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Atractus guentheri (WUCHERER, 1861)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Günther's Ground Snake
Portuguese: Coral-Falsa 
SynonymGeophis güntheri WUCHERER 1861
Atractus guentheri — BOULENGER 1894: 305
Atractus guentheri — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 29
Atractus guentheri — PASSOS et al. 2007
Atractus guentheri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 73
Atractus guentheri — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (SE Bahia)

Type locality: Cañavieras, south of Bahia (São Salvador), Estado do Bahia, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.1.76 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Atractus guentheri is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) 17/17/17 smooth dorsal scale rows; (2) two postoculars; (3) moderate to long loreal; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; (6) seven infralabials, first four contacting chinshields; (7) seven to eight maxillary teeth; (8) three gular scale rows; (9) three preventrals; (10) 147–149 ventrals in females, 136–145 in males; (11) 20–23 subcaudals in females, 29–32 in males; (12) dorsum beige or brown, with a dark brown vertebral (three scales wide) and two dorsolateral lines (one scale wide); (13) venter uniform creamish white in preserved and creamish red to pink in living specimens; (14) moderate body size, females reaching 437 mm SVL and males 313 mm SVL; (15) moderate tail size in females (9.6–11.1% SVLand long (16.9–18.1% SVL) in males; (16) moderately bilobed, semicapitate, and semicalyculate hemipenis. 
CommentSynonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970. 
EtymologyNamed after Albert Günther (1830-1914), German-born zoologist at the British Museum. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1894. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, xi, 382 pp. - get paper here
  • Fernandes R. & Puorto G. 1993. A new species of Atractus from Brazil and the status of A. guentheri (Serpentes: Colubridae). Mem. Inst. Butantan 55 (SUPPL. 1): 7-14. - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hamdan, B. & R. M. Lira-da-Silva 2012. The snakes of Bahia State, northeastern Brazil: species richness, composition and biogeographical notes. Salamandra 48 (1): 31-50 - get paper here
  • Hamdan, B.; D.P. Coelho; A.B. D’Angiolella; E.J.R. Dias; R.M. Lira-da-Silva. 2013. The Reptile Collection of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil. Check List 9 (2):257-262 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Passos, P., R. Fernandes and Borges-Nojosa, D.M. 2007. A New Species of Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadinae) from a Relictual Forest in Northeastern Brazil. Copeia 2007 (4): 788–797 - get paper here
  • Passos, P.; Fernandes, R.; Bernils, R.S. & Moura-Leite, J.C. de 2010. Taxonomic revision of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Atractus (Reptilia: Serpentes: Dipsadidae). Zootaxa 2364: 1–63 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wucherer, Otho 1861. On the ophidians of the Province of Bahia, Brazil (Part I.). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1861: 113- - get paper here
 
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