Epictia undecimstriata (SCHLEGEL, 1839)
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Higher Taxa | Leptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
Subspecies | |
Common Names | E: Eleven-striped Blind Snake |
Synonym | Typhlops undecimstriatus SCHLEGEL 1839: 36 Epictia undecimstriata — GRAY 1845: 140 Leptotyphlops undecimstriatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 173 Leptotyphlops undecimstriatus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 45 Epictia undecimstriata — ADALSTEINSSON, BRANCH, TRAPE, VITT & HEDGES 2009 Epictia undecimstriata — WALLACH et al. 2014: 279 |
Distribution | Bolivia. Type locality: Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. |
Reproduction | oviparous |
Types | Holotype: lost (previously MNHN, according to HAHN 1980); not located at MNHN (I. Ineich, March 2019) |
Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus): Species of Epictia have 14 midbody scale rows, 10 (12 rarely) midtail scale rows, 155–396 middorsal scale rows, 10–30 subcaudals, two supralabials, large anterior supralabials, 109–341 mm maximum adult total length, a body shape of 28–90 (total length/width), relative tail length 3.3–11.5%, a tail shape of 2.1–6.1, striped pattern, multiple dorsal colors common (including reds and yellows), and brown ventral color (rarely white) (Table 2 in ADALSTEINSSON et al. 2009). Members also have normal-sized supraoculars (supraocular is lacking in E. nasalis), and this trait distinguishes Epictia from the other genus in the subtribe, Siagonodon, which lacks a supraocular. Other traits distinguishing the two genera show overlap, but species of Epictia tend to have more midtail scale rows, larger first supralabial (L), and a darker venter (Table 2). The support for this group was 97% BP and 100% PP for the four-gene tree (Fig. 3) and 100% BP and 100% PP for the nine-gene tree (Fig. 4). |
Comment | Type species: Typhlops undecimstriatus SCHLEGEL 1839 is the type species of the genus EPICTIA GRAY 1845. Abundance: only known from the type specimen (Koch et al. 2016). Synonymy: Kaiser et al. 2013 considered the generic name Crishagenus Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected its use instead of Epictia. |
Etymology | Apparently named after Latin undecim = 11 for having 11 stripes (Latin stria = stripe, notch, groove). The genus name is feminine and derived from the Latin e (without) and pictus (painted), apparently in allusion to absence of colors (only a brown dorsum) in the type species, Epictia undecimstriata. This name is ironic because most species in this genus, unknown at that time (Gray 1845), are among the most colorful in the family. |
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