get paper here
  • Ruibal, R. 1961. Thermal relations of five species of tropical lizards. Evolution 15: 98-111. - get paper here
  • Ruibal, R. 1964. An annotated checklist and key to the anoline lizards of Cuba. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harvard 130 (8): 475-520. - get paper here
  • Ruibal, R. and E. E. Williams. 1961. The taxonomy of the Anolis homolechis complex of Cuba. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 125: 211-246. - get paper here
  • Ruibal, R.; Philibosian, R. 1970. Eurythermy and niche expansion in lizards. Copeia 1970 (4): 645-653 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. 1968. The Cuban lizards of the Anolis homolechis complex. Tulane Studies in Zoology 14: 140-184. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz, A. and Ogren, L.H. 1956. A collection of reptiles and amphibians from Cuba, with the descriptionof two new forms. Herpetologica 12 (2): 91-110 - get paper here
  • VIDAL, ANNABELLE; ROGER PRADEL & FRANK CÉZILLY. 2023. Do Suburban Populations of Lizards Behave Differently from Forest Ones? An Analysis of Perch Height, Time Budget, and Display Rate in the Cuban Endemic Anolis homolechis. Diversity 15(2): 261. - get paper here
  • Williams, E. E.; Rand, A. S. 1977. Species recognition, dewlap function and faunal size. American Zoologist 17: 261-270 - get paper here
  • Yuan, M. L., M. H. Wake, and I. J. Wang. 2019. Phenotypic integration between claw and toepad traits promotes microhabitat specialization in the Anolis adaptive radiation. Evolution 73: 231–244 - get paper here
 
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