You are here » home advanced search search results Craspedocephalus gramineus

Craspedocephalus gramineus (SHAW, 1802)

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Craspedocephalus gramineus?

Add your own observation of
Craspedocephalus gramineus »

We have no photos, try to find some by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Common Bamboo Viper
G: Grüne Bambusotter, Gewöhnliche Bambusotter 
SynonymColuber gramineus SHAW 1802: 420
Coluber viridis BECHSTEIN 1802: 252
Vipera viridis DAUDIN 1803 (fide SMITH 1943)
Trimeresurus elegans GRAY 1853: 391 (fide STEJNEGER 1907)
Trimeresurus viridis — BEDDOME 1862 (fide SMITH 1943)
Trimeresurus gramineus — GÜNTHER 1864: 385
Trimeresurus gramineus — BOULENGER 1890: 429
Lachesis graminaeus — BOULENGER 1896: 554
Lachesis gramineus — DE ROOIJ 1917: 285
Lachesis graminea — WALL 1919
Trimeresurus gramineus — SMITH 1943: 515
Trimeresurus gramineus — MENTHEY 1983
Trimeresurus gramineus — WELCH 1994: 115
Trimeresurus gramineus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 334
Trimeresurus gramineus — GUMPRECHT et al. 2004
Trimeresurus gramineus — MALHOTRA & THORPE 2004
Trimeresurus (Craspedocephalus) gramineus — DAVID et al. 2011
Craspedocephalus gramineus — GUMPRECHT 2012
Craspedocephalus gramineus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 187
Craspedocephalus gramineus — GUO et al. 2018
Craspedocephalus gramineus — MALLIK et al. 2021: 603
Peltopelor gramineus — MIRZA et al. 2023
Trimeresurus gramineus — PALITA et al. 2023
Craspedocephalus (Peltopelor) gramineus — IDIIATULLINA et al. 2023 (by implication) 
DistributionS India (Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra (Tung fort, Ulhas valley, Valvan, Harishchandragad fort) [A. Captain, pers. Comm.], Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Telangana, Odisha)

Type locality: Vizagapatam, India [17°41’N; 83°13’E]. (based on RUSSELL 1796)  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: iconotype, based on pl. 9 ("Bodroo Pam") in Russell, 1796: 13. Paratypes: (probably) BMNH 1946.1.17.64, 1946.1.17.65, 1946.1.17.68, 1946.1.17.72, 1946.1.18.82, 1946.1.19.87 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2641 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: STEJNEGER (1907) synonymizes Trigonocephalus erythrurus CANTOR, 1839 with Trimeresurus gramineus. Kaiser et al. 2013 considered the generic names Adelynhoserea Hoser 2012, Oxyus Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected their use instead of Trimeresurus. Trimeresurus occidentalis has been resurrected from synonymy by Mallik et al. 2021.

Distribution: Possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012).

Subspecies: Trimeresurus gramineus barati and T. g. sabahi have been elevated to species status.

Distribution: Not in Pakistan fide KHAN 2002 (pers. comm.). Not listed for the Nicobars by VIJAYAKUMAR & DAVID 2006. Not in China fide VOGEL 2006. Populations previously now belonging to other species have been identified as this species, which has resulted in reports from Pakistan, Nepal, S China, Taiwan, Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands, Philippine Islands (fide MANTHEY 1983).

