You are here » home › advanced search › search results › Drymarchon melanurus

Drymarchon melanurus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854)

IUCN Red List - Drymarchon melanurus - Least Concern, LC
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Drymarchon melanurus?

Add your own observation of
Drymarchon melanurus »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesDrymarchon melanurus melanurus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854)
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (COPE 1861)
Drymarchon melanurus orizabensis (DUGÈS 1905)
Drymarchon melanurus rubidus SMITH 1941
Drymarchon melanurus unicolor SMITH 1941 
Common NamesE: Blacktail Cribo
E: Texas Indigo Snake [erebennus]
S: Palancacóatls 
SynonymSpilotes melanurus DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 224
Spilotes corais melanurus — COPE 1893: 432
Morenoa orizabensis DUGÈS 1905: 517
Drymarchon corais melanurus — AMARAL 1929
Drymarchon corais melanurus — STUART 1935: 49
Drymarchon corais melanocercus SMITH 1941: 473 (nom. nov.)
Drymarchon corais melanurus — SMITH & LANGEBARTEL 1949: 410
Drymarchon corais melanurus — MCCRANIE 1980
Drymarchon corais — CAMPBELL 1998
Drymarchon melanurus — WÜSTER et al. 2001
Drymarchon melanurus — CISNEROS-HEREDIA 2006
Drymarchon corais melanurus — KÖHLER 2008
Drymarchon melanurus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Drymarchon melanurum — PERCINO-DANIEL et al. 2013
Drymarchon melanurus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 245
Drymarchon melanurus — CORTÉS-VÁZQUEZ et al. 2022

Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (COPE 1861)
Spilotes erebennus COPE 1861: 342, 565
Drymarchon corais erebennus — TAYLOR 1949: 200
Drymarchon corais erebennus — MEHRTENS 1987: 138
Drymarchon corais erebennus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 192
Drymarchon corais erebennus — CROTHER 2000: 61
Drymarchon corais erebennus — DIXON 2000
Drymarchon corais erebennus — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 343
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus — WÜSTER et al. 2001 (provisionally)
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus — POWELL et al. 2011 [HR 42: 289]
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus — LILLYWHITE 2022

Drymarchon melanurus orizabensis (DUGÈS 1905)
Morenoa orizabensis DUGÈS 1905
Drymarchon corais orizabensis — SMITH 1941: 477
Drymarchon corais orizabensis — MCCRANIE 1980
Drymarchon melanurus orizabensis — WÜSTER et al. 2001 (provisionally)

Drymarchon melanurus rubidus SMITH 1941
Drymarchon corais rubidus SMITH 1941: 474
Drymarchon corais cleofae BROCK 1942: 249
Drymarchon corais rubidus — HALL 1951
Drymarchon corais rubidus — DAVIS & SMITH 1953
Drymarchon corais rubidus — ZWEIFEL & NORRIS 1955
Drymarchon corais rubidus — ZWEIFEL 1959
Drymarchon corais rubidus — FUGLER & DIXON 1961
Drymarchon corais rubidus — HARDY 1969: 159
Drymarchon corais rubidus — MCCRANIE 1980
Drymarchon corais rubidis — CAMARILLO-RANGEL 1983 (in error)
Drymarchon corais rubidus — WEBB 1984
Drymarchon corais rubidus — TANNER 1985: 629
Drymarchon corais rubidus — MEHRTENS 1987: 140
Drymarchon melanurus rubidus — WÜSTER et al. 2001 (provisionally)
Drymarchon corais rubidus — KÖHLER 2008

Drymarchon melanurus unicolor SMITH 1941
Drymarchon corais unicolor SMITH 1941: 470
Drymarchon corais unicolor — MERTENS 1952:
Drymarchon corais unicolor — MCCRANIE 1980
Drymarchon melanurus unicolor — WÜSTER et al. 2001 (provisionally)
Drymarchon corais unicolor — KÖHLER 2008 
DistributionMexico (Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Aguascalientes, Puebla, Jalisco, Sonora, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Chihuahua, Guanajuato, Nayarit, Guerrero, Coahuila, Durango etc.), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador ?, Panama, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca), N Venezuela, Peru

melanurus: Mexico; Type locality: Mexico

erebennus: S Texas; Mexico (Coahuila etc.); Type locality: "Eagle Pass, Texas" (Cope, 1860b:564).

