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Diploderma vela (WANG, JIANG & CHE, 2015)

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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Draconinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sail Moutain Lizards, Sail Japalura
Chinese: Fan Bei Pan Xi (帆背龙蜥) 
SynonymJapalura vela WANG, JIANG & CHE in WANG et al. 2015
Japalura yunnanensis — VOGT 1924: 338
Japalura flaviceps — HU et al. 1987: 112
Japalura flaviceps — POPE 1935: 467
Japalura flaviceps ZHAO & JIANG 1977: 293 –298
Japalura flaviceps ZHAO et al. 1999: 111–115
Japalura flaviceps LI et al. 2010: 115
Japalura sp. A — MANTHEY et al. 2012
Diploderma vela — WANG et al. 2018 
DistributionChina (Tibet = Xizang, Yunnan)

Type locality: Quzika of Markam, eastern Tibet, PR China (29°5' N, 98°36' E), at elevation of 2370 m  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: KIZ 013801 (Figures 1–4, 6), adult male, collected by Ke JIANG and Kai WANG on May 23rd, 2013. Paratypes Two adult females (KIZ013802 and KIZ013813) and eight adult males (KIZ013800 and KIZ013805–013811) all share the same data as the holotype, collected by Ke JIANG, Kai WANG, and Duan YOU. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Following Inger’s (1960) definition of the genus, the new species is assigned to Japalura based on a number of diagnostic characters, including: 1) dorsal scales unequal in size, 2) presence of enlarged crest scales, 3) presence of gular sac, 4) presence of lateral fold of skin in axilla–groin region, 5) supraciliary scales greatly imbricate; 6) head relatively long, flat; 7) tail long, slender; 8) tail cylindrical in shape; and 9) absence of precloacal or femoral pores.
The new species differs from all known congeners by the following combination of characters: 1) small adult size (SVL 56–69 mm in males, 59–66 mm in females); 2) moderate tail length (TAL/SVL 1.92–2.06 in males, 1.85–1.86 in females); 3) moderate hind limb length (HLL/SVL 0.72–0.81); 4) T4S 24 or 25; 5) tympanum concealed; 6) transverse gular fold present; 7) gular pouch present; 8) axillary folds present; 9) males with pronounced, continuous, sail-like vertebral crest along entire length of body from posterior margin of head to base of tail; 10) ground body coloration black in males, medium to dark brown in females; 11) white coloration on ventral surface of body in males; 12) presence of white transverse streaks on dorsal head; 13) presence of black radiated streaks around eyes; 14) ventral surface of head with prominent black vermiculate stripes; 15) gular spots absent; 16) presence of distinct, jagged, yellowish-white dorsolateral stripes in males; and 17) presence of faint, reddish, dorsolateral lines restricted to anterior half of axilla–groin region in females.


Additional details (7462 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentAbundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyThe Latin word vela means “sail”, which describes the shape of the pronounced and continuous vertebral crest as the diagnostic morphology of the males of the new species. 
References
  • CALDERÓN-ESPINOSA, MARTHA LUCIA & GUIDO FABIAN MEDINA-RANGEL 2016. A new Lepidoblepharis lizard (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) from the Colombian Guyana shield. . Zootaxa 4067 (2): 215–232 - get paper here
  • DENZER, WOLFGANG; ULRICH MANTHEY, PATRICK D CAMPBELL 2019. Catalogue of type specimens of the agamid lizard genus Japalura s. l. (Squamata: Agamidae: Draconinae). Zootaxa 4612 (1): 109-125 - get paper here
  • Hu S. et al. 1987. Amphibia-Reptilia of Xizang. [In Chinese] Beijing: Science Press, 153 pp.
  • Li P. P., Zhao E. M., Dong B. J. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Tibet. [In Chinese] Beijing: Science Press, 251 pp.
  • MANTHEY, ULRICH; WOLFGANG DENZER, HOU MIAN & WANG XIAOHE 2012. Discovered in historical collections: Two new Japalura species (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Yulong Snow Mountains, Lijiang Prefecture, Yunnan, PR China. Zootaxa 3200: 27–48 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Pope, CLIFFORD H. 1935. The Reptiles of China. Turtes, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, Nat. Hist. Central Asia, 10: lii, 1-604 - get paper here
  • Vogt T. 1924. Reptilien und amphibien aus Szetschwan, Osttibet und Tschili. Zoologischer Anzeiger 60 (11/12): 337–344
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
  • WANG, Kai; , Ke JIANG, Gang PAN, Mian HOU, Cameron D. SILER and Jing CHE 2015. A New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Upper Lancang (Mekong) Valley of Eastern Tibet, China. Asian Herpetological Research 6 (3): 159–168 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jing Che, Simin Lin, V Deepak, Datta-Roy Aniruddha, Ke Jiang, Jieqiong Jin, Hongman Chen, Cameron D Siler; 2018. Multilocus phylogeny and revised classification for mountain dragons of the genus Japalura s.l. (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae) from Asia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, , zly034, - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • WANG, KAI; JINLONG REN, KE JIANG, ZHIYONG YUAN, JING CHE, CAMERON D. SILER 2017. Rediscovery of the enigmatic Mountain Dragon, Japalura yulongensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae), with notes on its natural history and conservation. Zootaxa 4318 (2): 351–363 - get paper here
  • WANG, KAI; WEI GAO, JIAWEI WU, WENJIE DONG, XIAOGANG FENG, WENJING SHEN, JIEQIONG JIN, XIUDONG SHI, YIN QI, CAMERON D. SILER, JING CHE 2021. Two New Species of Diploderma Hallowell, 1861 (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Region in China and Rediscovery of D. brevicaudum (Manthey, Wolfgang, Hou, Wang, 2012). Zootaxa 4941 (1): 001–032 - get paper here
  • Wu, Y., Li, K., Wang, F., Liu, Q., & Cai, B. 2021. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic status of a recently described species of Mountain Dragon, Diploderma vela (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae), from the upper Lantsang valley in west China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 6(10), 3041-3043. Chicago - get paper here
  • Zhang, D. H. H. H. D., & Rao, N. X. D. 2022. Diversity of amphibians and reptiles in Yunnan regions of the Yunling Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 22316 - get paper here
  • Zhao E. M., Zhao K., Zhou K. Y. 1999. Fauna Sinica, Reptilia, Vol. 2, Squamata, Lacertilia. [In Chinese] Beijing: Science Press, 394 pp
  • Zhao, E. M. & Jiang,Y. M. 1977. A survey of reptiles in Xizang Autonomous Region, with faunal analysis & descriptions of new forms. [in Chinese] Acta Zool. Sinica, Peking, 23: 64-71
 
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