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Daboia siamensis (SMITH, 1917)

IUCN Red List - Daboia siamensis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Viperinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Eastern Russel’s Viper
G: Östliche Kettenviper
Chinese: 泰国圆斑蝰 
SynonymVipera russelli siamensis SMITH 1917: 223
Vipera russelii limitis MERTENS 1927: 183
Vipera russelli limitis — MERTENS 1930
Vipera russelli formosensis MAKI 1931: 197
Vipera russelli sublimitis KOPSTEIN 1936: 255
Vipera russelli siamensis — TAYLOR 1965: 1055
Vipera russelli burmanus MAUNG MAUNG AYE in GOPALAKRISHNAKONE & TAN1987: 83 (nom. subst.)
Daboia russelli siamensis— WELCH 1994: 51
Daboia russelii siamensis — COX et al. 1998: 18
Daboia russellii [sic] siamensis — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 221
Daboia russelii siamensis — ZHAO 2006
Daboia siamensis — THORPE et al. 2007
Daboia siamensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 208
Daboia siamensis — CHAN-ARD et al. 2015: 280
Daboia russellii limitis — NCBI TAXONOMY 2016 
DistributionChina (Kwantung, Fujian), Myanmar (= Burma), Indonesia (E Java, Komodo, Flores, Lomblen, Endeh), Thailand, Taiwan, Cambodia

Type locality: "Sam Kok, Central Siam, about 60 km. N. of Bangkok" [Thailand].  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.18.8 (formerly BMNH 1927.11.24.1)
Syntype: MZB [sublimitis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A large species reaching approximately one and a half meters in length; similar to russelli rusellii, but differing in details in markings on head. An additional series of small elongate black spots present between the dorsal and lateral series, and small irregular spots along the flanks. (Taylor 1965: 1055) 
CommentVenomous! See also D. russelii.

NCBI taxonomy ID: 338883 [limitis]

DNA barcodes suggested multiple species within this species (Laopichienpong et al. 2016).

Distribution: possibly in Yunnan (China) but records from there are questionable (Wang et al. 2022). 
EtymologyNamed after its type locality (Siam = Thailand). 
References
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Chan-ard,T.; Grossmann,W.; Gumprecht,A. & Schulz,K. D. 1999. Amphibians and reptiles of peninsular Malaysia and Thailand - an illustrated checklist [bilingual English and German]. Bushmaster Publications, Würselen, Gemany, 240 pp. [book review in Russ. J Herp. 7: 87] - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Gopalakrishnakone, P. and Tan 1987. nan Progress Venom Toxin Res., pp. 78-107
  • Iskandar, Djoko T. and Mumpuni 2002. The herpetological type specimens in the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense Collection. Hamadryad 27 (1):123-135 - get paper here
  • Kopstein, F. 1936. Herpetologische notizen XIII. Ueber Vipera russellii von Java. Treubia 15: 259-264 - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2011. The Snakes of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara), Indonesia. Asian Herpetological Research 2 (1): 46-54 - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2012. Snakes of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara), Indonesia. Edition Chimaira, 349 pp. - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2017. The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 435 pp. - get paper here
  • Laopichienpong, Nararat et al. 2016. Assessment of snake DNA barcodes based on mitochondrial COI and Cytb genes revealed multiple putative cryptic species in Thailand. Gene - get paper here
  • Neang T., Grismer, L.L., Hun S. & Phan C. 2015. New herpetofauna records and range extensions for Daboia siamensis (Smith, 1917) and Gekko petricolus Taylor, 1962 from Cambodia. Cambodian Journal of Natural History, 2015: 172–182 - get paper here
  • Phelps, T. 2010. Old World Vipers. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 558 pp. [critical review in Sauria 33 (3): 19 and HR 43: 503]
  • Smith, M.A. 1917. Descriptions of new reptiles and a new batrachian from Siam. J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 2: 221-225 - get paper here
  • Thorpe, S Roger, Pook, E Catharine, Malhotra, Anita 2007. Phylogeography of the Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) complex in relation to variation in the colour pattern and symptoms of envenoming. The Herpetological Journal 17 (4): 209-218 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
  • Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. 2022. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 22090 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Welch, K. R. G. 1994. Snakes of the World. A Checklist. I. Venomous snakes. KCM Books, Somerset, England.
  • YEE, KHIN THAN; JASON MACRANDER, OLGA VASIEVA & PONLAPAT ROJNUCKARIN. 2023. Exploring Toxin Genes of Myanmar Russell’s Viper, Daboia siamensis, through De Novo Venom Gland Transcriptomics. Toxins 15(5): 309. - get paper here
  • Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
  • Zug, G.R. & Mulcahy, D.G. 2019. Identification guide Amphibians and reptiles of South Tanintharyi. Fauna & Flora International, 101 pp.
 
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