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Anolis zapotecorum KÖHLER, TREJO-PÉREZ, PETERSEN & MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ, 2014

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAnolis zapotecorum KÖHLER, TREJO PÉREZ, PETERSEN & MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ 2014: 48
Norops zapotecorum —MATA-SILVA et al. 2015
Norops zapotecorum — NICHOLSON et al. 2018
Anolis zapotecorum — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionMexico (Oaxaca)

Type locality: Pluma Hidalgo (15.942410°N, 96.430440°W), 1350 m, Estado de Oaxaca, Mexico  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: SMF 96425, an adult male; collected 4 March 2013 by Gunther Köhler and Raúl Gómez Trejo Pérez. Field tag number GK- 4369. Paratypes. IBH 26997–27004, SMF 96418–24, 96426–27, same collecting data as holotype. IBH 26998–27001, 27003–27004, SMF 96419, 96421–22, 96424, 96426–27 are males, IBH 26997, 27002, SMF 96418, 96420, 96423 are females. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A small species (our Species E of the A. nebuloides complex, see above; SVL in largest male 50.0 mm, largest female 47.0 mm) of the genus Anolis (sensu Poe 2004) that differs from all Mexican and Central American anoles except A. nebuloides, A. nietoi, A. megapholidotus, and A. stevepoei by having a combination of (1) strongly keeled ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) 10–12 rows of greatly enlarged dorsal scales that are larger than ventral scales; (4) short hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg usually reaching to posterior margin of eye, occasionally to a point between levels of ear opening and eye or to mideye (to ear opening in single female), ratio shank length/SVL 0.24–0.29; (5) circumnasal usually in contact with first supralabial; and (6) a large pink dewlap in males and a very small pink dewlap in females (Fig. 33). Anolis zapotecorum differs from A. nebuloides, A. nietoi, and A. megapholidotus by having (1) a rather gradual transition over 3 to 4 scales between the enlarged dorsal scales and lateral body scales (vs. a more abrupt transition over only 1 or 2 scales); (2) the edges of the field of enlarged dorsal scale rows forming an undulating line due to single enlarged scales or groups thereof outside the main field (vs. the edges of this field forming well defined and in a more or less straight line) (3) and by having a pink male dewlap (vs. more reddish). Anolis zapotecorum differs from A. stevepoei in hemipenial morphology (lobes well developed with two apical fields void of ornamentation—one on each lobe, and without a flap-like structure at tip of apex in A. zapotecorum vs. lobes rudimentary with a single apical field void of ornamentation, and with a flap-like structure at tip of apex in A. stevepoei) and in the average values of several morphometric and pholidotic characters, most obvious in (1) number of midventral scales in one head length; (2) dorsal scales between levels of axilla and groin; and (3) subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV (see Table 8 in Köhler et al. 2014). 
Comment 
EtymologyThe name zapotecorum refers to the Zapotecan people. The Zapotec civilization was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca. Many people in the range of Anolis zapotecorum still speak the ancient Zapotec language. 
References
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp.
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER; RAÚL GÓMEZ TREJO PÉREZ, CLAUS BO P. PETERSEN & FAUSTO R. MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ 2014. A revision of the Mexican Anolis (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae) from the Pacific versant west of the Isthmus de Tehuantepec in the states of Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Puebla, with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 3862 (1): 001–210 - get paper here
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER; RAÚL GÓMEZ TREJO PÉREZ, CLAUS BO P. PETERSEN & FAUSTO R. MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ 2015. A revision of the Mexican Anolis (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae) from the Pacific versant west of the Isthmus de Tehuantepec in the states of Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Puebla, with the description of six new species: Addendum. Zootaxa 3914 (4): 483–489 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel 2015. Liste der im Jahr 2014 neu beschriebenen Reptilien. Terraria-Elaphe 2015 (3): 50-64 - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
 
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