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Aspidoscelis gularis (BAIRD & GIRARD, 1852)

IUCN Red List - Aspidoscelis gularis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesAspidoscelis gularis gularis (BAIRD & GIRARD 1852)
Aspidoscelis gularis colossus (DIXON, LIEB & KETCHERSID 1971)
Aspidoscelis gularis pallidus (DUELLMAN & ZWEIFEL 1962)
Aspidoscelis gularis semiannulatus (WALKER 1967)
Aspidoscelis gularis semifasciatus (COPE 1892)
Aspidoscelis gularis septemvittatus (COPE 1892) 
Common NamesE: Eastern Spotted Whiptail
E: Mexican Plateau Spotted Whiptail [septemvittata]
S: Corredora Pinta Texana 
SynonymCnemidophorus gularis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852
Cnemidophorus gularis gularis — COPE 1892
Cnemidophorus guttatus HALLOWELL 1854: 192 (non WIEGMANN)
Cnemidophorus gularis sealous COPE 1892: 522 (nomen nudum)
Cnemidophorus gularis sericeus COPE 1892: 48
Cnemidophorus gularis meeki GADOW 1906: 332
Cnemidophorus sackii gularis — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 183
Cnemidophorus sackii gularis — SMITH & BURGER 1950
Cnemidophorus sackii gularis — WERLER & SMITH 1952
Cnemidophorus gularis rauni WALKER 1967 (see comment)
Cnemidophorus gularis — STEBBINS 1985: 160
Cnemidophorus gularis gularis — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 122
Cnemidophorus gularis — LINER 1994
Aspidoscelis gularis — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis scalaris gularis — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008

Aspidoscelis gularis gularis (BAIRD & GIRARD 1852)
Cnemidophorus gularis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852
Cnemidophorus gularis gularis — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis gularis gularis — REEDER et al. 2002

Aspidoscelis gularis colossus (DIXON, LIEB & KETCHERSID 1971)
Cnemidophorus gularis colossus DIXON, LIEB & KETCHERSID 1971
Cnemidophorus gularis colossus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis gularis colossus — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis scalaris colossus — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008

Aspidoscelis gularis pallidus (DUELLMAN & ZWEIFEL 1962)
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus pallidus DUELLMAN & ZWEIFEL 1962: 196
Cnemidophorus gularis pallidus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis gularis pallida — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis scalaris pallidus — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008

Aspidoscelis gularis semiannulatus (WALKER 1967)
Cnemidophorus gularis semiannulatus WALKER 1967
Cnemidophorus gularis semiannulatus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis gularis semiannulata — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis scalaris semiannulatus — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008

Aspidoscelis gularis semifasciatus (COPE 1892)
Cnemidophorus gularis semifasciatus COPE 1892: 49
Cnemidophorus semifasciatus — GADOW 1906: 334
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus semifasciatus — DUELLMAN & ZWEIFEL 1962
Cnemidophorus gularis semifasciatus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis gularis semifasciata — REEDER et al. 2002

Aspidoscelis gularis septemvittatus (COPE 1892)
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus COPE 1892: 40
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus — GADOW 1906: 335
Cnemidophorus sackii semifasciatus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 184
Cnemidophorus gularis septemvittatus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus septemvittatus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 125
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus — WRIGHT 1993
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus septemvittatus — BARTLETT & BARTLETT 1999
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus — CROTHER 2000
Aspidoscelis gularis septemvittata — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis scalaris septemvittatus — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008
Aspidoscelis septemvittata — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis gularis septemvittata — TAYLOR et al. 2012
Aspidoscelis septemvittatus — PYRON & BURBRINK 2013
Aspidoscelis scalaris septemvittatus — CROTHER et al. 2017
Aspidoscelis gularis semptemvittata — RODRÍGUEZ-CANSECO et al. 2013 (in error) 
DistributionUSA (New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma),
Mexico (NE Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Durango, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosi, Querétaro, Veracruz, Aguascalientes, Michoacan, Jalisco, Hidalgo, Guanajuato, Campeche)
Guatemala (fide STUART 1935: 47)

Type locality: Indianola and the Valley of the Rio Grande del Norte. Restricted to mouth of Devils River, Texas by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.

colossus: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, E Queretaro); Type locality: Sierra Madre Oriental in San Luis Potosi and eastern Queretaro.

gularis: New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas; Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas)

meeki: Type locality: Mexico: Garza Valdez, Tamaulipas; S. E. Meek; 1903.