Type species: Vipera viridis Daudin, 1803 used to be considered as the type species of the genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804:209. T. gramineus is also the type species of Trimeresurus LACÉPÈDE 1804 sensu strictu based on a reclassification suggested by MALHOTRA & THORPE 2004. This genus would be then diagnosed by the possession of a Type 2 spinose hemipenis, and were distributed in the ‘‘Indian subcontinent’’ (including Sri Lanka), and the Indomalayan region. However, DAVID et al. 2011 designated T. insularis as type species of the genus Trimeresurus.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyStuebing & Inger (1999) state that the generic name is derived from “Tri” = three, “mere” = part, and “surus” from Greek “[o]ura” = tail (compare Urodela). The name may have been chosen by Lacépède (1804) because of the tripartite pattern of the snake’s tail. 
References
  • Amberkar, Prathamesh; Manan Mehta 2021. Tail-vibrating Behavior in a Bamboo Pitviper, Trimeresurus gramineus (Shaw 1802) (Squamata: Viperidae). Reptiles & Amphibians 28 (1): 10 - get paper here
  • Anderson, J. 1871. On some Indian reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1871: 149-211 - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1909. Notes on Amphibia and Reptilia from Eastern Asia. Proc. New England zool. Club 4: 53-78, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Bechstein, J. M. 1802. Herrn de Lacépède's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfüssigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte aus dem Französischen übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusätzen versehen. Weimar: Industrie Comptoir - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
  • Boerema, H. 1981. Kweekresultaten [Breeding results]: Trimeresurus gramineus. Litteratura Serpentium 1 (4): 157-158 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1897. List of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Mr. Alfred Everett in Lombok, Flores, Sumba and Saru, with descriptions of new species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 19: 503-509 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A., Annandale, N., Wall, F. & Regan, C.T. 1907. Reports on a collection of batrachia, reptiles and fish from Nepal and the western Himalayas. Lacertilia. Records of the Indian Museum 1:149—155 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Cantor, T. E. 1839. Spicilegium serpentium indicorum [part 1]. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1839: 31-34 - get paper here
  • Chowdhury, Subhadeep; Arpita Dutta, Anirban Chaudhuri, and Sudip Ghosh 2017. Notes on the occurrence of the Bamboo Pitviper, Trimeresurus cf. gramineus (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae), from southwestern West Bengal, India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 24 (3): 168–171 - get paper here
  • DAVID, PATRICK; GERNOT VOGEL & ALAIN DUBOIS 2011. On the need to follow rigorously the Rules of the Code for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae). Zootaxa 2992: 1–51 - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. DE 1917. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Il. Ophidia. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 334 S. - get paper here
  • Deshmukh, Rahul V.; Sagar A. Deshmukh, Swapnil A. Badhekar, and Roshan Y. Naitame 2020. Snakes of Bhandara District, Maharashtra, Central India with notes on natural history. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (1): 10–17 - get paper here
  • Dreckmann, F. 1908. Breeding habits of some Snakes and Lizards. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 434 - get paper here
  • Dutta, S.K., M.V. Nair, P.P. Mohapatra and A.K. Mahapatra. 2009. Amphibians and reptiles of Similipal Biosphere Reserve. Regional Plant Resouce Centre, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S. R.; M. Arumugam 2016. Species Richness of Montane Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India: A Historical Resume and a Descriptive Checklist. Russ. J. Herpetol. 23 (1): 7-24 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu 2020. Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India. JoTT 12 (9): 16123–16135 - get paper here
  • Gumprecht, A.; Tillack, F.; Orlov, N.L.; Captain, A. & Ryabow, S. 2004. Asian pitvipers. Geitje Books, Berlin, 368 pp.
  • Gumprecht, Andreas 2012. Aktuelles zur Taxonomie und Systematik asiatischer Grubenottern. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (1): 52-61 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Guo, Peng; Qin Liu, Guanghui Zhong, Fei Zhu, Fang Yan, Ting Tang, Rong Xiao, Min Fang, Ping Wang and Xin Fu 2015. Cryptic diversity of green pitvipers in Yunnan, South-west China (Squamata, Viperidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 36 (3): 265 - 276 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Hofmann, S., P. Fritzsche & G. Miehe 2016. A new record of Elaphe dione from high altitude in Western Sichuan reveals high intraspecific differentiation. Salamandra 52 (3): 273-277 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R. 2012. A new genus of Asian pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 11: 51-52 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R.T. 2012. A revision of the Asian pitvipers, referred to the genus Cryptelytrops Cope, 1860, with the creation of a new genus Adelynhoserea to accommodate six divergent species (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 12:06–8. - get paper here