orizabensis: Mexico (Veracruz); Type locality: "d'Orizaba (Etat de Vera-Cruz).”

rubidus: Mexico (Michoacan, Sinaloa, Chiapas, Morelos, México); Type locality: Rosario, Sinaloa.

unicolor: along the Pacific in Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, El Salvador, SW Honduras, Nicaragua, NW Costa Rica; Type locality, "La Esperanza, near Escuintla, Chiapas," Mexico.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: MNHN-RA 3185; paralectotypes: MNHN-RA 0638 and MNHN-RA 3354
Syntypes: USNM 1862, a skin (Cochran, 1961), collected by A. Schott, and Academy Natural Sciences Philadelphia (ANSP) 3921, young adult female, collected by A. Schott, dates not given [erebennus]
Holotype: USNM 110865, adult female [unicolor]
Holotype: USNM 46430, female, CAS-SUR 9447; paratypes: USNM, EHT-HMS [rubidus]
Lectotype: MDUG HE 126 (Alfredo Duges Museum, Guanajuato), designated by Smith & Necker 1943 [orizabensis] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2641 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIn Central America, Smith (1941) noted the existence of hybrid zones between melanurus on one hand and the taxa erebennus, orizabensis and rubidus on the other. Additionally, juveniles and some adults of erebennus, rubidus and unicolor display oblique dark bars on the sides of the neck, which appear to be homologous with the marks seen in D. melanurus (no orizabensis were examined). Although the sister taxon to Drymarchon is unresolved, these dark marks appear to be unique to these taxa, and can therefore be regarded as a synapomorphy for these populations. This makes the classification of the taxa erebennus Cope, 1860, rubidus Smith, 1941, unicolor Smith, 1941 and, presumably, orizabensis Dugès, 1905, as subspecies of D. melanurus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854), a tenable provisional arrangement (from Wüster et al. 2001).

Adult D. c. erebennus are blackish above posteriorly, spotted anteriorly, and have dark diagonal markings on the sides of the neck. Additionally, this subspecies usu- ally has 14 dorsal scale rows anterior to the vent.

