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Eirenis occidentalis RAJABIZADEH, NAGY, ADRIAENS, AVCI, MASROOR, SCHMIDTLER, NAZAROV, ESMAEILI & CHRISTIAENS, 2015

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymEirenis (Pseudocyclophis) occidentalis RAJABIZADEH et al. 2015
Cyclophis persicus ANDERSON 1872 (part.)
Contia persica persica — TERENT ÉV & CHERNOV 1965 
DistributionSE Turkey (E Taurus Mountains and foothills), through in W Iran (Kermanshah)

Type locality: Between Diyarbakır and Siverek, 48 km west of Diyarbakır (37°49′12.3′′N, 39°37′58.5′′E), Sanlıurfa Province, Turkey (Fig. 2 in RAJABIZADEH et al. 2015). Elevation 1100 m a.s.l.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZDEU 136/2005, Adult male, legit. I ̇. Baran, Y. Kumlutas, Ç. Ilgaz, and A. Avcı, 01.v.2005. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Eirenis occidentalis sp. nov. is differentiated from all other congeners by having the unique combination of 186–213 ventrals in females and 204–224 in males; 46–59 subcaudals in females and 42–58 in males; ratio of the tail length over total length 13.43–19.49 in males and 13.05–18.99 in females; usually seven, rarely eight, infralabials; unicoloured dorsum, anterior dorsal scales without dark base. 
Comment 
EtymologyThe name ‘occidentalis’ (Latin: ‘western’) indicates the westernmost known distribution of the taxon amongst the known species within the subgenus Pseudocyclophis. 
References
  • Anderson, J. 1872. On some Persian, Himalayan, and other Reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1872: 371-404 - get paper here
  • CANDAN, Kamil; Serkan GÜL; Yusuf KUMLUTAŞ 2018. Locality Records for Eirenis occidentalis (Rajabizadeh, Nagy, Adriaens, Avcı, Masroor, Schmidtler, Nazarov, Esmaeili & Christiaens, 2015) and Eirenis punctatolineatus (Boettger, 1892) (Squamata: Colubridae) from eastern Anatolia (Turkey). Biharean Biologist 2018: e181304
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Rajabizadeh, M. 2018. Snakes of Iran. [in Farsi] Tehran: Iranshenasi, 496 pp. [2017 ?] - get paper here
  • Rajabizadeh, Mahdi; Zoltán T. Nagy, Dominique Adriaens, Aziz Avci, Rafaqat Masroor, Josef Schmidtler, Roman Nazarov, Hamid Reza Esmaeili and Joachim Christiaens 2015. Alpine–Himalayan orogeny drove correlated morphological, molecular, and ecological diversification in the Persian dwarf snake (Squamata: Serpentes: Eirenis persicus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176 (4): 878-913 [2016], DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12342 - get paper here
  • Terentjev, P. V. and Chernov, S. A. 1965. Key to amphibians and reptiles. 3rd edition. Translated from Russian. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd., Jerusalem.
  • Yıldız MZ. 2020. Herpetofauna of Kilis Province (Southeast Anatolia, Turkey). Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 14(2) [General Section]: 145–156 (e242) - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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