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Bothrocophias lojanus (PARKER, 1930)

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Lojan Lancehead 
SynonymBothrops lojanus PARKER 1930
Bothrops lojana PARKER 1930
Bothrops alticola PARKER 1939
Bothriopsis alticola — WELCH 1994: 31
Bothrops lojanus — WELCH 1994: 33
Bothrops lojanus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 266
Bothrops lojanus — CARRASCO et al. 2012
Bothrops lojanus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 117
Bothrocophias lojanus — HAMDAN et al. 2019 
DistributionEcuador (Loja, Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru; elevation up to 2500 m or higher.

Type locality: Loja, Provincia Loja, Ecuador, 2200 m elevation.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1930.1.30.1 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2133 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Incertae sedis fide FENWICK et al. 2009. Bothrops lojanus nests within Bothrocophias (Alencar et al. 2016) although support for a position within the latter is not very strong.

Conservation: one of the 30 most endangered viper species (Maritz et al. 2016). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Alencar, Laura R.V.; Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50–62 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Carrasco, P.A., C.I. Mattoni, G.C. Leynaud, and G.J. Scrocchi. 2012. Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of South American bothropoid pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 41: 109-124 - get paper here
  • Carrasco, Paola A; Pablo J Venegas, Valencia, Jorge H 2016. First confirmed records of the endangered Andean pitviper Bothrops lojanus Parker, 1930 (Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Peru. Herpetology Notes 9: 297-301 - get paper here
  • FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here
  • Hamdan, B, Guedes, TB, Carrasco, PA, Melville, J. 2019. A complex biogeographic history of diversification in Neotropical lancehead pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 49: 145– 158 [print 2020] - get paper here
  • Maritz, Bryan; Johannes Penner, Marcio Martins, Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailović, Stephen Spear, Laura R.V. Alencar, Jesús Sigala-Rodriguez, Kevin Messenger, Rulon W. Clark, Pritpal Soorae, Luca Luiselli, Chris Jenkins, Harry W. Greene 2016. Identifying global priorities for the conservation of vipers. Biological Conservation, doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.004 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • OLIVEIRA-DALLAND, LUIS G.; LAURA R.V. ALENCAR, LEANDRO R. TAMBOSI, PAOLA A. CARRASCO, RHETT M. RAUTSAW, JESUS SIGALA-RODRIGUEZ, GUSTAVO SCROCCHI & MARCIO MARTINS. 2022. Conservation gaps for Neotropical vipers: Mismatches between protected areas, species richness and evolutionary distinctiveness. Biological Conservation 275(109750). - get paper here
  • Parker,H.W. 1930. Two new reptiles from southern Ecuador. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 5: 568-571 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Valencia, J. H., K. Garzón-Tello & M. E. Barragán-Paladines 2016. Serpientes venenosas del Ecuador: sistemática, taxonomía, historia natural, conservación, envenenamiento y aspectos antropológicos. Quito, Ecuador, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés, Universidad de Texas, Fondo Ambiental Nacional, 652 pp. [review in HR 49 (1): 152, 2018]
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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