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Corytophanes percarinatus DUMÉRIL, 1856

IUCN Red List - Corytophanes percarinatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaCorytophanidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Keeled Helmeted Iguana, Keeled Helmeted Basilisk
S: Turipache de Hojarasca 
SynonymCorytophanes percarinatus DUMÉRIL 1856: 518
Corytophanes cristata — SALVIN 1860: 453
Corytophanes percarinatus — BOULENGER 1885: 102
Corythophanes percarinatus — STUART 1948
Corytophanes percarinatus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 69
Corytophanes percarinatus — MERTENS 1952: 46
Corytophanes percarinatus — PETERS et al. 1970: 101
Corytophanes percarinatus — LINER 1994
Corytophanes percristatus — ARNOLD 1994: 512 (in error)
Corytophanes percarinatus — KÖHLER 2000: 74
Corytophanes percarinatus — MCCRANIE 2018
Corytophanes percarinatus — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionMexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras; elevation usually 1300-2200 m, but occasionally as low as 200 m.

Type locality: Ascuintla (= Escuintla), Guatemala.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2117 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS. Corytophanes percarinatus is most easily distinguished from C. hernandesii by having a well-developed nuchal crest that is continuous with the middorsal crest, and from C. cristatus by having keeled to strongly rugose or striated dorsal head scales and a prominent squamosal spine present above the tympanum. Corytophanes percarinatus is also the only species in the genus that is viviparous. The species differs from other members of the family Corytophanidae by having a triangular-shaped head casque projecting posteriorly past the head. The casque is formed by sharply raised ridges extending from the canthal region, above the eye, and continuing posteriorly to form a raised casque. The ridges forming the posterior edge of the casque unite and thereafter curve downward onto the neck to form a contiuum with the nuchal and middorsal crests. (Townsend et al. 2004)


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Comment 
EtymologyThe name percarinatus is derived from the Latin words per (very) and carinatus (keeled), and alludes to the keeled or rugose dorsal head scales. 
References
  • Alvarez DEL TORO, M. 1982. Los Reptiles de Chiapas. 3rd ed. México: Tuxtla Gutiérrez, 248 pp.
  • Arnold E N 1994. Investigating the evolutionary effects of one feature on another: does muscle spread suppress caudal autotomy in lizards? Journal of Zoology 232: 505-523 - get paper here
  • Blackburn, Daniel G. 1999. Are Viviparity and Egg-guarding Evolutionarily Labile in Squamates? Herpetologica 55 (4): 556-573 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Castillo-Cabrera, F. J., Roldán, R. A., Barrios, M., Burgos-Barrios, C. L., Grajeda, A. L., García, M. J., ... & Orellana, K. S. 2025. Contribution to the knowledge of urban biodiversity in Central America: A checklist to the species of Guatemala City. Neotropical Biology and Conservation, 20(1), 59-66 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. H. A. 1856. Description des reptiles nouveaux ou imparfaitement connus de la collection du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle et remarques sur la classification et les charactères des reptiles. Archives du Muséum Hist. Nat. Paris, 8: 438—588. - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Johnson, J.D. 1989. A biogeographic analysis of the herpetofauna of northwestern Nuclear Central America. Milwaukee Public Mus. Contrib. in Biol. and Geol. no. 76, 66 pp. - get paper here
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Leenders, T. 2004. Der Nationalpark “El Imposible” in El Salvador. Reptilia (Münster) 9 (48): 45-49 - get paper here
  • McCranie, J.R. & Wilson,L.D. 1998. Corytophanes percarinatus (Keeled Helmeted Basilisk). Honduras: Ocotepeque. Herpetological Review 29 (3): 174 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2018. The Lizards, Crocodiles, and Turtles of Honduras. Systematics, Distribution, and Conservation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Special Publication Series (2): 1- 666 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1952. Die Amphibien und Reptilien von El Salvador. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) (No. 487): 120 pp.
  • Salvin,O. 1860. On the reptiles of Guatemala. Proc. zool. Soc. London 1860: 451-461 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. 1949. Miscellaneous notes on Mexican lizards. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 39: 34-43.
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L. C. 1948. The amphibians and reptiles of Alta Verapaz Guatamala. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 69: 1-109 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L.C. 1963. A checklist of the herpetofauna of Guatemala. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (No. 122): 1-150 - get paper here
  • Townsend, J.H.; McCranie, J.R. & Wilson,L.D. 2004. Corytophanes percarinatus Duméril. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (791): 1-3 - get paper here
  • Vieira, G. H. C., Colli, G. R. & Báo, S. N. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of corytophanid lizards (Iguania, Squamata, Reptilia) based on partitioned and total evidence analyses of sperm morphology, gross morphology, and DNA data. Zoologica Scripta 34 (6): 605-625. - get paper here
  • Wilson, L.D. & McCranie, J.R. 2003. The conservation status of the herpetofauna of Honduras. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 3 (1): 6-33 - get paper here
 
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