Cyrtodactylus khasiensis (JERDON, 1870)
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Cyrtodactylus khasiensis
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| Higher Taxa | Gekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Khasi Hills bent-toed Gecko |
| Synonym | Pentadactylus Khasiensis JERDON 1870 Gymnodactylus khasiensis — ANDERSON 1871 Pentadactylus Khasiensis — ANDERSON 1872: 379 Gymnodactylus khasiensis — BOULENGER 1885: 44 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis — UNDERWOOD 1954 Gymnodactylus khasiensis — WERMUTH 1965: 55 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis — DAS 1997 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis — DAS & PALDEN 2000 Tenuidactylus khasiensis Cyrtodactylus (Cyrtodactylus) khasiensis — RÖSLER 2000: 64 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis — AGARWAL et al. 2018 |
| Distribution | India (Assam, Darjeeling, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills, Mizoram, Nagaland), Bhutan Type locality: Khasi Hills, Assam. Lectotype locality: “Khasi Hills”, Meghalaya state, India. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Lectotype. BMNH 1906.8.10.4 (former ZSIK 6198), adult female, designated by Agarwal et al. 2018, collected by T.C. Jerdon, exchanged from the Indian Museum (ZSIK) in 1906, collected ca. 1870 (Jerdon 1870; BMNH specimen catalogue). Paralectotypes. ZSIK 6199, adult female, ZSIK 6197, adult male, collected along with lectotype. Syntypes (originally): ZSI 6197 and 6199 |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis and comparisons with regional congeners. A moderate sized Cyrtodactylus, snout-vent length to 81.1 mm; body relatively stout; limbs and digits moderately short; two pairs of well-developed postmentals, inner pair longer than outer and in broad contact behind mental; 19–23 longitudinal rows of keeled, oblong dorsal tubercles; 42–53 paravertebral tubercles; 34–42 mid-body ventral scale rows; no precloacal groove; 10–12 precloacal pores in a single series in males. Six to seven basal and 13–15 apical subdigital lamellae beneath Digit IV of pes with 1–3 intervening rows of non-lamellar granular scales. Subcaudal scalation of original tail with median series of paired enlarged plates, covering underside of tail entirely toward tail-tip. Dorsal pattern of approximately nine pairs of irregular, small dark spots. Original tail with approximately 11 dark bands (first two similar to dorsal spots), alternating with light brown proximally, and white distally beyond the 5th dark band. Cyrtodactylus khasiensis differs from the following species in males having 10–12 precloacal pores and no femoral pores: C. fasciolatum, C. gubernatoris, C. russelli Bauer and C. slowinskii Bauer (precloacal and femoral pores present); C. gansi Bauer and C. tamaiensis (Smith) (continuous series of ≥16 PcFP); C. mandalayensis Mahony, and C. markuscombaii (Darevsky, Helfenberger, Orlov & Shah) (≤8 femoral pores). Cyrtodactylus khasiensis is most similar morphologically to C. ayeyarwadyensis Bauer from Myanmar, C. martinstolli (Darevsky, Helfeberger, Orlov & Shah) from Nepal, and the new species from Tripura allied to C. ayeyarwadyensis, described below. Cyrtodactylus khasiensis differs from C. ayeyarwadyensis by males having fewer precloacal pores (maximum 12 vs. 28) and from C. martinstolli by males having more precloacal pores (maximum 12 vs. 8), and from the new species from Tripura by precloacal pore configuration (10–12 precloacal pores vs. 29–37 precloacofemoral pores). Comparisons with the new species are provided following the descriptions. Cyrtodactylus khasiensis can be diagnosed from C. cayuensis comb. nov. by precloacal pore count (10–12 vs. 6–9) and mid-body ventral scale rows = (34–42 vs. 28–34) (Table 2 in Agarwal et al. 2018 summarizes diagnostic characters). )from Agarwal et al. 2018). |
| Comment | Distribution: Has been erroneously reported from Bangladesh. Probably not in N Burma (Pangnamdim) [MAHONY 2009]. Reports from China represent a new species, C. dianxiensis LIU & RAO 2021. Group: The C. khasiensis group consists of 7 species: C. ayeyarwadyensis, C. guwahatiensis, C. kazirangaensis, C. khasiensis, C. septentrionalis, C. tripuraensis and C. urbanus (Purkayashta et al. 2020). Subspecies: Cyrtodactylus khasiensis tamaiensis SMITH 1940 and C. k. cayuensis have been elevated to full species status. Synonymy: Gymnodactylus himalayicus ANNANDALE 1906 has been revalidated from the synonymy of C. khasiensis by Agarwal et al. 2018. |
| Etymology | Named after the type locality. |
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