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Diporiphora bilineata GRAY, 1842

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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Amphibolurinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Northern Two-line Dragon, Two-Lined Dragon 
SynonymDiporiphora bilineata GRAY 1842: 54
Diporiphora bilineata — BOULENGER 1885: 394
Physignathus nigricollis LÖNNBERG & ANDERSSON 1915 (partim)
Diporiphora bilineata — DE ROOIJ 1915: 134
Diporiphora bilineata — COGGER 1983
Diporiphora bilineata — MACEY et al. 2000
Diporiphora bilineata — COGGER 2000: 330
Diporiphora bilineata — DOUGHTY et al. 2012
Diporiphora bilineata — MELVILLE et al. 2019: 41
Diporiphora bilineata — CHAPPLE et al. 2019: 76 
DistributionPapua New Guinea, N Australia
Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia)

Type locality: Port Essington, N. T.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: BMNH 1946.8.12.75. Designation by Wells & Wellington 1985. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): A diverse genus, distributed across all states and territories, except Tasmania, predominately in semi-arid, arid and AMT biomes. Small- to medium-sized lizards that are mostly terrestrial or semi-arboreal. Moderately long snout with relatively long legs and tail. All species have exposed tympanum, and most species have pre-cloacal pores with femoral pores occasionally present. Generally lacking prominent crests, large spinose scales or dermal appendages, although present in some species (e.g. D. amphiboluroides). Colour patterning variable within species, particularly between breeding males and females or juveniles. In general, most species have pale dorsolateral stripes, dark transverse dorsal bars, a black circular blotch on shoulders or neck, and a pink to mauve flush on hips and tail base (particularly in adult males) [from Melville et al. 2019: 27].


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CommentType species: Diporiphora bilineata GRAY 1842 is the type species of the genus Diporiphora GRAY 1842: 53.

Synonymy mainly after COGGER 1983. Grammatophora jugularis is listed under Amphibolurus by BOULENGER (1885) but considered as doubtful.

For a comparison of diagnostic characters among Diporiphora see Melville et al. 2019: 29, Table 4.

Ecology: for a phylogenetic analysis of ecological adaptations in Diporiphora see Tallowin et al. 2019.

Group: The D. bilineata species group contains the following species: D. bilineata lalliae, magna. margaretae, gracilis, granulifera, carpentariensis (fide Melville et al. 2019: 40).

Distribution: for a map see Melville et al. 2019: 41 (Fig. 14).

Lifestyle: semi-arboreal. 
EtymologyApparently named after the two patterned lines on the back of this species, from Latin bi = two and linea = line. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Chapple, David G.; Reid Tingley, Nicola J. Mitchell, Stewart L. Macdonald, J. Scott Keogh, Glenn M. Shea, Philip Bowles, Neil A. Cox, John C. Z. Woinarski 2019. The Action Plan for Australian Lizards and Snakes 2017. CSIRO, 663 pp. DOI: 10.1071/9781486309474 - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Garman, S. 1901. Some reptiles and batrachians from Australasia. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 39: 1-14 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1842. Description of some hitherto unrecorded species of Australian reptiles and batrachians. Zoological Miscellany 2: 51—57 (London: Treuttel, Würtz & Co) - get paper here
  • Longman, H. A. 1916. Snakes and lizards from Queensland and the Northern Territory. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 5: 46-51 - get paper here
  • Macey, J. R., J. A. Schulte II, A. Larson, N. B. Ananjeva, Y. Wang, R. Pethiyagoda, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, T. J. Papenfuss 2000. Evaluating trans-Tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 49 (2): 233-256 - get paper here
  • Macleay, W. 1877. The lizards of the Chevert Expedition. Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 2: 60-69; 97-104 - get paper here
  • Maryan, Brad 1995. A note on colour change in Diporiphora bilineata. Herpetofauna (Sydney) 25 (2): 61
  • Mayer, M. 2014. Von Schlangen, Kröten und Krokodilen im tropischen „Top End“ Australiens. Ein Reise- und Studienbericht. Reptilia (Münster) 19 (110): 76-85
  • Melville, J., Smith Date, K.L., Horner, P., and Doughty, P. 2019. Taxonomic revision of dragon lizards in the genus Diporiphora (Reptilia: Agamidae) from the Australian monsoonal tropics. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 78: 23–55 - get paper here
  • Smith, Katie L.; Luke J. Harmon, Luke P. Shoo, and Jane Melville 2011. EVIDENCE OF CONSTRAINED PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION IN A CRYPTIC SPECIES COMPLEX OF AGAMID LIZARDS. Evolution 65-4: 976–992 - get paper here
  • Storr, G. M. 1974. Agamid lizards of the genera Caimanops, Physignathus and Diporiphora in Western Australia and Northern Territory. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 3: 121-146 - get paper here
  • Tallowin, Oliver J S; Shai Meiri, Stephen C Donnellan, Stephen J Richards, Christopher C Austin, Paul M Oliver, 2019. The other side of the Sahulian coin: biogeography and evolution of Melanesian forest dragons (Agamidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 129: 99-113. - get paper here
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
 
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