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Bachia bresslaui (AMARAL, 1935)

IUCN Red List - Bachia bresslaui - Vulnerable, VU
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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae, Bachiinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bresslau's Bachia
Portuguese: Cobra-Cega, Lagartinho, Lagarto-Ápodo, Lagarto-sem-Pata 
SynonymApatelus bresslaui AMARAL 1935
Bachia bresslaui — VANZOLINI 1961
Bachia bresslaui — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 80
Bachia bresslaui — DIXON 1973
Bachia bresslaui — CASTOE et al. 2004
Bachia bresslaui — CACCIALI et al. 2016 
DistributionBrazil (Sao Paulo, Mato Grosso, Bahia, Distrito Federal),
Paraguay (Amambay)

Type locality: Estado de São Paulo, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Dorsal and lateral body scales lanceolate, keeled, imbricate; ventral scales quadrangular, juxtaposed; all tail scales lanceolate, keeled, imbricate; prefrontals absent (fused to anterior supraocular); interparietal, frontonasal, nasals, parietals present; supraoculars 2-2; superciliaries 2-2; second pair of chin shields in contact medially, not reaching oral border; femoral pores 1-1 or 2-2; preanal pores 1-1; anterior and posterior limbs reduced with a single apical scale resembling a toe; preanal shields 6 (not including 2 small lateral scales); SAB 33-35; dorsals 47-49; ventrals 38; gulars 9; maximum snout-vent length 75 mm (Dixon 1973: 18).


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CommentDistribution: Probably also in Bolivia (fide LANGSTROTH 2005).

Type species: Apatelus bresslaui AMARAL 1935 is the type species of the genus Apatelus AMARAL 1935 (preoccupied by Apatelus Mulsant and Rey, 1860) (Dixon 1973: 14).

Abundance: Dixon 1973 reported only 2 known specimens.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Ernst Ludwig Bresslau (1877-1935), a physician and zoologist. He became head of the Zoology Department and the Georg Speyer Haus, Frankfurt (1920). He was also Professor and Director, Zoological Institute, Universitat zu Köln. Being Jewish, he lost his university jobs in Nazi Germany (1933), so left to become the first Director, Department of Zoology, University of São Paulo, Brazil (1934). 
References
  • Amaral, A. 1935. Estudos sobre lacertilios neotropicos II. Novo genero e especie de lagarto do Brasil. Mem. Inst. Butantan 9: 249-250 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bressan, Paulo Magalhães; Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Angélica Midori Sugieda (eds.) 2009. FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, 2009. - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Castoe, T.A.; Doan, T.M. & Parkinson, C.L. 2004. Data partitions and complex models in Bayesian analysis: the phylogeny of Gymnophthalmid lizards. Systematic Biology 53 (3): 448-469 - get paper here
  • Colli, Guarino R., Mariana G. Zatz and Hélio J. da Cunha 1998. Notes on the ecology and geographical distribution of the rare Gymnophthalmid lizard Bachia bresslaui. Herpetologica 54 (2): 169-174. - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Langstroth, R.P. 2005. Adiciones probables y confirmadas para la saurofauna boliviana. Kempffiana 1 (1): 101-128
  • MacLean, W. P. 1973. On the third specimen of Bachia bresslaui (Sauria, Teiidae). Papeis Avulsos Zoology (São Paulo) 27 (6): 81-82 - get paper here
  • MARQUES, O. A. V. et al. 2009. Repteis. In: Bressan et al., FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, pp. 285-327 - get paper here
  • Mesquita, G. D. S., Silveira, P., Ramalho, W. P., dos Santos, J. S., Machado, I. F., Maciel, N. M., ... & Collevatti, R. G. 2025. Agriculture cover and local vegetation structure shape Squamata’s diversity in agricultural landscapes in Brazilian Cerrado. Landscape Ecology, 40(5), 85 - get paper here
  • Peters, James A. & Donoso-Barros, Roberto 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part II. Lizards and Amphisbaenians. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 293 pp. - get paper here
  • Ramalho, Werther Pereira; Vinícius Guerra Batista; Luciano Roberto Passos Lozi 2014. Anfíbios e répteis do médio rio Aporé, estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e Goiás, Brasil. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 9 (3): 147-160; doi: 10.4013/nbc.2014.93.04 - get paper here
  • RODRIGUES, MIGUEL TREFAUT; AGUSTÍN CAMACHO, PEDRO MURILO SALES NUNES, RENATO SOUSA RECODER, MAURO TEIXEIRA JR., PAULA H. VALDUJO, JOSÉ MÁRIO B. GHELLERE, TAMÍ MOTT & CRISTIANO NOGUEIRA 2008. A new species of the lizard genus Bachia (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Cerrados of Central Brazil. Zootaxa 1875: 39–50 - get paper here
  • Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Katia Cristina Machado Pellegrino, Marianna Dixo, Vanessa Kruth Verdade, Dante Pavan, Antônio Jorge Suzart Argolo, and Jack W. Sites Jr. 2007. A new genus of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forests of State of Bahia, Brazil, with a new generic name for Colobosaura mentalis, and a discussion of relationships among the Heterodactylini (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae). American Museum novitates (3565): 1-27 - get paper here
  • TEIXEIRA JR, MAURO; RENATO SOUSA RECODER, AGUSTÍN CAMACHO, MARCO AURÉLIO DE SENA, CARLOS ARTURO NAVAS & MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES 2013. A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior. Zootaxa 3616 (2): 173–189 - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Valdujo, Paula Hanna; Cristiano de Campos Nogueira; Leandro Baumgarten; Flavio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues; Reuber Albuquerque Brandão; André Eterovic; Mário Barroso Ramos-Neto; Otavio A. V. Marques 2009. Squamate Reptiles from Parque Nacional das Emas and surroundings, Cerrado of Central Brazil. Check List 5 (3): 405–417 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini,P.E. 1961. Bachia: Especies Brasileiras e conceito generico (Sauria: Teiidae). Papéis Avulsos Zoologia (São Paulo) 14: 193-209 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini,P.E. 1966. Sobre o segundo exemplar de Bachia bresslaui. Pap. Av. Zool. S. Paulo 19: 189-192 - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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