Max. total length: 2.4 m

Distribution: This species has been reported from Peru, but without specific locality (T. Doan, pers. comm. 30 Apr 2012). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is Greek, from the words melano, meaning "black" and urus, meaning "tail". 
References
  • Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L 2021. Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153 - get paper here
  • Ahumada-Carrillo, I. T. & Vázquez-Huizar, O. 2012. Geographic distribution: Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake). Herpetological Review 43: 448 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1929. Estudos sobre ofídios neotrópicos. XXI. Revisão do gênero Drymarchon Fitzinger. Memórias do Instituto Butantan 4: 323-330 - get paper here
  • BROUSSARD, MACIE A.; JANINE ROACH, MICHELLE HOFFMAN & DAVID A. STEEN. 2021. DRYMARCHON MELANURUS (Central American Indigo Snake). BEHAVIOR/MALE-MALE COMBAT. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 154–155. - get paper here
  • Brown, Tom; Francin Murcia (Author 2021. Snakes on the menu: A predation attempt by a Central American Indigo Snake (Drymarchon melanurus) on a Central American Boa (Boa imperator) and remains of a Mexican Parrot Snake (Leptophis mexicanus) identified in feces on Utila Island, Honduras. Reptiles & Amphibians 28 (2): 229-233
  • Cadena-Rico, S., Leyte-Manrique, A., & Hernández-Salinas, U. 2020. Herpetofauna de la cuenca baja del Río Temascatio, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México. Acta zoológica mexicana, 36
  • Campbell, J.A. 1998. Amphibians and reptiles of northern Guatemala, the Yucatán, and Belize. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, xiii + 380 pp. - get paper here
  • Canseco-Márquez, L., & Gutiérrrez-Mayén, M.G. 2010. Anfibios y reptiles del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. Comisión Nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, México D.F., Mexico, 302 pp - get paper here
  • Carbajal-Márquez, Rubén A. and Gustavo E. Quintero-Díaz 2016. The Herpetofauna of Aguascalientes, México. Revista Mexicana de Herpetología 2(1):
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here
  • Castro, E. E. N., Montalbán Huidobro, C. A. & Ocampo, S. A. 2012. Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake). Herpetological Review 43: 659 - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F.; Bolívar-García, W. & Herrera-Montes, M.I. 2007. Guía de los Anfibios y Reptiles des Bosque de Yotoco, Valle deel Cauca, Colombia. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 70 pp. - get paper here
  • Chávez, G. & Venegas, P. 2007. Looking for Macanches in the dry forest of Peru. Reptilia (GB) (51): 54-59 - get paper here
  • Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. 2006. Reptilia, Colubridae, Drymarchon melanurus: Filling distribution gaps. Check List 2 (1): 20-21 - get paper here
  • Cobarrubias, Edgar Flores; Daniel Cruz-Sáenz, and David Lazcano 2012. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 6: Amphibians and Reptiles of Hostotipaquillo, Jalisco, Mexico. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 47 (2):21-26 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1861. Notes and descriptions of new and little-known species of American reptiles. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 339-345 [1860] - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1893. Notes on some snakes from tropical America lately living in the collection of the Zoologicla Society of Philadelphia. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1893: 429-435 - get paper here
  • Cortés-Vázquez, S., Núñez-Carrillo, L. C., Cruz-Sáenz, D., Carrasco-Ortiz, M. A., Rodríguez-López, A., Lazcano, D., ... & Wilson, L. D. 2022. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 29: Herpetofauna of Natural Protected Area “El Diente,” Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 57(10), 177-185 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Pineda-López R, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Rocha A, Fucsko LA, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Querétaro, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(1) [General Section]: 148–192 (e308) - get paper here
  • Cruz-García K, Barreno M, Cuadrado S, Moretta-Urdiales M, Molina-Moreira N, Salas JA, Torres-Domínguez Á, Narváez AE 2023. Amphibians and reptiles of Isla Santay (Durán, Ecuador). Check List 19(3): 347-369 - get paper here
  • Cruz-Sáenz, Daniel, Ángeles Penilla-Juarez and David Lazcano. 2013. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 10: Herpetofauna of the Protected Natural Area “Estero El Salado” and Adjacent Areas in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 48 (9):117-119 - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. and Julio A. Lemos-Espinal 2010. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Queretaro, Mexico. Tlalnepantla UNAM, 428 pp.
  • Duellman, William E. 1960. A record size for Drymarchon corais melanurus. Copeia 1960 (4): 367-368 - get paper here
  • Dugès, A. 1905. Description d’un ophidien nouveau du Mexique (Morenoa orizabensis, g. et sp. nn.). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1905 (2): 517 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 7 (partie 1). Paris, xvi + 780 S. - get paper here
