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Bothrops jonathani HARVEY, 1994

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Jonathan's Lancehead 
SynonymBothrops jonathani HARVEY 1994
Bothrops jonathani — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 263
Rhinocerophis jonathani — FENWICK et al. 2009
Rhinocerophis jonathani — CARRASCO et al. 2009
Bothrops jonathani — CARRASCO et al. 2012
Rhinocerophis jonathani — WALLACH et al. 2014: 649 
DistributionBolivia (Cochabamba), Argentina

Type locality: “on Highway 4 approximately 35 km N (by road) of El Empalme, Provincia Carrasco, Departamento de Cochabamba, approximately 2800 m [elevation] (17° 45'S, 65°00'W) ... Bolivia."  
Reproductionviviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNK R (MNK R) 1000 (Museo Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis.—Bothrops jonathani is distinguished from all congeners and from species of Bothrocophias and Bothriopsis by the following combination of characters: (1) lacunolabial absent; (2) dorsal keels nontuberculate; (3) labials with distinctive pattern: white with tan or black edges; (4) canthorostrals absent; (5) all subcaudals divided; (6) ventrals 154–172 and subcaudals 37–42; (7) loreal subtriangular; (8) canthals narrow and separated by 4–6 scales; (9) internasals in contact; (10) postocular stripe 4.5 temporals high, brown edged in black; (11) dorsum pale brown with dark brown Xor V-shaped marks; venter heavily pigmented with charcoal blotches; (12) counts for dorsals (27–33), supralabials (9–12), infralabials (13–16), and interoculabials (4) unusually high for Bothrops (Harvey 2005: 18). 
CommentVenomous! 
Etymology"The specific epithet is a patronym for Jonathan A. Campbell in recognition of his considerable contributions to the biology of neotropical pitvipers." 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Carrasco, P.A., C.I. Mattoni, G.C. Leynaud, and G.J. Scrocchi. 2012. Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of South American bothropoid pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 41: 109-124 - get paper here
  • Carrasco, P.A.; Harvey, M.B. & Muñoz Saravia, A. 2009. The rare Andean pitviper Rhinocerophis jonathani (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae): redescription with comments on its systematics and biogeography. Zootaxa 2283: 1–15 - get paper here
  • FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here
  • Harvey, M. B. 1994. A new species of montane pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae: Bothrops) from Cochabamba, Bolivia. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 107 (1): 60-66. - get paper here
  • Harvey, M.B.; et al. 2005. Revision of the venomous snakes of Bolivia. II. The pitvipers (Serpentes: Viperidae). Annals of the Carnegie Museum 74 (1): 1-38. - get paper here
  • Jansen, Martin 2008. Die Lanzenottern der Gattung Bothrops in Bolivien. Draco 8 (33): 50-56 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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