Ctenotus gemmula STORR, 1974

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Higher Taxa	Scincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Jewelled South-west Ctenotus
Synonym	Ctenotus gemmula STORR 1974 Ctenotus gemmula — COGGER 1983: 146 Ctenotus gemmula — COGGER 2000: 425 Ctenotus gemmula — WILSON & SWAN 2010
Distribution	Australia (Western Australia) Type locality: South Perth, in 32° 00’ S, 115° 49’ E, W. A.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: WAM R29640
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: A small member of the labillardieri group, distinguishable from labillardieri by its broken white dorsolateral stripe and narrower subdigital calli, and from delli by its 8 (rather than 7) upper labials and legs boldly blotched (not obscurely dotted) with black (Storr 1974: 91). Description. Snout-vent length (mm): 31-58 (50.0). Length of appendages (% SVL): tail 163-203 (188); foreleg 21-29 (23.8); hindleg 34-47 (39.8). Nasals separated (rarely touching). Prefron tals usually narrowly separated, occasionally in short contact. Supraoculars 4, first 2 in contact with frontal. Supraciliaries 6-8 (6.9). Palpe brals 8-12 (10.4). Second loreal 1.1-1.7 (1.34) times as wide as high. Upper labials 8. Ear lobules 2-5 (3.4), acute or subacute in adults, second usually largest. Nuchals 2-4 (3.3). Mid-body scale rows 24-28 (24.7). Lamellae under fourth toe 23-27 (24.9), each with a dark obtuse keel. Dorsally olive grey, unmarked except for narrow black laterodorsal line from brow to base of tail. A dorsolateral series of short white dashes from brow to base of tail. Black upper lateral zone with or without a series of white spots, extending forward as a broken stripe through orbit nearly to tip of snout and backward on to proximal quarter of tail. White midlateral stripe wavy or broken into series of short dashes. Narrow dark grey lower lateral zone variably marked with white. Legs yellowish brown boldly marked with black and white (Storr 1974: 91).
Comment	Limb morphology: 5 digits, 5 toes (Singhal et al. 2018, Cogger 2014)
References	Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp. Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384 KAY, GEOFFREY M. & J. SCOTT KEOGH 2012. Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of the Ctenotus labillardieri (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) species group and a new species of immediate conservation concern in the southwestern Australian biodiversity hotspot. Zootaxa 3390: 1–18 - get paper here Maryan, B., Browne-Cooper, R. and Bush, B. 2002. Herpetofauna Survey of the Maralla Road Bushland. Western Australian Naturalist 23: 197-205 - get paper here Singhal, Sonal; Huateng Huang, Maggie R. Grundler, María R. Marchán-Rivadeneira, Iris Holmes, Pascal O. Title, Stephen C. Donnellan, and Daniel L. Rabosky 2018. Does Population Structure Predict the Rate of Speciation? A Comparative Test across Australia’s Most Diverse Vertebrate Radiation. The American Naturalist - get paper here Storr, G. M. 1974. The genus Ctenotus (Lacertilia: Scincidae) in the South-west and Eucla Divisions of Western Australia. J R. Soc. West. Aust. 56: 86-93 [1973] Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. & Johnstone, R. E. 1981. Lizards of Western Australia. I. Skinks. Perth: University of Western Australia Press and Western Australian Museum, 200 pp. Storr, G. M.; L. A. Smith, and R. E. Johnstone 1999. Lizards of Western Australia. I. Skinks. Revised Edition. Western Australian Museum Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.arod.com.au/arod/reptilia/Squamata/Scincidae/Ctenotus/gemmula Google images

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