You are here » home search results Elaphe quatuorlineata

Elaphe quatuorlineata LACÉPÈDE, 1789

IUCN Red List - Elaphe quatuorlineata - Near Threatened, NT

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Elaphe quatuorlineata?

Add your own observation of
Elaphe quatuorlineata »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesElaphe quatuorlineata muenteri (BEDRIAGA 1882)
Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata (LACEPEDE 1789)
Elaphe quatuorlineata scyrensis CATTANEO 1999
Elaphe quatuorlineata parensis CATTANEO 1999 
Common NamesE: Four-lined snake (or ratsnake)
G: Vierstreifennatter
sauromates: E: Eastern Four-lined Ratsnake
sauromates: G: Östliche Vierstreifennatter
NL: vierstreepslang
Croatian: četveroprugi kravosas
Italian: cervone 
SynonymColuber quatuor-lineatus LACÉPÈDE 1789: 142
Coluber quatuor-lineatus — BONNATERRE 1790: 44
Coluber nauii DONNDORF 1798: 206 (fide BOULENGER 1894)
Coluber quadristriatus DONNDORF 1798: 207 (fide BOULENGER 1894)
Coluber quaterradiatus GMELIN 1799: 158 (fide BOULENGER 1894)
Coluber quadrilineatus — DAUDIN 1803: 266
Coluber pictus PALLAS 1811: 45 (fide BOULENGER 1894)
Coluber alpestris MÉNÉTRIES 1832: 68 (fide BOULENGER 1894)
Coluber poecilocephalus FISCH. De WALDH. 1832: 575 (fide BOULENGER)
Elaphis sauromates var. graeca BEDRIAGA
Elaphis quater-radiatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 254
Elaphis cervone SCHREIBER 1875: 254
Elaphis cervone — MOJSISOVICS 1889: 244
Coluber quaterradiatus — BOETTGER 1891: 418
Coluber quatuorlineatus — BOULENGER 1894: 45
Coluber quatuorlineatus — BOULENGER 1913
Elaphe quatuorlineata preamatura WERNER 1935
Elaphe quattuorlineata — BUSEKE 1982 (in error)
Elaphe quatuorlineata — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Elaphe quatuorlineata — SCHULZ 1996: 209
Elaphe quatuorlineata — HELFENBERGER 2001
Elaphe quatuorlineata — UTIGER et al. 2002
Elaphe quatuorlineata — WALLACH et al. 2014: 262
Elaphe quatuorlineata — KWET & TRAPP 2015

Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata (LACÉPÈDE 1789)
Coluber quatuorlineatus LACEPEDE 1789
Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata — CATTANEO 1999
Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata — THANOU et al. 2019

Elaphe quatuorlineata muenteri BEDRIAGA 1882
Elaphis sauromates var. muenteri BEDRIAGA 1882
Elaphe quatuorlineata rechingeri WERNER 1932
Elaphe rechingeri — CLARK 1994
Elaphe quatuorlineata muenteri — LENK et al. 2001
Elaphe rechingeri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 263
Elaphe quatuorlineata muenteri — THANOU et al. 2019

Elaphe quatuorlineata scyrensis CATTANEO 1999
Elaphe quatuorlineata scyrensis — THANOU et al. 2019

Elaphe quatuorlineata parensis CATTANEO 1999
Elaphe quatuorlineata parensis — THANOU et al. 2019 
Distributioncoastal Croatia (including some adriatic islands), Serbia, Slovenia, Hercegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia, Albania, Greece (Paros, Skyros, Skopelos e Alonissos, Lefkada and Zakynthos, Kerkyra= Corfu = Corfou, Samothraki, Andros, Tinos, Kea), W Bulgaria,
Italy: north to Tuscany and Umbria

