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Drymoluber brazili (GOMES, 1918)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brazilian Woodland Racer
Portuguese: Cobra-Cipó 
SynonymDrymobius brazilii GOMES 1918: 81
Drymobius rubriceps AMARAL 1923: 85
Drymobius rubriceps AMARAL 1926: 100
Drymobius boddaerti — AMARAL 1929 (partim)
Drymoluber brazili — STUART 1932
Drymoluber brazili — CAMPOS NOGUEIRA 2001
Drymoluber brazili — COSTA et al. 2013
Drymoluber brazili — WALLACH et al. 2014: 247
Drymoluber brazili — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionSC Brazil (Minas Gerais, Distrito Federal, Bahia [HR 35: 191], Rondonia, Piaui, Goias, S Ceará, Espírito Santo), Paraguay (fide Paul Smith, pers. comm., 27 Apr 2014)

Type locality: Estaçâo de Engenheiro Lisbôo, near Uberaba, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 696, adult male (possibly lost in fire in 2010) Paratypes: Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, IBSP 383, adult male, SVL 863 mm, TL 394 mm, collected in February 1913, in the Estação Ferroviária Santa Eudóxia (currently inactive), municipality of São Carlos (-21.77, -47.78), São Paulo, Brazil; IBSP 573, adult female, SVL 854 mm, TL 422 mm, collected in February 1914, in the Estação Ferroviária de Sampaio Vidal (currently inactive), municipality of Ribeirão Bonito (-22.07, -48.18), São Paulo, Brazil; IBSP 574, adult male, SVL 862 mm, TL 268+N mm (broken tail), without locality data; IBSP 741, adult male, SVL 1120 mm, TL 162+N mm (broken tail), collected in December 1914, in the Estação Ferroviária Java (currently inactive), municipality of Boa Esperança do Sul (-21.99, -48.39), São Paulo, Brazil; IBSP 1286, adult female, SVL 898 mm, TL 402 mm, collected in May 1917, in the Estação Ferroviária Pedregulho (currently inactive), municipality of Pedregulho (-20.26, -47.48), São Paulo, Brazil. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Drymoluber brazili can be distinguished from D. apurimacensis and D. dichrous by the following combination of characters: a) 17-17-15 dorsal scale rows with two apical pits; b) 182–200 ventrals in males, 185– 202 in females; c) 109–127 subcaudals in males, 109–126 in females; d) 19–25 maxillary teeth. See Table 5 in COSTA et al. 2013.


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CommentSynonymy: Note that Amaral described Drymobius rubriceps as a new species in two independent papers, published in 1923 and 1926.

Variation: juveniles of this species are banded while the adults are uniformly colored. See Figure 19 in COSTA et al. 2013: 378. 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Vital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha, founder and former director of the Instituto (Seroterápico) de Butantan, NOT the species’ distribution in Brazil. 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Araújo, S. C. M., Uchôa, L. R., de Sena, F. P., Barbosa, C. U., & de Andrade, E. B. 2022. New record and updated distribution map for Drymoluber brazili (Gomes, 1918)(Serpentes: Colubridae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 36 (1) - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
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  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • CALDEIRA-COSTA, HENRIQUE; MÁRIO RIBEIRO MOURA, RENATO NEVES FEIO 2013. Taxonomic revision of Drymoluber Amaral, 1930 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 349–394 - get paper here
  • Campos Nogueira, C. de 2001. New records of Squamate Reptiles in Central Brazilian Cerrado II: Brasília Region. Herpetological Review 32 (4): 285-287 - get paper here
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  • Franca, F.G.R.; Daniel O. Mesquita, Cristiano C. Nogueira, and Alexandre F. B. Araújo 2008. Phylogeny and Ecology Determine Morphological Structure in a Snake Assemblage in the Central Brazilian Cerrado. Copeia 2008 (1): 23-38 - get paper here
  • Franca, F.G.R.; Mesquita, Daniel Oliveira and Guarino Rinaldi Colli 2006. A CHECKLIST OF SNAKES FROM AMAZONIAN SAVANNAS IN BRAZIL, HOUSED IN THE COLEÇÃO HERPETOLÓGICA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA, WITH NEW DISTRIBUTION RECORDS. Occ. Pap. Oklahoma Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Oklahoma 17: 1-13
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  • Lehr, E.; Carrillo, N. & Hocking, P. 2004. New species of Drymoluber (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) from Southeastern Peru. Copeia 2004 (1): 46-52 - get paper here
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  • Mathielo RS, Santiago DH, De Castro TM, Chaves FG 2024. Two rare species in Espírito Santo state, Brazil: rediscovery of Apostolepis longicaudata Gomes, 1921 (Squamata, Dipsadidae) and Drymoluber brazili (Gomes, 1918) (Squamata, Colubridae). Check List 20(1): 242-248 - get paper here
  • MELO ARAÚJO, SÂMIA CAROLINE; LUCAS RAFAEL UCHÔA, FELIPE PAIXÃO DE SENA, CARINA UCHÔA BARBOSA, ALAN PABLO ANTONIO GONÇALVES CAMPÊLO DE SOUSA & ETIELLE BARROSO DE ANDRADE. 2022. New record and updated distribution map for Drymoluber brazili (Gomes, 1918) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 36(1): 115–117. - get paper here
  • Montingelli GG, Grazziotin FG, Battilana J, Murphy RW, Zhang Y‐P, Zaher H. 2018. Higher‐level phylogenetic affinities of the Neotropical genus Mastigodryas Amaral, 1934 (Serpentes: Colubridae), species‐group definition and description of a new genus for Mastigodryas bifossatus. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 57: 205– 239 [online 2018, in print 2019] - get paper here
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