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Comptus stenurus (COPE, 1862)

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Higher TaxaDiploglossidae, Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesComptus stenurus stenurus (COPE 1862)
Comptus stenurus alloeides (SCHWARTZ 1964)
Comptus stenurus rugosus (COPE 1879)
Comptus stenurus weinlandi (COPE 1868) 
Common NamesE: Hispaniolan Keeled Galliwasp, Cope's Galliwasp 
SynonymDiploglossus stenurus COPE 1862 (1863): 188
Celestus stenurus — COPE 1879: 272
Diploglossus stenurus stenurus — SCHWARTZ 1964: 8
Celestus stenurus stenurus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Celestus stenurus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 378
Comptus stenurus — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021

Comptus stenurus alloeides (SCHWARTZ 1964)
Diploglossus stenurus alloeides SCHWARTZ 1964: 18
Celestus stenurus alloeides — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Celestus stenurus alloeides — HEDGES et al. 2019
Comptus stenurus alloeides — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 (by implication)

Comptus stenurus rugosus (COPE 1879)
Celestus rugosus COPE 1879
Diploglossus stenurus rugosus — SCHWARTZ 1964: 14
Celestus stenurus rugosus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Celestus stenurus rugosus — WWW 2008
Celestus stenurus rugosus — HEDGES et al. 2019
Comptus stenurus rugosus — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 (by implication)

Comptus stenurus weinlandi (COPE 1868)
Celestus weinlandi COPE 1868: 125
Diploglossus stenurus weinlandi — SCHWARTZ 1964: 10
Celestus stenurus weinlandi — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Celestus rugosus weinlandi — WWW 2008
Celestus rugosus weinlandi — HEDGES et al. 2019
Comptus stenurus weinlandi — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 (by implication) 
DistributionAntilles, Hispaniola, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Ile-a-Vache, Ile Grande Cayemite, Ile a Cabrit

stenurus: Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti; Île-à-Vache; intergrades with C. s. weinlandi in Port-au-Prince area. Type locality: Near Jérémie, Département de la Grand'Anse, Haiti.

alloeides: Peninsula de Samanà, República Dominicana; intergrades with C. s. rugosus on mainland in vicinity of base of peninsula.

rugosus: northern Haiti into northwestern República Dominicana, thence throughout much of the eastern portion of that country; Cayos Siete Hermanos.

weinlandi: Haiti, from Gonaïves and Ennery southeast along Golfe de la Gonâve to Plaine de Cul de Sac, thence east into Llanos de Azua and Barahona, República Dominicana; Île à Cabrit.

INCERTAE SEDIS: Material from Île Grande Cayemite and Jacmel, as well as interior Haiti near Mirebalais, unassigned subspecifically.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 3612
Holotype: MCZ 77152 [alloeides]
Holotype: USNM 10260 [rugosus]
Holotype: USNM 12145 [weinlandi] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (4433 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentFor illustrations see Boulenger, 1885 (as Diploglossus striatus); Cochran, 1941 (as C.costatus); Grant, 1951 (as C. costatus); Schwartz, 1964 d.

Type species: Celestus striatus is the type species of the genus Celestus GRAY 1838: 288 (fide PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970). Content (Cestesus s. str., fide Schools & Hedges 2021): 11 species: Celestus barbouri, C. crusculus, C. duquesneyi, C. fowleri, C. hewardii, C. macrolepis, C. macrotus, C. microblepharis, C. molesworthi, C. occiduus, and C. striatus.

Type species: Diploglossus stenurus COPE 1862 (1863): 188 is the type species of the genus Comptus SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021. Content. Three species: Comptus badius, C. maculatus, and C. stenurus.

Higher taxa: Celestus is here assigned to Diploglossidae based on the paraphyly within Anguimorpha in Zheng & Wiens 2016. Most other recent authors included the genus in Anguidae: Diploglossinae.

Conservation: While SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 considered Celestus striatus to be a valid species, it’s possible that the species has already gone extinct.

Habitat: Comptus and Panolopus have both ground and tree-adapted ecomorphs (Schools et al. 2022). 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Cochran, D.M. 1941. The herpetology of Hispaniola. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 177: vii + 398 pp. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1863. Contributions to Neotropical saurology. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14 [1862]: 176-188. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1868. An examination of the Reptilia and Batrachia obtained by the Orton Expedition to Equador and the Upper Amazon, with notes on other species. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20: 96-140 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1879. Eleventh contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 18: 261-277. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Fischer, J.G. 1888. Über eine Kollektion Reptilien und Amphibien von Hayti. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst. 5: 23-45. - get paper here
  • Grant, C. 1951. The specific characters of the Celesti, with description of a new species of Celestus (Sauria: Anguidae). Copeia 1951 (1): 67-69. - get paper here
  • Greer, A.E. 1967. Notes on the mode of reproduction in anguid lizards. Herpetologica 23 (2): 94-99 - get paper here
  • Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53
  • Schools, M., Kasprowicz, A., & Hedges, S. B. 2022. Phylogenomic data resolve the historical biogeography and ecomorphs of Neotropical forest lizards (Squamata, Diploglossidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 107577 - get paper here
  • SCHOOLS, MOLLY & S. BLAIR HEDGES 2021. Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the Neotropical forest lizards (Squamata, Diploglossidae). Zootaxa 4974 (2): 201–257 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz,A. 1964. Diploglossus costatus Cope (Sauria: Anguidae) and its relatives in Hispaniola. Reading Public Museum and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. 13: 1-57
  • Thomas, R. and S. B. Hedges. 1989. A new Celestus (Sauria: Anguidae) from the Chaine de Ia Selle of Haiti. Copeia 1989 (4): 886-891 - get paper here
  • Zheng, Yuchi; John J. Wiens 2016. Combining phylogenomic and supermatrix approaches, and a time-calibrated phylogeny for squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) based on 52 genes and 4162 species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 94: 537–547, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009 - get paper here
 
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