Type locality: see comment (in error)

muenteri: Naxos, Amorgos, Ios, Folegandros, and a few other nearby islands, Greece (see Kornilios et al. 2014 for a map)

parensis: Paros Island, Greece

rechingeri: Greece (Amorgos Island); Type locality: Inseln Amorgos, (süd-östliche Cycladen), Cycladenarchipel” [= Amorgos Island, cenral Cyclades, SE Greece, bet. 36°46’–56’N & 25°44’–26°05’E].

scyrensis: Skyros Island, Greece, Type locality: Isola di Skyros (Sporadi settentrionali, Grecia)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unlocated, was in Coll. Cattaneo (King of France’s cabinet, Paris)
Holotype: private collection, EQ/PR 9 (10) C C. (= Collezione Erpetologica Augusto Cattaneo, Roma); Paratypes: ZFMK and in Coll. Cattaneo [parensis]
Holotype: unknown fide Schulz 1996: 213 [muenteri]
Holotype: private collection, EQ/SK 6 (1) CC (= Collezione Erpetologica Augusto Cattaneo, Roma); s. ad. n. (= subadult ?), leg. Cristina Cattaneo, 12 maggio 1993 [scyrensis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (parensis): “Un Elaphe quatuorlineata che si distingue dalla forma muenteri (probabile progenitrice) in base alle divergenze correlate alle diverse interazioni biotiche: a Paros manca infatti Podarcis erhardii, è presente invece Elaphe situla. Queste interazioni comportano tendenze alimentari diverse, in quanto rivolte agli uccelli (uova e nidiacei) e ai mammiferi di media mole (giovani ratti e conigli selvatici). Ne derivano maggiori dimensioni sia del neonato (P medio 17 g), sia del giovane adulto (maturità sessuale e abito a strisce a 90-100 cm), sia dell'adulto a pieno sviluppo (Lt 150-160 cm; P 700-900 g), con conseguente maggior numero di uova alla deposizione (9-18).
Si differenzia altresì non solo per la tendenza alla riduzione del numero di squame ventrali (x = 205 nei [male symbols], 212,7 nelle [female symbols] ), ma soprattutto per il più basso numero di squame dorsali a metà tronco (x = 23, moda 23 nei [male symbols]; x = 24, moda 23 nelle [female symbols]) (si consideri che questi valori della folidosi del tronco distaccano nettamente E. q. parensis non solo da muenteri, ma anche da quatuorlineata sensu stricto).”


Additional details (2493 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIllustration of Elaphe quatuorlineata muenteri in CIMATTI (2003).

Synonymy: The unstriped ssp. rechingeri, was synonymized with E. q. muenteri by Lenk et al. (2001) as they were found genetically almost identical.

Subspecies: Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates is now treated as full species. Kornilios et al. 2014 support the recognition of three genetic lineages that roughly correspond to the morphological subspecies, although they recomment to re-evaluate the morphological characters used for their discrimination. However, the status of parensis remained unclear in this study due to the lack of samples. Similarly, Thanou et al. 2020 considered subspecies as premature.
Wallach et al. 2014 cite Clark 1994 as source for the validity of E. rechingeri.

Type locality: The type locality in Lacepède (1789) is given as "Provence, France" in error for that species.

It might be that the type specimen was in fact a Elaphe (now Rhinechis) scalaris (See Böhme & Scerbak 2003). Bonnaterre's description (1790) is based most probable on the same specimen. Lacepède's Work (1789) is rejected as invalid for Nomenclature (ICZN 1987). The next valid description is that of Bonnaterre (1790). Clarification of this complex nomenclatoric problem is needed.

Distribution: listed as questionable/possible for Jordan by DISI et al. 2001. Reports from Romania are E. sauromates (previously E. quatuorlineata suaromates). Not in Syria (as reported by BERGER -DELL’MOUR 1986); reports from Syria are E. sauromates. See map in Thanou et al. (2020) for subspecies. For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013.

Type locality: Provence, France (in error)

Type species: Coluber quatuorlineatus LACEPEDE 1789 is the type species of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger 1833.

