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Coleodactylus meridionalis BOULENGER, 1888

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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Meridian Gecko
Portuguese: Briba, Calanguinho, Lagartixa, Lagartinho, Lagartixinha-Anã, Lagarto-do-Folhiço 
SynonymSphaerodactylus meridionalis BOULENGER 1888: 40
Coleodactylus meridionalis — PARKER 1926: 300
Coleodactylus meridionalis — PARKER 1935: 515
Coleodactylus meridionalis — VANZOLINI 1957: 2
Coleodactylus meridionalis — WERMUTH 1965: 18
Coleodactylus meridionalis — RÖSLER 2000: 63
Coleodactylus meridionalis — RODRIGUES-GEURGAS et al. 2008
Coleodactylus meridionalis — GAMBLE et al. 2011
Coleodactylus meridionalis — RIBEIRO et al. 2013
Coleodactylus meridionalis — MARAGNO et al. 2015
Coleodactylus meridionalis — SANTOS et al. 2023 
DistributionS Brazil (Bahia, Pará, Ceará, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Sergipe, Piaui)

Type locality: Igarassu, Pernambuco, Brazil.  
Reproduction 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.8.30.84-85 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): A miniaturized species complex of diurnal sphaerodactyl geckos. SVL 20–28 mm (Vanzolini, 1968b; Avila-Pires, 1995). Snout elongate. Pupil round. Body cylindrical. Dorsal scales smooth or imbricate. Claws enclosed in an ungual sheath consisting of five scales.
Coleodactylus is a miniaturized species complex of diurnal sphaerodactyl geckos that can be differentiated from all other gekkotans by the following unique combination of characters: (1) claws enclosed in ungual sheath consisting of five scales (Parker, 1926; Vanzolini, 1957; Avila-Pires, 1995); (2) smooth or imbricate scales on dorsal body surface (Vanzolini, 1957; Avila-Pires, 1995), present in most other gekkotans; (3) ascending nasal process separates nasals approximately one quarter their length, one of the shortest among sphaerodactyl geckos (Daza et al., 2008); (4) proximal portion of metatarsal IV not very expanded; and (5) two separate deletions of 18 and 6 bp in exon 1 (in Gallus) of RAG1 [from GAMBLE et al. 2011]. 
CommentSynonymy: Hoogmoed 1985 and Avila-Pires 1995: 251 listed C. meridionalis as a synonym of C. septentrionalis, but Rodrigues-Geurgas et al. 2008 found a clade corresponding to meridionalis to be separate from septentrionalis.

Distribution: Probably also in Bolivia (fide LANGSTROTH 2005). For maps of species distributions see Vanzolini 1968: 93 (Map 4).

Type species: Sphaerodactylus meridionalis BOULENGER 1888 is the type species of the genus Coleodactylus PARKER 1926. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin meridionalis, southern, from the south, meridonal.

The genus name was derived from the Greek words koleos, meaning “sheath”, and Greek dactylos = finger, in reference to the sheathed claws of this genus. 
References
  • Almeida, Rony Peterson Santos, Igor Rios Do Rosário and Eduardo José Dos Reis Dias. 2015. Coleodactylus meridionalis predation. Herpetological Review 46 (3): 432-433 - get paper here
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  • Avila-Pires, T.C.S. & Hoogmoed,M.S. 2000. On two new species of Pseudogonatodes Ruthven, 1915 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae), with remarks on the distribution of some other sphaerodactyl lizards. Zoologische Mededelingen 73 (12): 209-223 - get paper here
  • Bezerra, P. E. S., Santana, F. M., & de Moura, G. J. B. 2021. Sustainability assessment of a lizard assemblage in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Journal for Nature Conservation, 125957
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