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Eutropis macrophthalma (MAUSFELD & BÖHME, 2002)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Mabuyinae (Mabuyini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymMabuya macrophthalma MAUSFELD & BÖHME 2002
Eutropis grandis HOWARD, GILLESPIE, RIYANTO & ISKANDAR 2007
Eutropis macrophthalma — AMARASINGHE et al. 2018 
DistributionIndonesia (N Sulawesi, Buton Island)

Type locality: see comment

grandis: Indonesia (Sulawesi); Type locality: Lambusango Reserve, Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, 5°12’59’’S, 122°52’10’’E, 400 m elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous (phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZFMK 71717, female
Holotype: MZB 4862, male [grandis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (grandis): A large species, snout–vent length (SVL) 105.3–135.5 mm for mature females (N 5 10) and 116.9–142.6 mm for mature males (N 5 8); snout tapered, rounded at tip, snout length 43–54% head length and 49–69% head breadth; head breadth 68–86% head length and 14–18% SVL; eye diameter 43–64% snout length and 28–38% head breadth (Table 1). Rostral contacts frontonasal; supranasals separated; prefrontals contact at midline or narrowly separated; frontal slightly tapered, twice length of frontoparietal or equal to frontoparietal and interparietal combined; frontal contacts second supraocular (rarely narrow contact with first supraocular); four large supraoculars; frontoparietals distinct; interparietal large, separating parietals, and depth equal to that of parietals; anterior loreal square in shape and half length of posterior loreal; supralabials 8 (rarely 7 or 9), sixth beneath eye (subocular); infralabials 8 (rarely 9 or 10); mental as broad as postmental; tympanum 25–30% eye diameter, deeply sunk, small and lacking lobules; dorsal and lateral scales with three prominent and two (sometimes three) secondary keels; head shields embossed; midbody scale rows 25–27; paravertebrals 32–40; preanal scales 6, rarely enlarged; limbs well developed, adpressed hind limb 96– 130% axilla–groin distance and 41–63% SVL; fourth finger length 25–27% forelimb length; fourth toe length 32–34% hind-limb length; toes rank 4,3,5,2,1 longest to shortest; subdigital lamellae on fourth toe 20–24. 
CommentSynonymy: Amarasinghe et al. 2018 synonymized Eutropis grandis with Eutropis macrophthalma.

Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024.

Etymology: The specific name ‘‘grandis’’ meaning ‘‘large.’’

Distribution: The type locality of E. macrophthalma (”Java”) is probably in error fide AMARASINGHE et al. 2018.

NCBI taxon ID: 1545750 [grandis] 
EtymologyNamed after the Latinized Greek makros = large, and ophthalmos = eye, pointing on the remarkably large eyes of the new species. 
References
  • Amarasinghe, A.A. Thasun; Panupong Thammachoti, Patrick D. Campbell, Jakob Hallermann, Sujan M. Henkanaththegedara, D.M.S. Suranjan Karunarathna, Awal Riyanto, Eric N. Smith, and Ivan Ineich 2018. Systematic Composition of the Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl 1820) Species Complex (Squamata: Scincidae) and Designation of a Neotype. Herpetologica 74 (4): 342-354. - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang 2014. Herpetology in Bonn. Mertensiella 21. vi + 256 pp. - get paper here
  • GLÄSSER-TROBISCH, A. & TROBISCH, D. 2020. Begegnungen mit Hydrosaurus & Co. in der Wallacea. Teil 1: Drachen im Reich der Schmetterlinge – Sulawesi Sauria 42 (3): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Howard, S.D.; Gillespie, G.R.; Riyanto, A. & Iskandar, D. 2007. A New Species of Large Eutropis (Scincidae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Herpetology 41 (4): 604-610 - get paper here
  • Karin BR, Krone IW, Frederick J, Hamidy A, Laksono WT, Amini SS, Arida E, Arifin U, Bach BH, Bos C, Jennings CK, Riyanto A, Scarpetta SG, Stubbs AL, McGuire JA. 2023. Elevational surveys of Sulawesi herpetofauna 1: Gunung Galang, Gunung Dako Nature Reserve. PeerJ 11:e15766 - get paper here
  • Koch, A. 2011. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Sulawesi: Underestimated Diversity in a Dynamic Environment. In: F.E. Zachos and J.C. Habel (eds.), Biodiversity Hotspots. Springer, Berlin, p. 383-404 - get paper here
  • Koch, A. 2012. Discovery, Diversity, and Distribution of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Sulawesi and its offshore islands. Edition Chimaira, 374 pp. [ISBN 978-3-89973-432-4] - get paper here
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Mausfeld, P. & W. Böhme 2002. A new Mabuya from Java, Indonesia. Salamandra 38 (3): 135-139 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • RIDHA, MOHAMMAD ALI; MIRZA DIKARI KUSRINI, ANI MARDIASTUTI & NANCY KARRAKER. 2021. The amphibians and reptiles of Rawa Aopa Watumohai national park, southeast Sulawesi. Media Konservasi 26 (2): 128–138. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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