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Bungarus sindanus BOULENGER, 1897

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sind Krait 
SynonymBungarus caeruleus sindanus BOULENGER 1897
Bungarus sindanus — ANNANDALE 1905
Bungarus walli WALL 1907
Bungarus sindanus — WALL 1908: 24
Bungarus walli — SMITH 1943: 418
Bungarus caeruleus sindanus — KLEMMER 1963
Bungarus caeruleus sindanus — MINTON 1966
Bungarus sindanus — KHAN 1985
Bungarus sindanus razai KHAN 1985
Bungarus sindanus — WELCH 1994: 39
Bungarus walli — SHARMA 2004
Bungarus sindanus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 130 
DistributionSE Pakistan, NW India (Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab)

sindanus: S Pakistan, adjacent India; Type locality: "Umarkot" and "Sukkur, Sindh" [= Umarkot, S Sindh Prov., 25°24'N, 69°43'E, elevation 10 m and Sukkur, 27°41'N, 68°51'E, elevation 60 m, N Sindh Prov., SE Pakistan]. Restricted to Sindh Basin
fide Boulenger (1897: 73).

razai: N Pakistan

Type locality: Sind, West Pakistan [BOULENGER 1897]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.1.18.54-55 (96.12.8.1-2), Sukkur (L.l Mountford) and BMNH 1946.1.19.16 (90.10.8.1) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Medium-sized snake, head barely distinguishable from neck; Loreal absent; median dorsal scale row distinctly enlarged; subcaudals not divided; dorsal scales at midbody 17; ventrals 220 – 237; subcaudals 49 – 52; anal entire; first light transverse band appears at the level of eleventh to fifteenth ventrals; carnivorous. (Baig et al. 2008)


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CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: Mertens 1969 considered B. sindanus as a variant (and synonym) of B. caeruleus. Bungarus sindanus walli WALL 1907 is now treated as a valid species.

Distribution: Possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • ARIANEJAD, MORTEZA & MEYSAM GHASEMI. 2021. Geographic distribution: BUNGARUS SINDANUS PERSICUS (Sind Krait). IRAN: HORMOZGAN PROVINCE: Bashagard County. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 85. - get paper here
  • Baig, KJ, Masroor, R., and Arshad, M. 2008. Biodiversity and ecology of the herpetofauna of Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. Russ. J. Herpetol. 15 (3): 193-205 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1897. A new krait from Sind (Bungarus sindanus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 73-74 - get paper here
  • Cholmondeley, E.C. 1908. Kraits in Indore. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 921-924 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil;Chaturvedi, Naresh 1998. Catalogue of the herpetological types in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society. Hamadryad 23 (2): 150-156 - get paper here
  • Deshmukh, R.V., Sager A. Deshmukh & Swapnil A. Badhekar 2016. First records of Oligodon taeniolatus and Bungarus sindanus walli from Nagpur District, Maharashtra, India. Reptile RAP (18): 40–42 - get paper here
  • HAIDER, JIBRAN; INAYATULLAH MALIK AND SABIHA SHAMIM 2019. WILDLIFE SURVEY OF NATIONAL PARKS TO ASSESS REPTILIAN BIODIVERSITY, AJK. J Biores Manag. 6 (4): 8-18 - get paper here
  • Jigar, Solanki; Khare Rounak and Andhale Atmaram Vitthal 2022. CHECKLIST OF SNAKES FOUND IN MAVAL TALUKA, PUNE, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. CIBTech Journal of Zoology 11: 182-192 - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Kästle , W., Rai, K. & Schleich, H.H. 2013. FIELD GUIDE to Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. ARCO-Nepal e.V., 625 pp. - get paper here
  • Khan, M.S. 1985. Taxonomic notes on Bungarus caeruleus (Schneider) and Bungarus sindanus Boulenger. The Snake 17: 71-78
  • Khan, M.S. 1986. A noteworthy collection of Amphibians and reptiles from North- Western Punjab, Pakistan. The Snake 18: 118-125
  • Kral, B. 1969. Notes on the herpetofauna of certain provinces of Afghanistan. Zoologiske Listy 18, 55-66.
  • Kuch, Ulrich 2004. Bungarus sindanus Boulenger, 1897, an addition to the venomous snake fauna of Afghanistan. Herpetozoa 16 (3/4):171-173 - get paper here
  • Lenz, Norbert 2012. Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen - Natur und Kultur in Bhutan. Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe, 124 pp.
  • Patel, Harshil; and Raju Vyas 2019. Reptiles of Gujarat, India: Updated Checklist, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Herpetology Notes 12: 765-777 - get paper here
  • Pitman, C.R.S. 1913. Kraits in the Dera Ismail Khan District. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 636 - get paper here
  • Rajabizadeh, M. 2018. Snakes of Iran. [in Farsi] Tehran: Iranshenasi, 496 pp. [2017 ?] - get paper here
  • Roemer, K. & Mahyar-Roemer, M. 2006. Haltung, Nachzucht und Toxin des Indischen Kraits, Bungarus caeruleus (SCHNEIDER 1801). Elaphe 14 (1): 26-32
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Sharma, S.K., Pandey, D.P., Shah, K.B., Tillack, E, Chappuis, E, Thapa, C. L., AiroI, E. & Kuch, U. 2013. Venomous snakes of Nepal: a photographic guide. B.P. Kolrala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, 85 pp. - get paper here
  • Singh J, Dutta S.K., Singh H 2021. Herpetofauna of Punjab: The Field Guide. New Era Book Agency, Chandigarh, 82 pp.
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Vyas, Raju 1998. Unusual marking pattern in krait Bungarus sindanus. Cobra 32: 34-35
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1906. The poisonous snakes of India and how to recognize them, Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 51-72 [correction on p. 995] - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1907. Notes on Snakes collected in Fyzabad. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 101-129 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1908. The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian dominions and how to recognise them, 2nd ed. Bombay, Bombay Natural History Society - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1911. Remarks on a snake collection in the Quetta museum. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 1033-1042 - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1907. A new krait from Oudh (Bungarus walli). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 608-611 - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1908. A popular treatise of the common Indian snakes. Part VIII. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 711-735 - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1909. Remarks on some little known Indian Ophidia. Records of the Indian Museum 3 (2): 145-150. - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1913. On the Common (Bungarus caeruleus) and Sind Kraits (Bungarus sindanus). J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 401 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Whitaker, Romulus and Ashok Captain 2004. Snakes of India. Draco Books, 500 pp., reprinted 2007 - get paper here
 
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