  • Duran M 2021. An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island, Texas, USA, with comparisons to adjacent barrier island and mainland herpetofauna. ZooKeys 1073: 119-175 - get paper here
  • Enderson, Erik F.; Thomas R. Van Devender, Robert L. Bezy 2014. Amphibians and reptiles of Yécora, Sonora and the Madrean Tropical Zone of the Sierra Madre Occidental in northwestern Mexico. Check List 10 (4): 913-926 - get paper here
  • Fernández, Luis Manuel; Louise Delisle 2018. Predation attempt of Drymarchon melanurus (Duméril et al., 1854) on a juvenile of (Pseudastur occidentalis Salvin, 1876) in Coastal Ecuador. Herpetology Notes 11: 365-366 - get paper here
  • Fernández-Badillo, Leonardo, David R. Aguillón-Gutiérrez, Sharon Yedid Valdez-Rentería, Juan Alfonso Hernández-Melo, Cristian Raùl Olvera Olvera, Francisco Javier Callejas-Jiménez, Melisa Hernández-Ramos, José Carlos Iturbe-Morgado, Ferdinand Torres- 2016. First records for amphibians and reptiles from the municipality of Atotonilco el Grande, Hidalgo, México. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 91-93 - get paper here
  • Fernández-Badillo, Leonardo & Irene Goyenechea-Mayer Goyenechea 2010. Anfibios y reptiles del valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 81: 705- 712
  • Fernández-Badillo, Leonardo; Norma Leticia Manríquez-Morán; Jesús Martín Castillo-Cerón & Irene Goyenechea 2016. Análisis herpetofaunístico de la zona árida del estado de Hidalgo. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 156–170 - get paper here
  • FLORES-VILLELA, OSCAR; CÉSAR A. RÍOS-MUÑOZ, GLORIA E. MAGAÑA-COTA & NÉSTOR L. QUEZADAS-TAPIA 2016. Alfredo Dugès’ type specimens of amphibians and reptiles revisited. Zootaxa 4092 (1): 033–054 - get paper here
  • Freiberg, M.A. 1982. Snakes of South America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 189 pp. - get paper here
  • Fugler, Charles M.;Dixon, James R. 1961. Notes on the herpetofauna of the El Dorado Area of Sinaloa, Mexico. Publications of the Museum, Michigan State University, Biological Series 2 (1): 1-24
  • García-Padilla, E., Mata-Silva, V., Villalobos-Juárez, I., López-Esquivel, E. A., Lavariega, M. C., Rocha, A., DeSantis, D. L., Melgar-Martínez, A. I., Johnson, J. D., Fucsko, L. A., Lazcano, D., & Wilson, L. D. 2022. Anfibios y reptiles de la región de los Chimalapas, Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México:: composición, categorización distribucional, estado de conservación y significado para la biodiversidad. Biología Y Sociedad, 5(10), 37–76 - get paper here
  • Garman, Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • González-Sánchez, V. H., J. D. Johnson, E. García-Padilla, V. Mata-Silva, D. L. DeSantis and L. D. Wilson. 2017. The Herpetofauna of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(2): 264–380 - get paper here
  • GUO, PENG; FEI ZHU, QIN LIU, LIANG ZHANG, JIAN X. LI, YU Y. HUANG & R. ALEXANDER PYRON 2014. A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3873 (4): 425–440 - get paper here
  • GUTIÉRREZ MAYÉN, MA. GUADALUPE Y JORGE SALAZAR ARENAS 2007. HERPETOFAUNA DE LOS MUNICIPIOS DE CAMOCUAUTLA, ZAPOTITLÁN DE MÉNDEZ Y HUITZILAN DE SERDÁN, DE LA SIERRA NORTE DE PUEBLA. HERPETOFAUNA DE TRES MUNICIPIOS DE LA SIERRA NORTE DE PUEBLA, pp.197-223
  • Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Hidalgo-Mihart, Mircea G.; Rugieri Juárez-López, Fernando Contreras-Moreno, Alejandro Jesús De La Cruz, Marco A. López-Luna & Yaribeth Bravata De La Cruz 2018. GREATER GRISON (GALICTIS VITTATTA) HUNTS A CENTRAL AMERICAN INDIGO SNAKE (DRYMARCHON MELANURUS) IN SOUTHEASTERN MEXICO. The Southwestern Naturalist Sep 2018 Vol. 63, No. 3: 197-199 - get paper here
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Johnson, W. E., et al. 2017. Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (Texas Indigo Snake) Defensive behavior / death-feigning. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 448 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • La Marca, Enrique; Soriano, Pascual J.; Casado B., Roberto 1995. Drymarchon corais melanurus. Herpetological Review 26 (2): 109 - get paper here
  • Laking AE, Solís JM, Brown T, Maddock ST, Burdekin O, Taylor P, Lonsdale G, Green SEW, Martin TE, Galdamez JR, Kolby JE, Erens J, Jocque M 2024. The amphibians and reptiles of Cusuco National Park, Northwest Honduras: updates from a long-term conservation programme. In: Lipińska M, Lopez-Selva MM, Sierra JM (Eds) Biodiversity research in Central America. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 19(2): 37-62 - get paper here
  • Lancini,A.R. & Kornacker,P.M. 1989. Die Schlangen von Venezuela. Armitano Editores C.A., Caracas, 1-381