Nomenclature: The name Coluber quatuorlineatus LACEPEDE 1789 was put on the Official list of specific names in Zoology by ICZN Opinion 490. However, Opinion 1463 largely suppressed Lacepede’s 1789 names of snakes.

Habitat: terrestrial (Harrington et al. 2018). 
References
  • Aloise, Gaetano; Antonio Mazzei, Pietro Brandmayr 2010. An attempted predation on a Four-lined snake Elaphe quatuorlineata (Lacépède, 1789) by a Common Buzzard Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758). Acta Herpetologica 5 (1): 103-106 - get paper here
  • Berger-Dell'mour, H. 1986. Zur Herpetofauna des Golan [Syria]. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. in Wien (Ser. B) 87: 59-67. - get paper here
  • Berthold, M. 1976. Beobachtungen bei Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates. Aquar. Terr. 23, 314.
  • Beshkov, V & Nanev, K 2006. The Amphibians and Reptiles in Bulgaria. Pensoft Series Faunistica 46, 120 pp.
  • Boettger, Oskar 1891. Reptilien von Euboea. Zool. Anz. 14: 418 - get paper here
  • Böhme, W. & Scherbak, N. N. 1993. Elaphe quatuorlineata (Lacépède, 1789). In: Böhme, W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Wiesbaden, Aula Verlag, pp. 374-396
  • Böhme, Wolfgang 2014. Herpetology in Bonn. Mertensiella 21. vi + 256 pp. - get paper here
  • Bonnaterre, P.J. 1790. Ophiologie, in Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature. Panconoke, Paris, XLIV + 76 pp + 43 plates - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1913. The snakes of Europe. Methusen & Co. Ltd, London, 151 pp.
  • Bowles, Frank D. 2001. A short note on the herpetofauna of the Palinuro Peninsula, Cliento, Southern Campania, Italy. Herpetological Bulletin (77): 30-32 - get paper here
  • Boyan Petrov; Pavel Stoev; Vladimir Beshkov 2001. A review on the species composition and distribution of the amphibians (Amphibia) and reptiles (Reptilia) in the Eastern Rhodopes Mountain, Bulgaria [in Russian] Hist. Nat. Bulgarica 13: 127-153 - get paper here
  • Buseke, D. 1982. Die Schlangen der Südbulgarischen Schwarzmeerküste. Sauria 4 (2): 5-9 - get paper here
  • Bussmann, Michael; Kostyra, Stefan 1996. Ergänzende Mitteilungen zur Herpetofauna des Köycegiz-Beckens (Prov. Mugla, Türkei) mit Hinweis auf ein neues Vorkommen von Elaphe hohenackeri. Salamandra 32 (1): 59-62 - get paper here
  • Cattaneo, A. 1990. I serpenti delle isole greche di Kythnos e Kea (Cicladi occidentali). Att. Soc. ital. Sci. nat. Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Milano 131(11): 209 - 219 - get paper here
  • Cattaneo, A. 1999. Variabilità e sottospecie di Elaphe quattuorlineata (Lacépède) nelle piccole isole Egee (Serpentes: Colubridae). Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano 140: 119-139 - get paper here
  • Cattaneo, A. 1999. Gli anfibi e i rettili delle isole greche di Skyros, Skopelos e Alonissos (Sporadi settentrionali). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civoco di Storia Naturale di Milano, 139 (2): 127-149 [1998] - get paper here
  • CHRISTOPOULOS, APOSTOLOS; KONSTANTINOS VLACHOPOULOS & INIOCHOS CHRISTOPOULOS. 2021. The herpetofauna of drained Lake Karla (Thessaly, Greece): distribution and threats. Herpetology Notes 14: 1385–1405. - get paper here
  • Cimatti, E. 2003. Sacred snakes of the Mediterranean. Reptilia (GB) (26): 52-58 - get paper here
  • Clark, R. 1994. New observations on the Elaphe snakes from Amorgos (Cyclades, Greece) and the validity of Elaphe rechingeri Werner as an endemic species. The Herpetological Journal 4 (3): 91-97 - get paper here