semiannulatus: Mexico (Zacatecas); Type locality: Mexico, Zacatecas, 3 miles SE Guadalupe, along the Aguascalientes-Zacatecas highway.

semifasciatus: Nexico (Coahuila); Type locality: Mexico, Coahuila, Agua Nueva.

septemvittata: USA (Texas), Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila; Type locality: “El Dorado County, California” (in error). Restricted to Marfa, Presidio County, Texas (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950).  
ReproductionOviparous. Bisexual species. Forstner et al. (1998) present evidence that Cnemidophorus septemvittatus and C. gularis hybridize in nature. However, they still recommend to consider both species as valid due to recognizable phenotypic differences. Aspidoscelis gularis also hybridizes with Aspidoscelis laredoensis. 
TypesLectotype: USNM 3022a; paralectotypes: USNM 3022, 2989.
Holotype: USNM 42141 (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950) [septemvittata]
Syntypes: INHS (= UIMNH) 39954 [meeki]
Holotype: TCWC 30186; male; J. R. Dixon; 22 July 1969 [colossus]
Holotype: AMNH 77310; male; R. G. Zweifel 1957 [pallidus]
Holotype: TNHC 30044 (adult male) [rauni]
Holotype: TNHC 30393 (= TNHM) ; male; University of Texas Expedition to Mexico, 13 July 1963 [semiannulatus]
Lectotype: USNM 9248 (formerly USNM 3041), designated by Burt, 1931:100; D. N. Couch [semifasciatus]
Lectotype
Syntype: USNM 14302 [scalaris]
Holotype: USNM 15650 [sericeus] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy mainly after SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.

Subspecies after LINER 1994. The status of Cnemidophorus gularis rauni WALKER 1967 remains unclear. This subspecies has been erected in Walker’s thesis but we have seen only the Dissertation abstract which doesn’t have much detail and no type information. Forstner et al. (1998) present evidence that Cnemidophorus (scalaris) septemvittatus and C. gularis hybridize in nature (Forstner et al. 1998). However, they still recommend to consider both species as valid due to recognizable phenotypic differences. See also discussion in CROTHER 2000 and TAYLOR et al. 2012.

Distribution: Neill & Allen 1959 reported this species from British Honduras (Belize). Not in Yucatan state (Mexico) according to GONZÁLEZ-SÁNCHEZ et al. 2017.

Group: the A. gularis group was traditionally composed of Aspidoscelis gularis colossus, A. g. gu- laris, A. g. pallidus, A. g. rauni, A. g. scalaris, A. g. semian- nulatus, A. g. semifasciatus, and A. g. septemvittatus (Esquivel-Ramírez et al. 2021). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet, gularis, is derived from the Latin word gula, meaning "throat," probably in reference to the bright coloration of the throat in males (Lemos-Espinal & Dixon 2013). 
References
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  • Walker, James M., James E. Cordes, Stanley E. Trauth and Mark A. Paulissen. 2014. Aspidoscelis laredoensis (Larego striped whiptail) x Aspidoscelis gularis (Texas spotted whiptail) maximum body size. Herpetological Review 45 (1): 125-126 - get paper here
  • WALKER, JAMES M.; JAMES E. CORDES & BRIAN K. SULLIVAN. 2022. Aspidoscelis gularis semptemvittata: a Misspelled Name for a Subspecies of Common Spotted Whiptail (Squamata: Teiidae) in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 231–232.
  • WALKER,J. M. 1967. Morphological variation in the teiid lizard Cnemidorphorus gularis. Dissertation Abstracts 28(4) [PhD thesis, U of Colorado 1966]
  • Weidler, J M 2019. Protected areas of Texas in relation to Texas reptiles. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 462-473 - get paper here
  • Werler, J. E., & SMITH, H. M. 1952. Notes on a collection of reptiles and amphibians from Mexico, 1951-1952. Texas Journal of Science 14: 551-573. - get paper here
  • Williams, Kenneth L.;Smith, Hobart M. 1963. Misuse of the trivial name Septemvittatus in the lizard genus Cnemidophorus. Herpetologica 19 (1): 68-69 - get paper here
  • Wright, J.W. 1993. Evolution of the lizards of the genus Cnemidophorus. In: Wright,J.W. & Vitt,L.J. (eds.) Biology of Whiptail lizards (genus Cnemidophorus), pp. 27-81. Oklahoma Mus. Nat. Hist., Norman.
 
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