  • Lazcano D, Nevárez-de los Reyes M, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, Wilson LD. 2019. The herpetofauna of Coahuila, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 31–94 (e189) - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A conservation checklist of the herpetofauna of Morelos, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 941: 121-144 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico with a conservation status summary and comparisons with neighboring states. ZooKeys 931: 85-114 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of the State of Mexico, Mexico with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 953: 137-159 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Cruz A 2016. Amphibians and Reptiles of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. ZooKeys 594: 123-141, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.594.8289 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Gadsden-Esparza H, Valdez-Lares R, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 748: 65-87 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Pierce LJS, Painter CW 2020. The amphibians and reptiles of Colima, Mexico, with a summary of their conservation status. ZooKeys 927: 99-125 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Rorabaugh JC 2019. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sonora, Mexico, with updated species lists. ZooKeys 829: 131-160 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 753: 83-106 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A. (ed.) 2015. Amphibians and Reptiles of the US - Mexico Border States / Anfibios y Reptiles de los Estados de la Frontera México - Estados Unidos. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. x + 614 pp.; ISBN 978-1-62349-306-6. - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A. and James R. Dixon 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí. Eagle Mountain Publishing, xii + 300 pp.
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A., Geoffrey R. Smith 2015. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. Check List 11 (3): 1642 - get paper here
  • Leyte-Manrique A, Mata-Silva V, Báez-Montes O, Fucsko LA, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Rocha A, Johnson JD, Porras LW, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Guanajuato, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(2) [General Section: 133–180 (e321) - get paper here
  • Leyte-Manrique, Adrian; Abel Antonio Buelna-Chontal,<br>Miguel Alejandro Torres-Dıaz, Christian Berriozabal-Islas, and Carlos Alberto Maciel-Mata 2019. A Comparison of Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Between Disturbed and Undisturbed Environments of Salvatierra, Guanajuato, Mexico. Tropical Conservation Science 12: 1–12 - get paper here
  • Leyte-Manrique, Adrian; Christian Berriozabal-Islas, Vicente Mata-Silva, and Juan Pablo Morales-Castorena 2018. Herpetofaunal diversity in Área Natural Protegida Las Musas, Guanajuato, Mexico. Mesoamerican Herpetology 5 (1): 122–136 - get paper here
  • Leyte-Manrique, Adrian; Efrén M. Hernández Navarro y Luis A. Escobedo-Morales 2015. Herpetofauna de Guanajuato: Un análisis histórico y contemporáneo de su conocimiento. Revista Mexicana de Herpetología 1(1): 1–14
  • Lillywhite, H.B. 2022. Discovering snakes in wild places. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, NM, 164 pp. - get paper here
  • Lillywhite, Harvey B. 2014. How Snakes Work: Structure, Function and Behavior of the World's Snakes. Oxford University Press, New York, 256 pp
  • Loc-barragán J.A., D., Lazcano y G.A Woolrich-Piña. 2018. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico 2: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Municipality of Compostela. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 53(10): 205-212
  • Loc-Barragán JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA, Lemos-Espinal JA 2024. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nayarit, Mexico with conservation status and comparison with adjoining States. Herpetozoa 37: 25-42 - get paper here
  • Loc-Barragán, J. A. 2024. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico 6: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Municipality of Bahía de Banderas. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 59(5), 65-74
  • Loc-Barragán, J. A., & Ramírez-Silva, J. P. 2024. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico 4: List of Reptiles Collected on María Madre Island, San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico, by Herr Alphonse Forrer. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 59(3), 49-52 - get paper here
  • LOC-BARRAGÁN, JESÚS A.; JUAN N. MARÍN-VÁZQUEZ & VÍCTOR H. LUJA. 2022. DRYMARCHON MELANURUS (Central American Indigo Snake). DIET. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 147–148.
  • Loc-Barragán, Jesús Alberto and David Lazcano 2018. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico 1: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Municipality of Tecuala. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 53(4):73-80
  • Luja VH, López JA, Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A 2017. Herpetofauna inside and outside from a natural protected area: the case of Reserva Estatal de la Biósfera Sierra San Juan, Nayarit, Mexico. Nature Conservation 21: 15-38 - get paper here
  • Luna, Manuel de; Roberto García Barrios, Daniel Montoya Ferrer, Gerardo Cuéllar-Rodríguez 2021. A new record of the tongue worm Kiricephalus coarctatus (Diesing, 1850) parasitizing the Texas indigo snake Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (Cope, 1861) in Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas, northeast Mexico. Herpetology Notes 14: 765-767 - get paper here
