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Brachyorrhos gastrotaenius (BLEEKER, 1860)

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Higher TaxaHomalopsidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Buru Short-tailed Snake 
SynonymRabdion gastrotaenia BLEEKER 1860: 286
Oxyorrhos fusiformis FISCHER 1879
Brachyorrhos gastrotaenius — MURPHY 2012
Brachyorrhos gastrotaenius — MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 6
Brachyorrhos gastrotaenius — WALLACH et al. 2014: 124 
DistributionIndonesia (Buru)

Type locality: “Amboina” (= Ambon), in error. Buru – Fakal : ZMA 13.044(3); Rana – ZMA 12.844(3); no specific locality – RMNH 572.  
Reproductionviviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.12.15 (possibly),
Syntype: SMNS 1327(3), reported to be lost in WWII (fide Schluter & Hallermann, 1997), from Buru, but re-discovered by Alexander Kupfer (pers. comm., 18 March 2019); RMNH 3977 (Leiden) from “O-I Archipel” (= East Indies Archipelago) is described as a “co-type” for this species. It has been skinned and scale count data is therefore not available. [Oxyorrhos fusiformis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Six upper labials, fourth (rarely 3+4) in orbit, fifth is tallest; mid-ventral stripe often present. This combination of characters separates this species from all other members of the genus (MURPHY & VORIS 2014). 
CommentSynonymy: has been confused with B. albus. 
EtymologyNamed after the Greek gaster, meaning belly, and the Latin taenia referring to a ribbon, in reference to the mid-line stripe on the venter of this snake. We have changed the suffix of Bleeker’s gastrotaenia so that the gender of the epithet is in agreement with the gender of the genus. 
References
  • Bleeker, P. 1860. Over de Reptiliën-Fauna van Amboina. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië 22: 39-43 - get paper here
  • Boie, F. 1827. Bemerkungen über Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien, 1. Lieferung: Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20: 508-566. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Fischer, J. G. 1879. Neue oder wenig bekannte Reptilien. Verh. naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg N.F. III: 78-103 - get paper here
  • Fischer, J. G. 1880. Neue Reptilien und Amphibien. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 46 (1): 215-227 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1865. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 13. Livraison. [Homalosoma mite]. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2013. The snakes of the Moluccas (Maluku), Indonesia. Edition Chimaira, 417 pp. - get paper here
  • Linnaeus, C. [= Linné, C. von] 1758. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ. 10th Edition: 824 pp. - get paper here
  • Murphy, J.C. & Voris, H.K. 2014. A Checklist and Key to the Homalopsid Snakes (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes), with the Description of New Genera. FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES (8): 1–43 - get paper here
  • Murphy, John C. 2007. Homalopsid Snakes: Evolution in the Mud. Krieger Publishing, Malabar, Florida, 249 pp.
  • Murphy, John C.; Mumpuni, Kate L. Sanders 2011. First molecular evidence for the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic snake genus Brachyorrhos(Serpentes: Caenophidia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61 (3): 953-957 - get paper here
  • Sauvage, H. E. 1879. Sur un Rhabdosomien de genre nouveau provenant de Ternate. Bull. Soc. philom. Paris (7) 3: 61-63 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1826. Notice sur l’Erpétologie de l’île de Java; Par M. Boïé. Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Géologie, 9: 233-240. - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Schlüter, A. & Hallermann, J. 1997. The Type Specimens in the Herpetological Collection of the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Ser. A (553): 1-15 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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