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Chilabothrus monensis (ZENNECK, 1898)

IUCN Red List - Chilabothrus monensis - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaBoidae (Boinae), Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mona Boa, Mona Island Boa; granti: Virgin Islands boa
G: Mona-Schlankboa 
SynonymEpicrates monensis ZENNECK 1898: 64
Epicrates monensis — STEJNEGER 1904: 692
Epicrates gracilis monensis — STIMSON 1969
Epicrates monensis — SHEPLAN & SCHWARTZ 1974: 98
Epicrates monensis — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Epicrates monensis — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 608
Epicrates monensis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 198
Chilabothrus monensis — REYNOLDS et al. 2013
Epicrates monensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 274
Chilabothrus monensis — RODRÍGUEZ-ROBLES et al. 2015
Chilabothrus monensis — REYNOLDS & HENDERSON 2018: 13
Chilabothrus monensis — REYNOLDS et al. 2023 
DistributionPuerto Rico (Mona Island)

Type locality: Mona Island, near Puerto Rico.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZMH, now destroyed 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1039 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIllustrations: Grant, 1932; MacLean, 1982; Schwartz and Henderson, 1985; Tolson, 1987; Tolson, 1989.

Subspecies: Chilabothrus monensis granti (STULL 1933) has been elevated to full species status.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Campbell, H.W. & F.G. Thompson 1978. Observations on a captive Mona Island Boa, Epicrates monensis monensis Zenneck Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 14(2): 98-99. - get paper here
  • Grant, C. 1932. Notes on the boas of Puerto Rico and Mona. J. Dept. Agric. Puerto Rico. 16 (3):327-29.
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • MacLean, W.P. 1982. Reptiles and amphibians of the Virgin Islands. MacMillan Caribbean, London: vii + 54 pp.
  • Mayer, G.C. & Lazell, J. 1988. Distributional records for reptiles and amphibians from the Puerto Rico Bank. Herpetological Review 19 91): 23-24 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Nellis,D.W.; Norton,,R.L. & MacLean,W.P. 1983. On the biogeography of the Virgin Island Boa, Epicrates monensis granti. Journal of Herpetology 17 (4): 413-417 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Parker, M.R. and Fitzgerald, L.A. 2024. Using life history to predict outcomes of conservation translocations of herpetofauna. Anim. Conserv. - get paper here
  • Reynolds, R. Graham and Robert W. Henderson 2018. Boas of the World (Superfamily Booidae): A Checklist With Systematic, Taxonomic, and Conservation Assessments. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Sep 2018, Vol. 162, No. 1: 1-58. - get paper here
  • Reynolds, R.G.; Matthew L. Niemiller; S. Blair Hedges; Alex Dornburg; Alberto R. Puente-Rolón; Liam J. Revell 2013. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of West Indian boid snakes (Chilabothrus). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution - get paper here
  • REYNOLDS, ROBERT GRAHAM; ROBERT W. HENDERSON, LUIS M. DÍAZ, TOMÁS M. RODRÍGUEZ-CABRERA AND ALBERTO R. PUENTE-ROLÓN 2023. Boas of the West Indies. Comstock Publishing / Cornell U Press - get paper here
  • Rodriguez-Robles, Javier A., Tereza Jezkova, Matthew K. Fujita, Peter J. Tolson, Miguel A. Garcia 2015. Genetic divergence and diversity in the Mona and Virgin Islands Boas, Chilabothrus monensis (Epicrates monensis) (Serpentes: Boidae), West Indian snakes of special conservation concern. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 88: 144-153; doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.019 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1988. West Indian Amphibian and Reptiles: A Checklist. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. No. 74: 264 pp. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz, A. and Henderson, R.W. 1985. A guide to the identification of the amphibians and reptiles of the West Indies exclusive of Hispaniola. Milwaukee Public Mus., 165 pp.
  • Sheplan, B.R., and Schwartz, A. 1974. Hispaniolan boas of the genus Epicrates (Serpentes, Boidae) and their Antillean relationships. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 45:57-143.
  • Stejneger, L. 1904. The herpetology of Porto Rico. Rept. United States Natl. Mus. 1902: 549-724. - get paper here
  • Stull, O.G. 1933. Two new subspecies of the family Boidae. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan (267): 1-4. - get paper here
  • Tolson, P.J. 1987. Phylogenetics of the boid snake genus Epicrates and Caribbean vicariance theory. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (715): 1-68. - get paper here
  • Tolson, P.J. 1989. Breeding the Virgin Islands boa Epicrates monensis granti at the Toledo Zoological Gardens. Int. Zoo Yrbk. 28:163-67. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zenneck, J. 1898. Die Zeichnung der Boiden. Zeitschr. Wiss. Zool. 64:1-384. - get paper here
 
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