  • Clark, R.J. 1967. Comments on the Subspecies of the Snake Elaphe quatuorlineata in Greece. Copeia 1967 (4): 868-871 - get paper here
  • Covaciu-Marcov S.-D.; Ghira, I.; Cicort-Lucaciu A.-St., Sas I.; Strugariu, A. & Bogdan H. V. 2006. Contributions to knowledge regarding the geographical distribution of the herpetofauna of Dobrudja, Romania. North-Western Journal of Zoology 2 (2): 88-125 - get paper here
  • Daudin, F. M. 1803. Histoire Naturelle Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Vol. 6. F. Dufart, Paris, 447 pp. - get paper here
  • DI NICOLA, MATTEO RICCARDO 2019. A revised dichotomous key to the snakes of Italy (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes), according to recent systematic updates. Zootaxa 4686 (2): 294–296 - get paper here
  • Dieckmann, Martin 2017. Die Kvarner-Bucht. Eine Schnittstelle zwischen den Ökosystemen Europas. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (2): 26-33 - get paper here
  • Dieckmann, Martin & Karin Dieckmann 2010. Die mythischen Inseln: Cres und Lošinj. Draco 11 (42): 40-53
  • Donndorff, JOHANN AUGUST 1798. Zoologische Beyträge zur xiii. Ausgabe des Linnéischen Natursystems. Vol. 3. Leipzig, Weidmannschen, vi+980 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 7 (partie 1). Paris, xvi + 780 S. - get paper here
  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp
  • Dyugmedzhiev A, Slavchev M, Naumov B 2019. Emergence and dispersal of snakes after syntopic hibernation. Herpetozoa 32: 149-157 - get paper here
  • Engelmann, W.E. et al. 1993. Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas. Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
  • Esser, S. 2009. Die Vierstreifennatter - Elaphe quatuorlineata (LACEPEDE 1789). Draco 10 (39): 31-37 - get paper here
  • Filippi, E., L. Rugiero, M. Capula, D. Capizzi & L. Luiselli 2005. Comparative Food Habits and Body Size of Five Populations of Elaphe quatuorlineata: the Effects of Habitat Variation, and the Consequences of Intersexual Body Size Dimorphism on Diet Divergence Copeia 2005 (3): 517-525. - get paper here
  • Filippi, Ernesto 2003. The effects of timbering on a snake community of a Mediterranean area of central Italy. Amphibia-Reptilia 24 (1): 75-78 - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Geniez, Philippe 2018. Snakes of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Princeton University Press, 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Gmelin, S.G. 1798. Beschreibung zweyer neuer Schlangenarten. Der Naturforscher 28: 154-171 - get paper here
  • Gruber, U. 2009. Die Schlangen Europas, 2. Aufl. Kosmos Naturführer, 266 pp.
  • Gruber, U. & Fuchs, D. 1977. Die Herpetofauna des Paros-Archipels (Zentral-Ägäis). Salamandra 13 (2): 60-77 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1888. On a collection of reptiles from China. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1: 165-172 - get paper here
  • GVOZDENOVIĆ, S., & IKOVIĆ, V. 2022. CHECKLIST OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MONTENEGRO AND THEIR CONSERVATION STATUS. Natura Montenegrina, Podgorica, 2022, 14 (2): 93-105 - get paper here
  • Haan, C.C. de 1982. Kweekresultaten [Breeding results]: Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata (erratum). Litteratura Serpentium 2 (5): 256 - get paper here
  • Haan, C.C. de 1982. Kweekresultaten [Breeding results]: Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata. Litteratura Serpentium 2 (4): 256 - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 2006. Die von LACEPÈDE (1756 - 1825) in die Herpetologie eingeführten Taxa und ihr Schicksal. Sekretär 6 (2): 26-29 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Helfenberger, Notker 2001. Phylogenetic relationship of Old World Ratsnakes based on visceral organ topography, osteology, and allozyme variation. Russ. J. Herpetol. (Suppl.): 1-56 - get paper here
  • Hingley, Kevin J. 1995. Captive reproduction in the Eastern four-lined snake, Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates. Litteratura Serpentium 15 (3): 70-73 - get paper here
  • ICZN 1987. Opinion 1463. De Lacepede 1788-1789, Histoire Naturelle des Serpens and later editions: rejected as a non-binominal work. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 44(4): 265-267. - get paper here
  • Itescu, Yuval; Simon Jamison, Alex Slavenko, Karin Tamar, Stephanos A. Roussos, Johannes Foufopoulos, Shai Meiri, Panayiotis Pafilis 2017. The herpetofauna of Folegandros Island (Cyclades, Greece). Herpetozoa 29 (3/4): 183 - 190 - get paper here
  • Jablonski D, Kukushkin OV, Avcı A, Bunyatova S, Kumlutaş Y, Ilgaz Ç, Polyakova E, Shiryaev K, Tuniyev B, Jandzik D. 2019. The biogeography of Elaphe sauromates (Pallas, 1814), with a description of a new rat snake species. PeerJ 7:e6944 - get paper here
  • Kasapidis, Panagiotis;Provatidou, Sofia;Maragou, Panagiota;Valakos, Efstratios D. 1996. Neue Daten über die Herpetofauna von Lesbos (ägäische Inseln, Griechenland) und einige biogeographische Bemerkungen über die Inseln des nordöstlichen ägäischen Archipels. Salamandra 32 (3): 171-180 - get paper here
  • Klesius, Thomas 2013. Wenn die Kälte kommt – die Überwinterung von Schlangen. Draco 14 (55): 50-56 - get paper here
  • Kolodziej, K. 2019. Lebende Fossilien und neue Arten – herpetologische Highlights vom nordwestitalienischen Festland. Reptilia (Münster) 24 (137): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Kornilios, Panagiotis; Evanthia Thanou, Petros Lymberakis, Roberto Sindaco, Cristiano Liuzzi and Sinos Giokas 2014. Mitochondrial phylogeography, intraspecific diversity and phenotypic convergence in the four-lined snake (Reptilia, Squamata). Zoologica Scripta 43 (2): 149–160, DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12045 - get paper here
  • Kotenko, T.I. 2001. New data on distribution of two vulnerable snake species (Reptilia, Colubridae) in the northern Crimea. Vestnik Zoologii 35(6): 32
  • Kratzer, H. 1973. Über die Vierstreifennatter (Elaphe quatuorlineata) von Antimilos und die Problematik der Unterarten dieser Species im Raum der südlichen Ägäis. Salamandra 9 (3-4): 103-117 - get paper here
  • KUMLUTAS, Y.;MEHMET ÖZ, M. RIZVAN TUNÇ, YAKUP KASKA, ADEM ÖZDEMIR & SERDAR DÜSEN 2004. On snake species of the Western Taurus range, Turkey. Nat. Croat. 13 (1): 19-33
  • Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Lacepède, B. G. E. 1789. Histoire Naturelle des Quadrupèdes Ovipares et de Serpens. Vol.2. lmprimerie du Roi, Hôtel de Thou, Paris, 671 pp. - get paper here
  • Lacepède, B. G. E. 1790. Histoire Naturelle des Quadrupèdes Ovipares et de Serpens. Vol. 3. Paris: Chez Saugrain, 350 pp. - get paper here
  • Lenk, P.; Joger, U. & Wink, M. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships among European ratsnakes of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger based on mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons. Amphibia-Reptilia 22 (3): 329-339 - get paper here
  • Lindholm W.A. 1929. Die wissenschaflichen Namen einiger Reptilien und Batrachier. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 85(3/4): 76–80
  • Lotze, H. U. 1974. Eine Vierstreifennatter (Elaphe quatuorlineata) von der Sporadeninsel Kos. Salamandra 10 (1): 27-30 - get paper here