  • Martínez-Fonseca JG, Holmes IA, Sunyer J, Westeen EP, Grundler MR, Cerda PA, Fernández-Mena MA, Loza-Molina JC, Monagan IV Jr., Nondorf D, Pandelis GG, Rabosky ARD 2023. A collection and analysis of amphibians and reptiles from Nicaragua with new country and departmental records. Check List 20(1): 58-125 - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.
  • McCranie, J. R. 1980. Drymarchon, D. corais. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (267): 1-4. - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., and Alexander Gutsche 2016. The herpetofauna of islands in the Golfo de Fonseca and adjacent waters, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (4): 842–899 - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Muñiz Martínez, Raúl and Saura Valdez-Lares. 2011. Geographic Distribution:Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake). Herpetological Review 42 (3): 393 - get paper here
  • Muñoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio; Jorge Nieblas-Camacho,<br>Marina Alba Chau-Cortez, Alondra Berenice González-Navarro, Jaime López-Pérez & Juan Pérez-López 2017. Diversidad de anfibios y reptiles en la Reservade la Biosfera Selva El Ocote: su vulnerabilidad ante la fragmentación y el cambio climático. In: Lorena Ruiz-Montoya et al. (eds), Vulnerabilidad social y biológica ante el cambio climático en la Re El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, pp.395-448 - get paper here
  • Nahuat-Cervera, Pedro Enrique 2020. Amphibians and reptiles of the Hobonil Educative Center, Tzucacab, Yucatán, Mexico. Rev. Latinoamer. Herp. 3 (1): 53-65 - get paper here
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Neill, Wilfred T. and E. Ross Allen. 1959. Studies on the amphibians and reptiles of British Honduras. Publications of the Research Division Ross Allen's Reptiles Institute. 2 (1): 1-76
  • Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Manuel, David Lazcano, Elí García-Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The Herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: Composition, Distribution, and Conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 558–638 - get paper here
  • Oakley, Joseph; Alexandros Theodorou 2020. A failed predation attempt by a Central American Indigo Snake (Drymarchon melanurus) on a Tiger Ratsnake (Spilotes pullatus) in Campeche, Mexico. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (3): 494-495 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Palacios-Aguilar, Ricardo & OSCAR FLORES-VILLELA 2018. An updated checklist of the herpetofauna from Guerrero, Mexico. Zootaxa 4422 (1): 1-24 - get paper here
  • Percino-Daniel, Ruth; Erika Cruz-Ocaña, Wilber Pozo-Ventura y Ernesto Velázquez-Velázquez 2013. Diversidad de reptiles en dos microcuencas del río Grijalva, Chiapas, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 84: 938-948 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Platt, Steven G., Thomas R. Rainwater, Jan C. Meerman and Stanlee M. Miller. 2016. Nature Notes. Notes on the diet, foraging behavior, and venom of some snakes in Belize. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 162–170 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. 2006. Die Schlangen des costa-ricanischen Trockenwaldes. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 32-37 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Costa Rica’s venomous snakes. Reptilia (GB) (48): 11-17 - get paper here
  • Ray, Julie M. and Patty Ruback 2015. Updated checklists of snakes for the provinces of Panamá and Panamá Oeste, Republic of Panama. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (2): 168-188 - get paper here
  • Raya-García, Ernesto and Robert A. Villa. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake). Herpetological Review 45 (3): 465 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Rodríguez-Canseco, Jesús Mauricio, Krystal Lucia Gonzalez-Estupinan and Luand Eliud López-Rodriguez. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake). Herpetological Review 44 (3): 476 - get paper here
  • Rojas-Morales, Julián Andrés, Héctor Fabio Arias-Monsalve y Gustavo A. González-Durán 2014. Anibios y reptiles de la región centro-sur del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 15 (1): 73-93 - get paper here
  • Rosas-Espinoza, V.C.; Rodríguez-Zaragoza, F.A.; Álvarez-Grzybowska, E.; Peña-Joya, K.E.; Santiago-Pérez, A.L.; Godoy-González, A.A.; Huerta-Martínez, F.M. 2024. Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Reptiles in a Heterogeneous Landscape of Jalisco State, West-Central Mexico. Diversity 2024, 16, 394 - get paper here
  • Roze, J. A. 1966. La Taxonomía y Zoogeografla de los Ofidios de Venezuela. Univ. Central Venezuela, 362 pp.
  • Salcido-Rodríguez, Israel; Francisco Isaac Hernández-Valadez , Adriana Elizabeth Castillo-Franco , Daniel Cruz-Sáenz , Edgar Emmanuel Hernández-Juárez , David Lazcano , Lydia Allison Fucsko and Larry David Wilson 2023. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 31: Herpetofauna from Sierra de Tesistán, Zapopan,. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 58(10):165-171 - get paper here