  • Idiiatullina SS, Pawangkhanant P, Tawan T, Worranuch T, Dechochai B, Suwannapoom C, Nguyen TV, Chanhome L, Poyarkov NA 2023. Limestone jewel: A new colourful karst-dwelling pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae: Trimeresurus) from the poorly explored borderlands of southern peninsular Thailand. Vertebrate Zoology 73: 697-716 - get paper here
  • Jigar, Solanki; Khare Rounak and Andhale Atmaram Vitthal 2022. CHECKLIST OF SNAKES FOUND IN MAVAL TALUKA, PUNE, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. CIBTech Journal of Zoology 11: 182-192 - get paper here
  • Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O’Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
  • Kalki, Yatin; Chayant Gonsalves , Daniel B. Wylie , Karthik A. K. Sundaram and Tristan D. Schramer 2021. Annotated checklist of the snakes of Bengaluru Urban District, Karnataka, India with notes on their natural history, distribution, and population trends over the last 150 years. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (2): 26-41 - get paper here
  • Karthik, Pandi; Ayuthavel Kalaimani, Rathinalingam Nagarajan 2018. An inventory on herpetofauna with emphasis on conservation from Gingee Hills, Eastern-Ghats, Southern India. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 7 (1): 2-16 - get paper here
  • Khanduri, S., Thirumurugan, V., CS, V., Chinnasamy, R., Das, A., & Talukdar, G. 2022. A note on opportunistic records of reptiles from the Moyar River Valley Landscape, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Journal of Animal Diversity 4 (4) - get paper here
  • Kopstein, F. 1938. Ein Beitrag zur Eierkunde und zur Fortpflanzung der Malaiischen Reptilien. Bull. Raffles Mus. No 14: 81-167
  • Kopstein, Felix 1938. Ueber die systemstische Stellung der Art Trimeresurus gramineus (Shaw) von den Sunda-Inselin. Treubia 16 (3): 325-333 - get paper here
  • Kulkarni, Mayuresh; Samruddha Patil, Ameya Kulkarni 2020. An unusual yellow morph of the Bamboo Pitviper, Trimeresurus gramineus (Shaw 1802), from Amboli, Maharashtra. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (3): 460-461 - get paper here
  • LaCépède, B. G. E. L. 1804. Mémoire sur plusieurs animaux de la Nouvelle- Hollande dont la description n’a pas encore été publiée. Annales du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4:184-211 - get paper here
  • Lenz, Norbert 2012. Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen - Natur und Kultur in Bhutan. Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe, 124 pp.
  • Leviton, A.E. 1964. Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes. V. The snakes of the genus Trimeresurus. Philippine J. Sci. 93: 251-276 - get paper here
  • Maheta, J., Thakor, R., Shankhala, P., Prajapati, D., Zala, A., Bharavad, L., ... & Patel, S. 2023. Updated checklist of snakes with the first record of Spalerosophis arenarius in Gujarat and range extensions of five fpecies of snakes in the northern region of Gujarat, India. Reptiles & Amphibians 30 (1): e18403 - get paper here
  • Majumder, Joydeb; Partha Pratim Bhattacharjee, Koushik Majumdar, Chiranjib Debnath and Basant Kumar Agarwala 2012. Documentation of herpetofaunal species richness in Tripura, northeast India. NeBIO 3 (1): 60-70 - get paper here
  • Malhotra, Anita & Thorpe, Roger S. 2004. A phylogeny of four mitochondrial gene regions suggests a revised taxonomy for Asian pitvipers (Trimeresurus and Ovophis). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 83 –100 [erratum p. 680] - get paper here
  • Mallik AK, Srikanthan AN, Ganesh SR, Vijayakumar SP, Campbell PD, Malhotra A, Shanker K 2021. Resolving pitfalls in pit viper systematics – A multi-criteria approach to species delimitation in pit vipers (Reptilia, Viperidae, Craspedocephalus) of Peninsular India reveals cryptic diversity. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 577-619 - get paper here
  • Manthey,U. 1983. Exkursion am Mt. Kinabalu (4101 m), Nordborneo, Teil 3: Checkliste der Herpetofauna oberhalb 600 m ü. NN. Herpetofauna 5 (23): 20-31 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Mertens, R. 1930. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Inseln Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa und Flores. Senck. Naturf. Gesell., Frankfurt am Main, Abhandl. 42(3): 117-344.
  • Mirza ZA, H. T. Lalremsanga, Bhosale H, Gowande G, Patel H, Idiatullina SS, Poyarkov NA 2023. Systematics of Trimeresurus popeiorum Smith, 1937 with a revised molecular phylogeny of Asian pitvipers of the genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 sensu lato. Evolutionary Systematics 7(1): 91-104 - get paper here
