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Cnemidophorus arubensis LIDTH DE JEUDE, 1887

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Aruba Whiptail 
SynonymCnemidophorus arubensis LIDTH DE JEUDE 1887
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus arubensis — HUMMELINCK 1940: 85
Cnemidophorus arubensis — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Cnemidophorus arubensis — COLLI et al. 2003
Cnemidophorus arubensis — HARVEY et al. 2012 
DistributionAruba Island

Type locality: Aruba  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: RMNH 710a–b, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the Cnemidophorus lemniscatus species complex distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) maximum SVL in males 127 mm (Lammerée, 1970; see remarks); (2) nostril anterior or, less often, slightly anterior to nasal suture; (3) rostral scale moderately pointed and somewhat projecting; (4) frontonasal hexagonal or octagonal, forming angular sutures with nasals; (5) first supraciliary usually separated from prefrontal or occasionally in contact; (6) scales of circumorbital semicircles 7–12 (total of both sides) in contact with supraoculars, usually extending to posterior portion of third or, rarely, anterior portion of fourth supraocular; (7) 47–72 (total of both sides) scales in a doubled or partially doubled row between supraoculars and supraciliaries; (8) mesoptychials moderately enlarged; (9) ventrals in eight (rarely 10) longitudinal and 30–33 transverse rows; (10) bisexual (gonochoristic); (11) brachials moderately enlarged and decreasing in size towards shoulder; (12) males with one anal spur at each side; spur usually broad and short, projecting from body; (13) usually two (rarely three) medium-sized (rarely small or large) scales between anal spurs and preanal shield; (14) subcaudals near base of tail weakly keeled; (15) vertebral and paravertebral stripes present in juveniles, females, and subadult males; (16) adult males in life mostly turquoise blue with brownish or tan flanks and 36–59 medium-size pale blue spots between axilla and inguinal region; (17) females in life brown with pale dorsal stripes and 30–48 pale blue spots on flanks; (18) juvenile color pattern similar to that of adult females but dorsal striping bolder [from UGUETO & HARVEY 2010].


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CommentGroup: member of the lemniscatus group, see C. lemniscatus for details.

Schall (1973) re-instated Cnemidophorus lemniscatus arubensis as a valid species. Not listed in SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988 nor in SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991 or REEDER et al. (2002). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Colli, G.R. et al. 2003. A critically endangered new species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata, Teiidae) from a Cerrado enclave in southwestern Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetologica 59 (1): 76-88 - get paper here
  • Goessling, Jeffrey M.; William I. Lutterschmidt, Howard K. Reinert, Lauretta M. Bushar, and R. Andrew Odum 2015. Multiyear Sampling Reveals an Increased Population Density of an Endemic Lizard after the Establishment of an Invasive Snake on Aruba. Journal of Herpetology Sep 2015, Vol. 49, No. 3: 358-363. - get paper here
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Hummelinck, P. W. 1940. Studies on the fauna of Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire and the Venezuelan Islands: No. 2. A survey of the mammals, lizards and mollusks. ['Gymnophthalmus laevicaudus: 80]. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands. 1:59—108
  • Lidth de Jeude, Th. W. van. 1887. On a collection of reptiles and fishes from the West-Indies. Notes from the Leyden Museum 9: 129—139. - get paper here
  • Maslin, T. & Secoy, D.M. 1986. A checklist of the lizard genus Cnemidophorus (Teiidae). Contr. Zool. Univ. Colorado Mus. 1: 1-60
  • REEDER, T.W.; CHARLES J. COLE AND HERBERT C. DESSAUER 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships of Whiptail Lizards of the Genus Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae): A Test of Monophyly, Reevaluation of Karyotypic Evolution, and Review of Hybrid Origins. American Museum Novitates 3365: 1-64 - get paper here
  • Schall, J.J. 1973. Relations among three macroteiid lizards on Aruba Island. Journal of Herpetology 7 (3): 289-95 - get paper here
  • Schall, J.J. 1974. Population structure of the Aruban whiptail lizard (Cnemidophorus arubensis) in various habitats Herpetologica 30 (1): 38-44. - get paper here
  • Schall, J.J. 1986. Prevalence and Virulence of a Haemogregarine Parasite of the Aruban Whiptail Lizard, Cnemidophorus arubensis Journal of Herpetology 20 (3): 318-324. - get paper here
  • Schall, J.J. & S. Ressel 1991. Toxic plant compounds and the diet of the predominantly herbivorous whiptail lizard, Cnemidophorus arubensis Copeia 1991 (1): 111-119. - get paper here
  • Schall, Jos. J. 1983. Small Clutch Size in a Tropical Whiptail Lizard (Cnemidophorus arubensis) Journal of Herpetology 17 (4): 406-408 - get paper here
  • Ugueto, Gabriel N. and Michael B. Harvey 2010. Southern Caribbean Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae): Description of New Species and Taxonomic Status of C. murinus ruthveni Burt. Herpetological Monographs 24 (1): 111-148 - get paper here
 
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