  • Lotze, H. U. 1977. Eine Berichtigung: Coluber ravergieri non Elaphe quatuorlineata von der Sporadeninsel Kos (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae). Salamandra 13 (2): 117 - get paper here
  • Machts, Tobias 2010. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Peloponnes-Halbinsel. Draco 11 (42): 65-72
  • Madl, Robert 2017. First record of Elaphe quatuorlineata (BONNATERRE, 1790), from the Island of Dugi Otok (Croatia). Herpetozoa 30 (1/2): 96 - 100 - get paper here
  • Marle, R. van 1987. The keeping and hibernating of Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata. Litteratura Serpentium 7 (2): 57-61 - get paper here
  • Mazzotti, Stefano; Danio Miserocchi 2010. Un modello di collezione erpetologica dei musei italiani: l’esempio del Museo di Storia Naturale di Ferrara. A herpetological collection model of the italian museums: the example of the Museo di Storia Naturale of Ferrara. Museologia Scientifica Memorie 2010 (5): 106-117
  • Ménétries, E. 1832. Catalogue raisonné des objets de zoologie recueillis dans un voyage au caucase et jusqu’aux frontières actuelles de la Perse. L’Académie Impériale des Sciences, St. -Pétersbourg - get paper here
  • Meyer, M. 2005. Die Schlangenprozession von Cocullo. Reptilia (Münster) 10 (52): 72-78 - get paper here
  • Mezzasalma, M., Visone, V., Petraccioli, A., Odierna, G., Capriglione, T. and Guarino, F. M. 2016. Non-random accumulation of LINE1-like sequences on differentiated snake W chromosomes. Journal of Zoology. doi:10.1111/jzo.12355 - get paper here
  • Mojsisovics, A. v. 1889. Zoogeographische Notizen über Süd-Ungarn aus den Jahren 1886— 1888. Zugleich ein III. Nachtrag zur „Fauna von Bellye und Dárda”. Mitt. naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark 25: 233-250 - get paper here
  • Nemanja Ristic, Ljiljana Tomovic , Rastko Ajtic, Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailovic 2006. First record of the four-lined snake Elaphe quatuorlineata (Lacépède, 1789) in Serbia. Acta Herpetologica 1 (2)
  • Niekisch, M. 1982. Zum Vorkommen der Vierstreifennatter (Elaphe quatuorlineata) in Norditalien. Salamandra 18 (3-4): 352-354 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Pallas, P. S. 1814. Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium in extenso Imperio Rossico , et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicilia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. Vol. 3. Caesarea Academie Scientiarum; Petropoli. vii + 428 + cxxv pages. [1811-1831] - get paper here
  • Pawlowski, S. & Krämer, C. 2009. Bemerkungen zur Herpetologie des nordwestlichen Kroatiens. Sauria 31 (4): 19-30 - get paper here
  • Peracca, M.G. 1886. Osservazioni intorno alIa deposizione ed incubazione artificiale delle ova dell'Elaphis Quaterradiatus (Latr). Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia comparata della R. Universita di Torino, 1(16): 1-8 - get paper here
  • Petzhold, H.-G. 1975. Eine albinotische Vierstreifennatter, Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates, aus Bulgarien. Salamandra 11 (3-4): 113-118 - get paper here
  • Prötzel, David, Julia Forster, Tina Krautz & Frank Glaw 2018. Predator versus predator: Four-lined Snake (Elaphe quatuorlineata) feeding on a Least Weasel (Mustela nivalis) in Istria, Croatia (Serpentes, Colubridae & Carnivora, Mustelidae). Spixiana 41 (1): 157-159 - get paper here
  • Risti, Nemanja, Ljiljana Tomovi, Rastko Ajti and Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailovi. 2006. First record of the four-lined snake Elaphe quatuorlineata (Lacépède, 1789) in Serbia. Acta Herpetologica 1 (2):135--139
  • Romano, A., Sansone, L., Cacace, A., & Biancolini, D. 2023. Diversity, distribution, habitat preferences and community assemblages of Amphibians and Reptiles in the “Cilento, Vallo di Diano e Alburni” National Park (Campania, Southern Italy). Acta Herpetologica, 18(2), 115-129 - get paper here
  • RUGEIRO, LORENZO & LUCA LUISELLI 1996. ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON AN ISOLATED POPULATION OF THE SNAKE ELAPHE QUATUORLINEATA. The Herpetological Journal 6 (2): 53-55 - get paper here
  • Rugiero, L. 1998. Food habits and reproduction of the snake Elaphe quatuorlineata in southern Italy Amphibia-Reptilia, 19(4): 439-442. - get paper here
  • Rutschke, J.; Koepe, D. & Deichsel, G. 2005. Beobachtungen zu anthropogenen Einflüssen auf die Reptilienfauna des Peloponnes (Griechenland). Herpetofauna 25 (143): 17-28 [2003/2004] - get paper here
  • Sämann, Jürgen; Martin Dieckmann & Karin Dieckmann 2023. Krk – Island of the giants. Sauria 45 (3): 1-12
  • Schmidt B, Kranželić D, Majetić Đ, Lauš B, Štih A, Koren T 2020. Distribution and conservation status of the herpetofauna of Dugi Otok Island, Croatia. Herpetozoa 33: 191-205 - get paper here
  • Schreiber, E. 1875. Herpetologia Europaea. Eine systematische Bearbeitung der Amphibien und Reptilien, welche bisher in Europa aufgefunden sind. Braunschweig : Vieweg - get paper here
  • Schulz, K. D. 1996. Eine Monographie der Schlangengattung Elaphe Fitzinger. Bushmaster, Berg (CH): 1-460
  • Schulz, Klaus-Dieter 1996. A monograph of the colubrid snakes of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger. Koeltz Scientific Books, 439 pp.
  • Schweiger, M. 2012. Die Schlangenfauna der kroatischen Insel Krk. Ophidia 6 (2): 2-18 - get paper here
  • Sehnal, P. & Schuster, A. 1999. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf der Kvarnerinsel Cres, Kroatien. Ergebnisse von fünf Exkursionen. Herpetozoa 12 (3-4): 163-178 - get paper here
  • SEUFER, H. 2017. Beobachtungen zum Jagdverhalten der Vierstreifennatter Elaphe quatuorlineata (Bonnaterre, 1790). Sauria 39 (1): 28-30 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. and Rossi, R. 2020. First report on the herpetofauna of Meganissi (Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece). Herpetology Notes 13: 81-84. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Alberto Venchi, Giuseppe M. Carpaneto, Marco A. Bologna 2000. The Reptiles of Anatolia: a Checklist and Zoogeographical analysis. Biogeographia, 21-2000: 441-554. - get paper here
  • Skubowius, Bernd 2008. Das Erlebnis Schlangenprozession von Cocullo. Ophidia 2 (2): 2-10 - get paper here
  • Stevens, Kevin 1995. The European ratsnakes of the genus Elaphe. British Herpetological Society Bulletin (54): 10-20
  • Strachinis, Ilias; Dimitris Aravanis 2017. Additions to the known herpetofauna of the Island of Ithaki, Ionian Sea, Greece. Herpetozoa 30 (1/2): 64 - 66 - get paper here
  • Strohmeier, H. 1986. Beobachtungen an Vierstreifennattern, Elaphe q. quatuorlineata (LACEPEDE 1789), in Nordwestjugoslawien. Herpetofauna 8 (40): 34 - get paper here
  • THANOU, Evanthia; Panagiotis KORNILIOS, Petros LYMBERAKIS, Adam D. LEACHÉ 2019. Genomic and mitochondrial evidence of ancient isolations and extreme introgression in the four-lined snake. Current Zoology 66: 99-111 - get paper here
  • Thieme, U. 1983. Die östliche Vierstreifennatter, Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates. Herpetofauna 5 (24): 19-20 - get paper here