  • MOTIWALA, REYHAN; MANDAR SAWANT & PRAMOD AHER. 2022. Construction affects the numbers and sizes of Common Bamboo Pit Vipers, Craspedocephalus gramineus (Shaw 1802), at the Matheran Hill Station in Maharashtra, India. Reptiles & Amphibians 29(1): 37–38. - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • Palita, S.K., Das, A.K. & Mahata, A. 2023. Diversity and Distribution Pattern of Herpetofauna in Tropical Forest Microhabitats of Eastern Ghats, Odisha. Proc Zool Soc. - get paper here
  • Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; and Raju Vyas 2019. Reptiles of Gujarat, India: Updated Checklist, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Herpetology Notes 12: 765-777 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; Raju Vyas, Vaibhav Naik, Bhautik Dudhatra & Shantilal K. Tank 2018. Herpetofauna of the Northern Western Ghats of Gujarat, India. Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2018.1499237 - get paper here
  • Poel, T.J.A.M. van der 1982. Een merkwaardig gedrag van Trimeresurus gramineus / Curious behaviour of Trimeresurus gramineus. Litteratura Serpentium 2 (5): 214-215 - get paper here
  • Poel, T.J.A.M. van der 1986. Breeding results: Trimeresurus gramineus (2x). Litteratura Serpentium 6 (1): 43-44 - get paper here
  • Pope, C.H. & Pope, S.H. 1933. A study of the green pit-vipers of southeastern Asia and Malaysia, commonly identified as Trimeresurus gramineus (SHAW), with description of a new species from Peninsular India. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 620: 1-12 - get paper here
  • Russell, P. 1796. An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, containing descriptions and drawings of each species, together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, 90 pp. - get paper here
  • Sawant, Nitin S. and Trupti D. Jadhav 2012. Factors Influencing Habitat Selection by Arboreal Pit Vipers. Zoological Science Jan 2013, Vol. 30, No. 1: 21-26. - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 1976. Records of the reptiles of Goa. Records Zool. Survey India 71 (1975): 149-167. - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Shaw, G. 1802. General Zoology, or Systematic Natural History. Vol.3, part 2. G. Kearsley, Thomas Davison, London: 313-615 - get paper here
  • Smedley, N. 1932. Amphibians and reptiles from the Cameron Highlands, Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 6: 105 - 123 [1931] - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1910. The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 38: 91-114 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, Leonhard 1927. The green pit viper, Trimeresurus gramineus, in China. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 72 (19): 1-10 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here
  • Thakur, Sanjay 2011. A note on snakes of Kanha National Park and surrounding areas. Reptile Rap (11): 2-4 - get paper here
  • Vijayakumar, S. P. and Patrick David 2006. Taxonomy, Natural History, and Distribution of the Snakes of the Nicobar Islands (INDIA), based on new materials and with an Emphasis on endemic species. Russ. J. Herpetol. 13 (1): 11 – 40
  • Visvanathan, A., Anne, S., Kolli, A. K., & Vangari, S. M. 2022. Snakes of Telangana: An annotated checklist with new locality records and notes on natural history. Reptiles & Amphibians, 29(1), 279-285 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Herptofauna of Puma Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India. Reptile Rap (8): 10-15 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2013. Snake diversity and voluntary rescue practice in the cities of Gujarat State, India: an evaluation. Reptile Rap (15): 27-39 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1905. A Popular Treatise on the Common Indian Snakes. Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 533-554 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1906. The poisonous snakes of India and how to recognize them, Part II. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 299-334 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1913. A gravid Lachesis gramineus. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 23: 378 - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1908. Notes on a collection of snakes from the Khasi Hills, Assam. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 312-337 - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1919. Notes on a collection of Snakes made in the Nilgiri Hills and the adjacent Wynaad. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 552-584 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Whitaker, Romulus and Ashok Captain 2004. Snakes of India. Draco Books, 500 pp., reprinted 2007 - get paper here
  • Winchell, S. 2003. The wide world of snakes in China. Reptilia (GB) (31): 12-21 - get paper here
  • Winchell, S. 2003. Die vielfältige Welt chinesischer Schlangen. Reptilia (Münster) 8 (44): 20-29 - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Craspedocephalus&species=gramineus

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator