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Echiopsis curta (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

IUCN Red List - Echiopsis curta - Near Threatened, NT
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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bardick 
SynonymNaja curta SCHLEGEL 1837: 486
Echiopsis curta — FITZINGER 1843: 28
Alecto curta — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1252
Hoplocephalus curta — GÜNTHER 1858
Hoplocephalus temporalis GÜNTHER 1862: 130
Hoplocephalus curtus — MCCOY 1878: 11
Brachyaspis curta — BOULENGER 1896: 353
Brachyaspis curtus — WORRELL 1963
Notechis curtus — STORR 1982
Echiopsis curta — COGGER 1983: 224
Echiopsis curta — WELCH 1994: 57
Echiopsis curta — COGGER 2000: 649
Echiopsis curta — WILSON & SWAN 2010
Echiopsis curta martinekae HOSER 2012
Echiopsis curta — WALLACH et al. 2014: 254
Echiopsis curta — EIPPER & EIPPER 2024: 139 
DistributionAustralia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia)

Type locality: vicinity of King George's Sound, W. A.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 0953
Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.17.87-89 from S. A.; 2 syntypes cited in original description not found [temporalis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Cogger 1986 ? (fide Hutchinson 1990, who doesn’t cite Cogger 1986), and we are not aware of any Cogger paper published in 1986.


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CommentSynonymy partly after COGGER 1983.

Type species: Naja curta is the type species of the genus Echiopsis FITZINGER 1843.

Venomous!

Type species: Naja curta SCHLEGEL 1837: 486 is the type species of the genus Brachyaspis BOULENGER 1896.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyThe specific epithet curtus (Latin) means short or incomplete, possibly referring to the short overall body length.

The genus Echiopsis was presumably named after the base genus Echis, commonly used in other elapid names (e.g., Notechis, Pseudechis, Tropidechis, Unechis) despite originally applying to a viper, plus the suffix -opsis (having the appearance of). Derivation not stated by Fitzinger (1843). 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Bush, B. & Maryan, B. 2006. Snakes and Snake-like Reptiles of Southern Western Australia. Snakes Harmful & Harmless, Stoneville, Perth, Western Australia, 40 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Eipper T & Eipper S 2024. SNAKES OF AUSTRALIA. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 368 pp. - get paper here
  • Guibé, J. & Roux-Estève, R. 1972. Les types de Schlegel (Ophidiens) présents dans les collections du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 129-134 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine snakes of the British Museum. London, I - XVI, 1 - 281 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1862. On new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 9: 124-132 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R.T. 2012. Some new small-eyed snakes from Australia and New Guinea (Serpentes: Elapidae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 13:3–7. - get paper here
  • Hutchinson M N 1990. The generic classification of the Australian terrestrial elapid snakes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (3): 397-405 - get paper here
  • Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O’Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
  • Maryan, B., Gaikhorst, G., & Parkhurst, B. 2024. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the Zuytdorp coast and hinterland of Western Australia: Exceptional richness in a global biodiversity hotspot. Western Australian Naturalist, 33, 3
  • Maryan, Brad 1995. Range extension for some snakes in Western Australia [Echiopsis curta; Vermicella bimaculata; Demansia rufescens]. Herpetofauna (Sydney) 25 (1): 48
  • McCoy, F. 1878. Pseudechys porphyriacus (SHAW SP.). The Black Snake. Hoplocephalus superbus (Günth.) The Copper-head snake [... etc...] Prodromus of the Zoology of Victoria 1: 5- - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Shine, R. 1982. Ecology of the Australian elapid snake Echiopsis curta. Journal of Herpetology 16 (4): 388-393 - get paper here
  • Storr G M 1980. A new Brachyaspis (Serpentes: Elapidae) from Western Australia. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 8 (3): 397-399 - get paper here
  • Swan, G.; Sadlier, R.; Shea, G. 2017. A field guide to reptiles of New South Wales. Reed New Holland, 328 pp.
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
  • Worrell, E. 1963. Reptiles of Australia. Angus & Robertson (Sydney), xv + 207 pp
 
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