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Carinascincus metallicus (O'SHAUGHNESSY, 1874)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Eugongylinae (Eugongylini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Metallic Cool-skink 
SynonymMocoa ocellata GRAY 1845: 82 (part.)
Mocoa metallica O'SHAUGHNESSY 1874: 299
Mocoa pseudocarinata O'SHAUGHNESSY 1874: 300 (part.)
Lygosoma (Leiolopisma) metallicum — LUCAS & FROST 1894: 76
Lygosoma (Leiolopisma) metallicum — SMITH 1937: 225
Lygosoma (Leiolepisma) metallicum — GLAUERT 1960
Lygosoma metallicum — BRATTSTROM 1971
Leiolopisma metallicum — GREER 1974
Leiolopisma metallicum — COGGER 1983: 169
Litotescincus metallica — WELLS & WELLINGTON 1985: 33
Niveoscincus metallicus — HUTCHINSON et al. 1990
Pseudemoia metallica — FRANK & RAMUS 1995
Niveoscincus metallicus — MELVILLE & SWAIN 2000
Niveoscincus metallica — COGGER 2000: 564
Carinascincus metallicus — GREER 2005 (online)
Carinascincus metallicus — COUPER et al. 2006: 380
Niveoscincus metallicus — WILSON & SWAN 2013
Carinascincus metallicus — COGGER 2014: 427
Carinascincus metallicus — KREGER et al. 2020
Niveoscincus metallicus — BRETZEL 2023 
DistributionAustralia (Tasmania, Victoria), West Pacific Islands (fide SMITH 1937)

Introduced to Hawaii (McCoy & Busack 1970, Quay 1973, Brongersma 1942)

Type locality: Tasmania.  
Reproductionovovivparous (lecithotrophic) 
TypesLectotype: BMNH 1946.8.7.7-14, designated by Wells & Wellington, 1985.
Paralectotype: BMNH 1946.8.10.78, from Australia [Mocoa ocellata]
Paralectotype: BMNH 1946.8.16.22, from Tas. [Mocoa pseudocarinata]. For the lectotype (BMNH 1946.8.16.21) see Leiolopisma entrecasteauxii. 
Diagnosis 
CommentHabitat: Wet/dry sclerophyll forest, dry sclerophyll woodland, Ground, elevation 40-1000 m.

Type species: Mocoa metallica O'SHAUGHNESSY 1874 is the type species of the genus Litotescincus WELLS & WELLINGTON 1985. 
EtymologyPresumably named after the Latin metallicus (metallic) referring to the metallic sheen of the dorsal scales. (G. Shea, pers. comm., 9 Feb 2024) 
References
  • Baehr, M. 1976. Beiträge zur Verbreitung und Ökologie tasmanischer Reptilien. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. (A) 292: 1-24 - get paper here
  • Brattstrom, B.H. 1971. Critical thermal maxima of some Australian skinks Copeia 1971 (3): 554-557. - get paper here
  • Bretzel, Joachim 2023. Tasmanien im Herbst. Elaphe 2023 (3): 40-45
  • Brongersma,L.D. 1942. Notes on scincid lizards. Zoologische Mededelingen 24: 125-152 - get paper here
  • Chapple, D.G. & Swain, R. 2004. Caudal autotomy does not influence thermoregulatory characteristics in the metallic skink, Niveoscincus metallicus. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (3): 326-333 - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384
  • Glauert, L. 1960. Herpetological miscellanea. XII. The family Scincidae in Western Australia. Pt. 2. The genus Lygosoma. Western Australian Naturalist 7 (4): 81-99 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • Greer, Allen E. 1982. A new species of Leiolopisma (Lacertilia: Scincidae) from Western Australia. Rec. Austral. Mus. 34 (12): 549-573 - get paper here
  • Hutchinson M N; Donnellan S C; Baverstock P R; Krieg M; Simms S; Burgin S 1990. Immunological relationships and generic revision of the Australian lizards assigned to the genus Leiolopisma (Scincidae: Lygosominae). Australian Journal of Zoology 38 (5): 535-554 - get paper here
  • Hutchinson,M.D. & Schwaner,T.D. 1991. Genetic relationships among the Tasmanian scincid lizards of the genus Niveoscincus. Journal of Herpetology 25 (1): 49-58 - get paper here
  • Kreger, KM, Shaban, B, Wapstra, E, Burridge, CP. 2020. Phylogeographic parallelism: Concordant patterns in closely related species illuminate underlying mechanisms in the historically glaciated Tasmanian landscape. J Biogeogr. 2020; 47: 1674–1686 - get paper here
  • Lucas, A. H. S. & Frost, C. 1894. The lizards indigenous to Victoria. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. (ns) 6: 24-92 - get paper here
  • McCoy, C. J.; Busack, Stephen D. 1970. The lizards Hemidactylus frenatus and Leiolopisma metallica on the Island of Hawaii. Herpetologica 26 (3): 303 - get paper here
  • Melville, Jane; Swain, Roy 2000. Evolutionary relationships between morphology, performance and habitat openness in the lizard genus Niveoscincus (Scincidae: Lygosominae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 70: 667–683. - get paper here
  • Melville,J. & SWAIN,R. 2000. Mitochondrial DNA-sequence based phylogeny and biogeography of the snow skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Niveoscincus) of Tasmania. Herpetologica 56 (2): 196-208 - get paper here
  • O’Shaughnessy,A.W.E. 1874. A description of a new species of Scincidae in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 13: 298-301 - get paper here
  • Quay, W. B. 1973. Geographic Spread and Habits of the Metallic Skink, Lygosoma metallicum, on Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. Journal of Herpetology 7 (3): 308-309 - get paper here
  • Rawlinson, P. A. 1974. Biogeography and ecology of the reptiles of Tasmania and the Bass Strait area. In: Williams, W. D. (ed.) Biogeography and Ecology in Tasmania,Chapt. 11. The Hague: Junk, pp. 291-338 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1937. A review of the genus Lygosoma (Scincidae: Reptilia) and its allies. Records of the Indian Museum 39 (3): 213-234
  • Taylor, R. J.;Dudley, A.;Gale, P. G. 1993. Reptiles and amphibians in sclerophyll forest surrounding Old Chum Dam in north-eastern Tasmania. Herpetofauna (Sydney) 23 (1): 26-31
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
  • Wu, Q., Fong, C.K., Thompson, M.B. and Murphy, C.R. 2014. Changes to the uterine epithelium during the reproductive cycle of two viviparous lizard species (Niveoscincus spp.). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 96: 497–509, DOI: 10.1111/azo.12096 - get paper here
 
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