  • Schäberle, Wolfgang 2008. Beobachtung beim Fressverhalten der Drymarchon corais couperi (Östliche Indigonatter). Ophidia 2 (1): 30-31 - get paper here
  • Schmidt,K.P. & WALKER Jr. ,W.F. 1943. Snakes of the Peruvian coastal region. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. nat. Hist., Chicago, 24: 297-327 - get paper here
  • Slevin, J.R. 1942. Notes on a collection of reptiles from Boquete, Panama, with the description of a new species of Hydromorphus. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 23: 463-480 - get paper here
  • Smith, H. M. 1963. Spilotes melanurus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril, 1854 (Reptilia, Serpentes): proposed validation under the plenary powers. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 20 (3): 232-233 - get paper here
  • Smith, H. M., & LANGEBARTEL, D. A. 1949. Notes on a collection of reptiles and amphibians from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 39: 409-416.
  • Smith, H.M. 1941. A review of the subspecies of the indigo snake (Drymarchon corais). J. Washington Acad. Sci. 31: 466-481. - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1939. An annotated list of the Mexican amphibians and reptiles in the Carnegie Museum. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 27: 311-320
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Solorzano, A. 2004. Serpientes de Costa Rica - Snakes of Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Costa Rica, 792 pp.
  • Stuart, L. C. 1935. A contribution to a knowledge of the herpetology of a portion of the savanna region of Central Peten, Guatemala. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publications 29: 1-56 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier and Richard Leonardi. 2015. Drymarchon melanurus (Central American indigo snake) diet. Herpetological Review 46 (1): 103 - get paper here
  • Swanson, Romey L., Thomas R. Simpson and Stephen LeClair. 2015. Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (Texas indigo snake) diet / scavenging. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 272 - get paper here
  • Tennant, A. & Bartlett, R.D. 2000. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, 588 pp.
  • Tepos-Ramírez M, Garduño-Fonseca FS, Peralta-Robles CA, García-Rubio OR, Cervantes Jiménez R 2023. Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species. Check List 19(2): 269-292 - get paper here
  • Terán-Juárez, Sergio A., Elí García Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 43–113 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Torres-Hernández, LA, Ramírez-Bautista A, Cruz-Elizalde R, Hernández-Salinas U, Berriozabal-Islas C, DeSantis DL, Johnson JD, Rocha A, García-Padilla E, Mata-Silva V, Fucsko LA, and Wilson LD. 2021. The herpetofauna of Veracruz, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 72–155 - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Vásquez-Cruz, V & Fuentes-Minor, A 2018. Drymarchon melanurus (Central American Indigo Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 49 (3): 545-546 - get paper here
  • VÁSQUEZ-CRUZ, VÍCTOR; ÉRIKA OLIVARES-BLANCO & ARLETH REYNOSO-MARTÍNEZ 2021. New Municipality Records of Amphibians and Reptiles from Las Altas Montañas Region in Central-west Veracruz, Mexico. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 90–93.
  • Vásquez-Cruz, Víctor; Luis Canseco-Márquez 2020. AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILES OF THE COLONIA AGRÍCOLA RINCÓN DE LAS FLORES, TEZONAPA, VERACRUZ, MEXICO. Rev. Latinoamer. Herp. 3 (1): 66-80 - get paper here
  • Vázquez Díaz, Joel;Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E. 2005. Anfibios y Reptiles de Aguascalientes [2nd ed.]. CONABIO, CIEMA, 318 pp.
  • Villa, Robert A., Thomas R. Van Devender, Carlos Manuel Valdéz-Coronel and Timothy R. Burkhardt. 2015. Peripheral and elevational distribution, and a novel prey item for Drymarchon melanurus in Sonora, Mexico. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2(3): 378–380 - get paper here
  • Vite-Silva, Victor D.; Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista y Uriel Hernández-Salinas 2010. Diversidad de anfibios y reptiles de la Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán, Hidalgo, México Diversity of amphibians and reptiles from the Barranca de Metztitlán Biosphera Reserve in Hidalgo, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 81: 473- 485 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Woolrich-Piña, G. A., E. García-Padilla, D. L. DeSantis, J. D. Johnson, V. Mata-Silva, and L. D. Wilson 2017. The herpetofauna of Puebla, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 791–884 - get paper here
  • Woolrich-Piña, Guillermo A, Paulino Ponce-Campos, Jesús Loc-Barragán, Juan Pablo Ramírez-Silva, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson, Elí García-Padilla and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 376-448 - get paper here
  • WÜSTER, WOLFGANG; JOSÉ LUÍS YRAUSQUIN AND ABRAHAM MIJARES-URRUTIA 2001. A new species of Indigo Snake from North-Western Venezuela (Serpentes: Colubridae: Drymarchon). The Herpetological Journal 11: 157-165 - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Drymarchon&species=melanurus

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator