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Bothrops alternatus DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Urutu
G: Urutu, Halbmondlanzenotter
Portuguese: Boicoatiara, Boicotiara, Coatiara, Cotiara, Cruzeira, Cruzeiro, Jararaca-de-Agosto, Jararaca-do-Rabo-de-Porco, Jararaca-Rabo-de-Porco, Rabo-de-Mulita, Urutu, Urutu-Cruzeira, Urutu-Cruzeiro 
SynonymBothrops alternatus DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 1512
Bothrops alternatus — BOULENGER 1886: 438
Lachesis alternatus BOULENGER 1896
Lachesis inaequalis MAGALHAES 1925: 153
Bothrops alternata — HOGE 1952: 237
Bothrops alternatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 43
Bothrops alternatus — CEI 1993
Bothrops alternatus — WELCH 1994: 31
Bothrops alternatus — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 37
Bothrops alternatus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 253
Rhinocerophis alternatus — FENWICK et al. 2009
Bothrops alternatus — WINCHELL 2010
Bothrops alternatus — CARRASCO et al. 2012
Rhinocerophis alternatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 648
Bothrops alternatus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionNE/C Argentina (Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Entre Rios, Corrientes, Misiones, Chaco, Formosa, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, Tucumán, San Luis),
Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goiás [HR 32: 58], Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro)

Type locality: Paraguay and South America.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 7744 and MNHN-RA 7765. (not unlocated as reported by MCDIARMID et al. 1999) 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (313 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous! 
EtymologyNamed from Latin “alternatus”, meaning alternating, probably in reference to the staggered blotches on the side of the body. 
References
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  • Amaral, A. 1935. Notas sobre chromatismo de ophidios III. Um caso de xanthismo e um novo de albinismo, observados no Brasil Estudos sobre ophidios neotropicos. Mem. Inst. Butantan 8 [1934]: 151-194 - get paper here
  • Bellini, Gisela Paola; Arzamendia, Vanesa; Alberto, Diana; Giraudo, Alejandro Raúl 2020. Biología reproductiva de Bothrops alternatus en un área templada de América del Sur: ciclo reproductivo masculino. Cuad. herp. 34 (1): - get paper here
  • Bellini, Gisela Paola; Vanesa Arzamendia and Alejandro Raúl Giraudo 2019. Reproductive life history of snakes in temperate regions: what are the differences between oviparous and viviparous species? Amphibia-Reptilia 40 (3): 291–303 - get paper here
  • Borteiro, C., Abegg, A. D., Oda, F. H., Cardozo, D., Kolenc, F., Etchandy, I., ... & Baldo, D. 2021. Aberrant colouration in wild snakes: case study in Neotropical taxa and a review of terminology. Salamandra 57 (1): 124-138 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1886. A synopsis of the reptiles and batrachians of the province Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 18: 423-445 - get paper here
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  • FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here
  • Ferreto Fiorillo, Bruno; Alexandro Marques Tozetti, Marcio Martins 2020. Habitat use by five species of sympatric pitvipers (Bothrops, Crotalus) in a Brazilian savannah. Herpetology Notes 13: 951-960 - get paper here
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  • Gavira, Rodrigo Samuel Bueno and Denis Vieira Andrade. 2013. Temperature and thermal regime effects on the specific dynamic action of Bothrops alternatus (Serpentes, Viperidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 34 (4): 483-491 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
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  • Laita, Mark 2013. Serpentine. Abrams and PQ Blackwell, Auckland, New Zealand, 200 unnumbered pages
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