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Dipsas ventrimaculata (BOULENGER, 1885)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Boulenger's Tree Snake
Portuguese: Dormideira, Dormideira-Comum, Dormideira-Grande, Dormideira-Marrom, Jararaca-de-Jardim, Jararaquinha, Papa-Lesma, Urutuzinho 
SynonymLeptognathus ventrimaculatus BOULENGER 1885: 87
Cochliophagus ventrimaculatus — BERG 1901
Leptognathus intermedius STEINDACHNER 1903: 16
Cochliophagus ventrimaculata — SERIÉ 1921
Heterorhachis poecilolepis AMARAL 1923: 94
Heterorhachis poecilolepis AMARAL 1926: 107
Heterorhachis poecilolepsis [sic] AMARAL 1923
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — AMARAL 1929
Dipsas poecilolepis — PETERS 1960
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — PETERS 1960: 165
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — FREIBERG 1982: 141
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — CEI 1993
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus— ZAHER et al. 2011
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 671
Dipsas ventrimaculatus — ARTEAGA et al. 2018
Dipsas ventrimaculata — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Dipsas ventrimaculatus — FRANÇA et al. 2022 
DistributionS Paraguay, NE Argentina (Misiones, Formosa, Corrientes [HR 27: 214]),
Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

Type locality: São Lorenço, south embroider of Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Diet: snails  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1885.6.26.32, male, and BMNH 1885.6.26.33, sex unknown, received from von Ihering. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1922 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy primarily after CEI 1993. Fernandes et al. (1998) synonymized Heterorhachis poecilolepis with Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus.

Distribution: reports of this species from Uruguay represent actually S. turgidus (CARREIRA et al. 2005). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019.

Diet: primarily molluscs (T. de Lema, pers. comm., 16 Oct 2015).

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin ventris, venter, belly + Latin maculata, spotted. (BOULENGER 1885, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • Abegg, Arthur Diesel; Conrado Mario da Rosa, Camila Pivetta Cavalheiro, Flora Roncolatto Ortiz and Leandro Malta Borges. 2014. Partial albinism in Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus (Boulenger, 1885) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 7: 475-476 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Arteaga A, Salazar-Valenzuela D, Mebert K, Peñafiel N, Aguiar G, Sánchez-Nivicela JC, Pyron RA, Colston TJ, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Yánez-Muñoz MH, Venegas PJ, Guayasamin JM, Torres-Carvajal O 2018. Systematics of South American snail-eating snakes (Serpentes, Dipsadini), with the description of five new species from Ecuador and Peru. ZooKeys 766: 79-147 - get paper here
  • Beconi, Hugo Cabral; Alberto Carosini, Paul Smith 2019. Die Hard: How Paraguayan snakes avoid predation and live to tell the tale. Herpetology Notes 12: 513-518 - get paper here
  • Bérnils, R.S.; Batista, M.A. & Bertelli, P.W. 2001. Cobras e lagartos do Vale: levantamento das espécies de Squamata (Reptilia, Lepidosauria) da Bacia do Rio Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Rev. Est. Ambientais (Blumenau) 3 (1): 69-79
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1885. Second list of reptiles and batrachians from the province Rio Grande do Sul, sent to the Natural History Museum by Dr. H. van Ihering. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16: 85-88 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cacciali-Sosa, Pier 2006. Las serpientes caracoleras (Colubridae: Dipsadini) de Paraguay. Revista Española de Herpetología 20: 71-85 - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Fernandes,R. et al. 1998. The taxonomic status of Heterorhachis poecilolepis, AMARAL 1923. Journal of Herpetology 32 (1): 139-141 - get paper here
  • França, R. C., França, F. G., Rödder, D., & Solé, M. 2022. Historical collection of snakes from Brazil by herpetologist and biogeographer Paul Müller (1940–2010), deposited at the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Germany. Bonn zoological Bulletin 71 (1): 41–49 - get paper here
  • Freiberg, M.A. 1982. Snakes of South America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 189 pp. - get paper here
  • Giraudo, A. R., and G. J. Scrocchi 2002. Argentinian Snakes: An Annotated Checklist. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (132): 1-53 - get paper here
  • Giraudo,A.R. 1999. New records of snakes from Argentina. Herpetological Review 30 (3): 179-181 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Kunz, Kriton 2015. Schlangen, die Wirbellose fressen. Terraria-Elaphe 2015 (5): 14-20 - get paper here
  • Kunz, Tobias Saraiva;<br>Ivo Rohling Ghizoni-Jr.,<br>Walter Luis Alves dos Santos & Paulo Afonso Hartmann 2007. Nota sobre a coleção herpetológica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Biotemas, 20 (3): 127-132 - get paper here
  • Lions, Maria Luisa; Alvarez, Blanca Beatriz 1996. Geographic Distribution. Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus. Herpetological Review 27 (4): 214 - get paper here
  • MARQUES, O. A. V. et al. 2009. Repteis. In: Bressan et al., FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, pp. 285-327 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Outeiral, Arlete B.; Rafael L. Balestrin, Lize H. Cappellari, Thales de Lema, Vanda Lúcia Ferreira 2018. Snake assemblage from Serra do Sudeste, Pampa Biome in Southern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 11: 733-745 - get paper here
  • Peters , J. A. 1960. The snakes of the subfamily Dipsadinae. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (114): 224 pp. - get paper here
  • Scrocchi G. Porto M. Rey L. 1993. Descripcion de una especie nueva y situacion del genero Sibynomorphus (Serpentes: Colubridae) en la Argentina. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BIOLOGIA 53 (2): 197- 208.
  • Steindachner, F. 1903. Über einige neue Reptilien- und Fischarten des Hofmuseums in Wien. Sitzungsber. Ak. Wien, math.-naturw. Cl. (Kl.) 112: 15—22 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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