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Dipsas temporalis (WERNER, 1909)

IUCN Red List - Dipsas temporalis - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Temporal Snail-eater
S: Caracolera Tropical de bandas rojizas 
SynonymLeptognathus temporalis WERNER 1909: 241
Leptognathus spurrelli BOULENGER 1913: 1036
Sibynomorphus spurellii (BOULENGER) — AMARAL 1930b:199
Sibynomorphus spurellii (BOULENGER) — AMARAL 1931:92
Sibynomorphus spurellii (BOULENGER) — RENDAHL & VESTERGREN 1940:11
Sibynon nebulatus — AMARAL 1930a:32 (not of LINNAEUS)
Sibon sibon — AMARAL 1930b:68 (not of LINNAEUS)
Sibon temporalis (WERNER) — DUNN and BAILEY 1939:9
Dipsas temporalis — PETERS 1960: 50
Dipsas temporalis — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 90
Dipsas temporalis — MIYATA 1982:16
Dipsas temporalis — VILLA et al. 1988
Dipsas temporalis — CADLE & MYERS 2003: 35
Dipsas temporalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 235 
DistributionPanama, Ecuador, Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca, Chocó)

Type locality: Esmeraldes, Ecuador, leg. Kapt. E. KRAUSE, on the ship “Nako- Kosmos-Linie”.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, was ZMH 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Dipsas temporalis differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) dorsals 15 without reduction; (2) temporals usually entering orbit on one or both sides; (3) anterior infralabials separated by pair (rarely fused) of small postmentals; (4) infralabials broadly contacting second pair of chinshields; sublabials separating infralabials from third pair of chinshields, preventrals, and ventrals; (5) loreal long, entering orbit; (6) preocular above loreal present or absent; (7) dorsal surfaces of head mostly immaculate reddish brown; (8) supralabials and sides of head black and white (not barred), with black subocular band extending onto ventral surface of head; (9) nuchal collar straw-colored; first band, incomplete ventrally, not reaching rictus and separated from parietals by 1–5 vertebrals; (10) dorsal body straw-colored to tan with 14–22 dark brown bands edged first in black, then in jagged cream line, at least on posterior body; (11) bands invariably complete dorsally and extending far onto ventrals where they may or may not be complete; (12) interspaces and bands mostly immaculate; accessory blotches absent; (13) venter cream with black lines interrupting interspaces; venter becoming more heavily marked posteriorly and almost entirely charcoal on tail; (14) ventrals 188–210 in males, 183–203 in females; (15) subcaudals 118–129 in males, 110– 134 in females. (16) maxillary teeth 27–31. 
CommentHabitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Distribution: see map in Ray et al. 2023: 152 (Fig. 9) 
EtymologyNamed after Latin temporalis, of a time, but for a time, temporary, transitory. [?]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1913. On a collection of batrachians and reptiles made by Dr. H.G. Spurrell,F.Z.S. in the Choco, Colombia. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1913: 1019-1038 - get paper here
  • Cadle, J. E. 2005. SYSTEMATICS OF SNAKES OF THE DIPSAS OREAS COMPLEX (COLUBRIDAE: DIPSADINAE) IN WESTERN ECUADOR AND PERU, WITH REVALIDATION OF D. ELEGANS (BOULENGER) AND D. ELLIPSIFERA (BOULENGER). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 158 (3): 67-136 - get paper here
  • Cadle, J.E. & Myers, C.W. 2003. Systematics of Snakes Referred to Dipsas variegata in Panama and Western South America, with Revalidation of Two Species and Notes on Defensive Behaviors in the Dipsadini (Colubridae). American Museum Novitates 3409: 1-47 - get paper here
  • Carrera, C. et al. 2009. Guía de Campo de los Pequeños Vertebrados del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (DMQ). Publicación Miscelánea N° 5. Serie de Publicaciones del Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales (MECN) – Fondo Ambiental del MDMQ. 1-89 pp. Imprenta Nuevo Arte. Quito-Ecuador.
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, Juan E., Vladimir A. Bernal-González and Nestor Nonzoque-López. 2011. Geographic Distribution: Dipsas temporalis (temporal snail-eater). Herpetological Review 42 (3): 393 - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Flores, Eric Enrique, Joelbin De La Cruz, Bernardo Peña, Vayron De Gracia, Iliana Cisneros and Josue Ortega. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Dipsas temporalis (temporal snail-eater). Herpetological Review 46 (3): 385 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Harvey, Michael B. 2008. New and Poorly Known Dipsas (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Northern South America. Herpetologica 64 (4): 422-451 - get paper here
  • Harvey, Michael B. and Dirk Embert 2008. Review of Bolivian Dipsas (Serpentes: Colubridae), with Comments on Other South American Species. Herpetological Monographs 22 (1): 54-105 - get paper here
  • Harvey, Michael B.; Gilson Rivas Fuenmayor, José Rances Caicedo-Portilla, and José Vicente Rueda-Almonacid 2009. Systematics of the Enigmatic Dipsadine Snake Tropidodipsas perijanensis Alemán (Serpentes: Colubridae) and Review of Morphological Characters of Dipsadini. Herpetological Monographs 22 (1): 106-132 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Lotzkat, S.; A. Hertz; G. Köhler. 2012. A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area. Zootaxa 3485: 26–40 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos, C. E. 1986. Zoogeografía de los Ophidia en Colombia. Univ. Complutense, Madrid, 2 vols., 971 pp.
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Peters , J. A. 1960. The snakes of the subfamily Dipsadinae. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (114): 224 pp. - get paper here
  • Ray JM, Sánchez-Martínez P, Batista A, Mulcahy DG, Sheehy III CM, Smith EN, Pyron RA, Arteaga A 2023. A new species of Dipsas (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) from central Panama. ZooKeys 1145: 131–167
  • Ray, Julie M. and Patty Ruback 2015. Updated checklists of snakes for the provinces of Panamá and Panamá Oeste, Republic of Panama. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (2): 168-188 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner, F. 1910. Neue oder seltenere Reptilien des Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique in Brüssel. [Mabuia dolloi, Mabuia polylepis]. Zool. Jb. Abt. Syst. Okol. Geogr. 28 [1909]: 263-288. - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1909. Über neue oder seltene Reptilien des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Jahrb. Hamb. wiss. Anst. suppl. 2 (Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamb. 1908) 26: 205-247 - get paper here
 
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