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Atractus dapsilis MELO-SAMPAIO, PASSOS, FOUQUET, COSTA-PRUDENTE & TORRES-CARVAJAL, 2019

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-da-terra, Falsa-Coral-Manchada, Fura-Terra 
SynonymAtractus dapsilis MELO-SAMPAIO, PASSOS, FOUQUET, COSTA-PRUDENTE & TORRES-CARVAJAL 2019
Atractus badius var. E — BOULENGER 1894: 309
Atractus schach — MARTINS & OLIVEIRA 1993: 32, fig. 4d, 6b
Atractus schach — MARTINS & OLIVEIRA 1998: 97, plate 22
Atractus schach — FRAGA et al., 2013: 158
Atractus schach — MORATO et al. 2014: 93
Atractus schach — MORATO et al. 2018: 10
Atractus snethlageae — ZIMMERMAN & RODRIGUES 1990
Atractus snethlageae — MARTINS & OLIVEIRA 1993: 34, fig. 4e, 6c
Atractus snethlageae — MARTINS & OLIVEIRA 1998: 97, plate 23
Atractus snethlageae — FRAGA et al. 2013: 160
Atractus snethlageae — MORATO et al. 2014: 94
Atractus snethlageae — MORATO et al. 2018: 10
Atractus snethlageae — SCHARGEL et al. 2013: 465
Atractus dapsilis — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Para, Amazonas), Suriname

Type locality: Platô Teofilo, Flona Saraca-Taquera (1°42' 51.6" S, 56°24' 34.0" W), alt. 97 m asl, Oriximina, Para, Brazil.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: MNRJ 14914, adult male: coll. E. G. Pereira and team, 1 February 2007.
Paratypes. All adult females from Brazil: PARA: Oriximina MNRJ 14913: coll. E. G. Pereira and team, 30 January 2007. MNRJ 14915: coll. E. G. Pereira and team, 30 January 2007. MNRJ 16799: coll. R. R. Pinto and team, 19 March 2008. MNRJ 16801: coll. R. R. Pinto and team, 20 March 2008. MNRJ 16802: coll. R. R. Pinto and team, 30 June 2008. MNRJ 16803: coll. R. R. Pinto and team, 1 June 2008. MPEG 23759: coll. F. L. Trein, 12 August 2009. MPEG 21570: coll. R. R. Carvalho Jr., 20 May 2006. IBSP 87633: coll. S. Morato, 1 March 2014. MNRJ 16796: coll. R. R. Pinto and team, 8 March 2008. Terra Santa INPA-H 31489: coll. Unknown, 2 August 2011. Amazonas: Manaus MZUSP 3713 coll. K. Lenko, September 1962 (307'00.0"S, 6000'00.0"W) atl. 42m asl. Rio Preto da Eva MZUSP 8659 coll. B. Zimmerman, 1985, Reserva 41 – INPA/ WWF (225'00.0"S, 5943'00.0"W) alt. 81m asl. Presidente Figueredo MPEG 17426 coll. Rescue Team, 26 January 1988. MPEG 17427 coll. S^onia, 27 January 1988; MPEG 17539 coll. Rescue Team, 11 May 1988. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Atractus dapsilis is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) smooth dorsal scale rows 17/17/17; (2) postoculars two; (3) loreal long; (4) temporal formula 1 þ 2; (5) supralabials seven, third and fourth contacting eye; (6) infralabials eight, first four contacting chinshields; (7) six or seven maxillary teeth; (8) gular scale rows three; (9) preventrals three; (10) ventrals 167–182 in females, 152–166 in males; (11) subcaudals 21–26 in females, 30–37 in males; (12) in preservative, dorsum beige to pale brown with a series of dark brown regular bands (21–40 in females, 19–32 in males), some of which are in contact dorsomedially or black with pale bands (morphotype more frequent in males); (13) in preservative, venter pale cream with brown dots forming an inconspicuous midventral line; (14) moderate body size in females (maximum 500 mm SVL) and in males (maximum 360mm SVL); (15) small tail in females (7.3–10% SVL), moderately long in males (13.3–17.6% SVL); (16) hemipenis strongly bilobed, semicapitate, and semicaliculate.


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Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet 'dapsilis' is a neuter Latin adjective meaning abundant or bountiful, in reference for the relative local abundance of the new species, which unlike many other congeners is described based on a large sample size. 
References
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Lehr, E., & Jairam, R. 2023. A new record for Suriname: Atractus dapsilis Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa-Prudente, and Torres-Carvajal 2019 (Reptilia: Dipsadidae). Reptiles & Amphibians, 30(1), e20114-e20114 - get paper here
  • Martins M. & Oliveira M E. 1993. The snakes of the genus Atractus Wagler (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) from the Manaus region, central Amazonia, Brazil. Zoologische Mededelingen 67 (1-26): 21-40. - get paper here
  • Martins, M. & Oliveira, M.E. 1998. Natural history of snakes in forests of the Manaus region, central Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetological Natural History 6: 78-150 - get paper here
  • Melo-Sampaio, Paulo Roberto; Paulo Passos, Antoine Fouquet, Ana Lucia Da Costa Prudente & Omar Torres-Carvajal 2019. Systematic review of Atractus schach (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) species complex from the Guiana Shield with description of three new species. Systematics and Biodiversity, 17:3, 207-229, DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2019.1611674 - get paper here
  • Morato, S.A.A.; Calixto, P.O.; Mendes, L.R.; Gomes, R.; Galatti, U.; Trein, F.L.; Oliveira, F.S.; Ferreira, G.N. 2014. Guia fotográfico de identificação da herpetofauna da Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, Estado do Pará. Curitiba: STCP Engenharia de Projetos Ltda.; Porto Trombetas: MRN – Mineração Rio do Norte S.A.; 213 p. - get paper here
  • Morato, Sérgio Augusto Abrahão; Guilherme Nunes Ferreira; Michela Rossane Cavilha Scupino (eds.) 2018. Herpetofauna da Amazônia Central: Estudos na FLONA de Saracá-Taquera. Curitiba, Pr: STCP Engenharia de Projetos Ltda.; Porto Trombetas, Pa: MRN – Mineração Rio do Norte S.A., 2018.<br />210p. - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • SCHARGEL, WALTER E.; WILLIAM W. LAMAR, PAULO PASSOS, JORGE H. VALENCIA, DIEGO F. CISNEROS-HEREDIA, JONATHAN A. CAMPBELL 2013. A new giant Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from Ecuador, with notes on some other large Amazonian congeners. Zootaxa 3721 (5): 455–474 - get paper here
  • Zimmerman, B.L., & Rodrigues, M.T. 1990. Frogs, snakes and lizards of the INPA-WWF reserves near Manaus, Brazil. ln A. H. Gentry (Ed.), Four neotropical rainforests (pp. 426–454). New Haven, CT: Yale University
 
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