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Eremias papenfussi MOZAFFARI, AHMADZADEH & PARHAM, 2011

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Papenfuss’s racerunner 
SynonymEremias papenfussi MOZAFFARI, AHMADZADEH & PARHAM 2011
Eremias papenfussi — MOZAFFARI et al. 2020 
DistributionIran (Tehran Province)

Type locality: Sooleghan Mountains (35° 47' 44.9" N, 51° 14' 20.2" E, elevation 1794 m, Tehran Province in the Alborz Mountain Range, Iran.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: ZFMK 91701 (♂), 59 mm snout-vent length (SVL), collected 14 April 2009; Paratypes: PHIM 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: By having movable eyelids, a lower nasal shield that rests on two supralabials, and ventral plates arranged in oblique longitudinal rows, we assign this new form to the genus Eremias. Iranian Ere- mias can be assigned to four morphologically-defined subgenera (Szczerbak 1974; Anderson 1999): Scapteria, Ommateremias, Rhabderemias, and Eremias. Whether these subgenera represent monophyletic groups or not remains to be tested with molecular phylogenetics, but as morphologically-defined taxa they are useful bins for comparing and diagnosing our new species. Eremias papenfussi can be excluded from the subgenus Scapteria by lacking the lateral fringes on the fourth toe (Fig. 2F) and by a subocular scale that is in contact with the edge of mouth (Fig. 2C). The latter character also excludes it from the subgenus Ommateremias. It can be excluded from the subgenus Rhabderemias by its large size and by having longitudinal dorsal stripes that are broken into a spotted pattern (Anderson, 1999). Within the Iranian members of the subgenus Eremias, E. papenfussi can be differentiated from Eremias strauchi Kessler, 1878 by having a smaller size (57–62 mm SVL versus 68–76), the absence of dis- tinctly keeled upper caudal scales (Fig. 2D), and color pattern (having dark and light marks on upper labials and lacking the color ocelli on flanks). It can be distinguished from Eremias suphani (Basoglu and Hellmich, 1968) by lacking the extension of gular scales to the second inframaxiallary scales (the second and third pair of submaxillary shields are in contact) (Fig. 2A). It can be distinguished from Eremias lalezharica Moravec, 1994 by having fewer gular scales (24–28 versus 33–40), fewer collar scales (10–12 versus 13–15), and more femoral pores (19–26 ver- sus 16–18). It can be distinguished from Eremias novo Rastegar-Pouyani and Rastegar-Pouyani, 2006 by having fewer mid-dorsum scales (56–63 versus 63–67), more transverse rows of ventral plates (30–33 versus 27–30), and more gular scales (24–28 versus 23–24). It can be distinguished from Eremias montanus Rastegar-Pouyani and Rastegar-Pouyani, 2001 by having fewer mid-dorsum scales (56–63 versus 63–67), more transverse rows of ventral plates (30–33 versus 27–28), and more gulars (24–28 versus 23–25). It can be distinguished from Eremias velox (Pallas, 1771) by having more mid-dorsum scales (56–63 versus 46–56) and lacking lateral dark-margined blue ocelli. It can be distinguished from Eremias persica Blanford, 1875 by having fewer gular scales (24–28 versus 28– 39) and its juvenile coloration (ventral surface of tail reddish versus bluish).
 
CommentDistribution: See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran. 
EtymologyThe epithet papenfussi is for Theodore Johnstone Papenfuss of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California, Berkeley, in honor of his extensive contributions to the field of herpetology through the collecting of new specimens and the training of herpetologists around the world. 
References
  • Anooshe, K., Sohrab, A., Masoud, Y., Eskandar, R. P., Mahdi, R., Faraham, A., ... & Loïc, P. 2020. Reptile species richness associated to ecological and historical variables in Iran. Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group), 10(1) - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang 2014. Herpetology in Bonn. Mertensiella 21. vi + 256 pp. - get paper here
  • Gholamifard, A 2011. Endemism in the reptile fauna of Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 7 (1) - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Mozaffari, O. & Ahmadzadeh, F. & Parham, J. F. 2011. Eremias papenfussi sp. nov., a new lacertid lizard (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Tehran Province, Iran. Zootaxa 3114: 57-62 - get paper here
  • Mozaffari, Omid; FARAHAM AHMADZADEH, REIHANEH SABERI-PIROOZ 2020. Fahimi’s racerunner, a new species of the genus Eremias Fitzinger, 1834 (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Iran. Zootaxa 4768 (4): 565–578 - get paper here
  • RASTEGAR-POUYANI, ESKANDAR; SAEED HOSSEINIAN, SOOLMAZ RAFIEE, HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABIZADEH, MICHAEL WINK 2016. A new species of the genus Eremias Fitzinger, 1834 (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Central Iran, supported by mtDNA sequences and morphology. Zootaxa 4132 (2): 207–220 - get paper here
  • ŠMÍD, JIŘÍ; JIŘÍ MORAVEC, PETR KODYM, LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, SEYYED SAEED HOSSEINIAN YOUSEFKHANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI & DANIEL FRYNTA 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 001–097 - get paper here
 
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