  • Tiedemann,F. & Häupl,M. 1978. Ein weiterer Nachweis von Elaphe quatuorlineata aus Syrien. Salamandra 14 (4): 212-214 - get paper here
  • Török, Zsolt 2006. GIS technique used for managing data on potential Natura 2000 sites. Case study: areas inhabited by Elaphe quatorlineata. Sc. Ann. Danube Delta Institute (Tulcea, Romania) 12: 201-210
  • TOSONOGLU, M. & GÜL, Ç. & UYSAL, I. 2009. The herpetofauna of Tenedos (Bozcaada, Turkey) [Short Note]. Herpetozoa 22: - get paper here
  • Tóth, Tamás, László Krecsák, Thomas Madsen and Beáta Újvári 2002. Herpetofaunal locality records on the Greek Islands of Corfu (Amphibia, Reptilia). Herpetozoa 15 (3/4):149-169 - get paper here
  • Trapp, B. 2007. Reptilien und Amphibien des griechischen Festlandes. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 300 pp. - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 1975. Europäische Amphibien und Reptilien. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 212 pp.
  • Uhrin, Marcel; Peter Havaš, Martin Minařík, Karel Kodejš, Imrich Bugoš, Stanislav Danko, Tomáš Husák, Daniel Koleska and Daniel Jablonski 2016. Distribution updates to amphibian and reptile fauna for the Republic of Macedonia. Herpetology Notes 9: 201-220 - get paper here
  • Utiger, Urs, Notker Helfenberger, Beat Schätti, Catherine Schmidt, Markus Ruf and Vincent Ziswiler 2002. Molecular systematics and phylogeny of Old World and New World ratsnakes, Elaphe Auct., and related genera (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae). Russ. J. Herpetol. 9 (2): 105-124. - get paper here
  • Veith, G. 1991. Die Reptilien Bosniens und der Herzegowina. Teil 2. Herpetozoa 4 (1-2): 1-96 - get paper here
  • Venchi, Alberto and Roberto Sindaco 2006. Annotated checklist of the reptiles of the Mediterranean countries, with keys to species identification. Part 2 -Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova, XCVIII: 259-364
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner, F. 1894. Die Reptilien- und Batrachierfauna der jonischen Inseln. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 44: 225-237 - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1932. Eine neue Schlange aus dem Cycladenarchipel. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math. naturwiss. Kl. 69: 232.
  • Wettstein-Westersheim, Otto 1963. Bemerkungen zu der Arbeit von K. F. Buchholz uber Elaphe quatuorlineata von den Zykladen. Ann. Naturhistor. Mus. Wien 66: 407-408 - get paper here
  • Wirth, M. 2009. Königinnen der europäischen Schlangen: Vierstreifennatter - Elaphe quatuorlineata), Äskulapnatter (Zamenis longissimus) und Leopardnatter (Zamenis situla). Draco 10 (39): 61-76 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2010. Der Mittelmeerraum – Landschaften und Herpetofauna in Südeuropa. Draco 11 (42): 4-23
  • Wirth, Michael 2012. „Fieldherping“. Die erfolgreiche Suche nach Reptilien im Freiland. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (3): 16-23 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2013. Das Geheimnis der Feuerschneisen. Terraria-Elaphe 2013 (3): 36-43 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2013. Toskana. Ein herpetologischer Überblick. Terraria-Elaphe 2013 (3): 41-24 - get paper here
  • Wütschert, R. 1984. Neues uber die Reptilienfauna der Insel Korfu. Salamandra 20 (4): 221-228 - get paper here
  • Zauner, Jochen 2023. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf dem Peloponnes (Griechenland). Sauria 45 (4): 1-17
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Elaphe&species=quatuorlineata

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator