Crotalus ericsmithi CAMPBELL & FLORES-VILLELA, 2008
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Higher Taxa | Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
Subspecies | |
Common Names | E: Guerreran Long-tailed Rattlesnake S: Cascabel Cola-larga de Guerrero |
Synonym | Crotalus ericsmithi CAMPBELL & FLORES-VILLELA 2008 Cummingea ericsmithi — HOSER 2009 Crotalus ericsmithi — REYES-VELASCO et al. 2013 Crotalus ericsmithi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 190 |
Distribution | SW Mexico (Guerrero) Type locality: Carretera La Laguna–Bajitos de la Laguna, Guerrero, Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico, 1037 m elevation, 17.55330° N, 100.77472° W. |
Reproduction | ovovivparous |
Types | Holotype: UTA R-55372, adult male. The type was collected as it crawled along the |
Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Distinguished from all other rattlesnakes except C. stejnegeri and C. lannomi in having a long tail (15.9% of TL in adult male holotype) with a tiny rattle (proximal rattle segment 2.2 mm in holotype). Canthals relatively large and separated by two (anteriorly) or a single (posteriorly) small scales (canthals moderately small and sepa- rated by two or three large scales in C. stejnegeri and C. lannomi); intersupraoculars relatively small, 5 (somewhat smaller, 6–8, rarely 5, in C. stejnegeri; large and flat, 4, in C. lannomi); first pair of infralabials mostly separated by the mental (in broad contact in C. stejnegeri and C. lannomi); the second pair of infralabials in broad contact with chin-shields (often excluded or in narrow contact in C. stejnegeri); ventrals 172 in single male (172–178 in male C. stejnegeri); subcaudals 41 (42–45 in male C. stejnegeri); hemipenis with spines on proximal portion of lobes grading abruptly to calyces and large ridged calyces covering apex of each lobe (spines gradually grading to calyces and distal portion of lobe smooth in C. stejnegeri). The type of C. ericsmithi has a longer tail (15.9% of TL) and proportionally smaller rattle (proximal segment 2.2 mm) than any known species of rattlesnake. In C. lannomi the dorsal head and body markings appear to be slightly more boldly outlined in black than the other two species of long-tailed rattlesnakes and the dark lower border of the postocular stripe continues beneath and in front of the eye to merge with the dark border of the snout blotch; the postocular stripe reaches the rictus, whereas it is separated from the rictus by the ultimate supralabial in C. ericsmithi. In C. lannomi the pale bar across the middle third of the supraocular is not well defined and black markings on these scales are irregular. Crotalus lannomi has two (vs. one in C. ericsmithi) occipital spots. Crotalus lannomi differs from C. stejnegeri by having fewer prefoveals (5 vs. 7–8), fewer intersupraoculars (4 vs. 7–8), and fewer middorsal body blotches (31 vs. 34–43). Crotalus lannomi appears to have a somewhat stouter body than either C. ericsmithi or C. stejnegeri. |
Comment | Venomous! Nomenclature: Hoser’s 2009 classification and nomenclature has been rejected as unnecessary and unavailable by WÜSTER & BERNILS 2011. |
Etymology | Named for Eric N. Smith. |
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