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Fowlea schnurrenbergeri (KRAMER, 1977)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bar-necked Keelback 
SynonymXenochrophis flavipunctatus schnurrenbergeri KRAMER 1977
Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri — VOGEL & DAVID 2006
Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 799
Fowlea schnurrenbergeri — PURKAYASTHA et al. 2019
Fowlea schnurrenbergeri — AMARASINGHE et al. 2022 
DistributionNepal, Pakistan, N India (Orissa = Odisha, lalpaiguri, West Bengal; Nishangara, Varanasi [Banares], Uttar Pradesh, and Pattamundei, Kendrapara), Bangladesh

Type locality: Devanandpur, Bhairawa, Nepal, 83° 28’, 27° 30’, 150 m elevation  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MHNG 1377.44 fide KRAMER 1977, from Java (in the Greater Sundas, Indonesia); Collected by Hans Schnurrenberger. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (711 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSee also Xenochrophis piscator.

VIDAL et al. (2007) placed Xenochrophis in the family Natricidae.

Distribution: not in Pakistan fide KHAN 2004. See map in Amarasinghe et al. 2022: 213 (Fig. 9).

Habitat: mostly aquatic (flavipunctatus + schnurrenbergeri)

Behavior: diurnal. 
References
  • Amarasinghe, A. A., Bandara, S. K., Weerakkody, S., Campbell, P. D., Marques, D. A., Danushka, A. D., ... & Vogel, G. 2022. Systematics of the Sri Lankan Water Snakes of the Genus Fowlea Theobald 1868 (Reptilia: Natricidae). Herpetologica 78(3) : 201-219 - get paper here
  • Basri, M., & Nasar, Z. 2024. New Locality Record of Bar-Necked Keelback Fowlea Schnurrenbergeri (Kramer, 1977) in Northeastern Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Bioresource Management, 11(1), 11 - get paper here
  • Kästle , W., Rai, K. & Schleich, H.H. 2013. FIELD GUIDE to Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. ARCO-Nepal e.V., 625 pp. - get paper here
  • Kramer, E. 1977. Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 84 (3): 721-761. - get paper here
  • Mahamud, I., Asif, A. A., Shome, A. R., & Rahman, M. M. 2022. New Record of Bar-Necked Keelback, Fowlea schnurrenbergeri (Kramer, 1977)(Squamata: Colubridae) in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Zoology, 50(2), 273-276 - get paper here
  • Mohapatra, Pratyush P., Sushil K. Dutta and Siba Prasad Parida. 2010. Report of Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri Kramer, 1977 (Serpentes: Natricidae) from Orissa, India. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 94-96 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha J. 2013. An Amateur’s Guide to Reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers (India) - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, Jayaditya; JATIN KALITA, Rajeev Kungur Brahma, Robin Doley, MADHURIMA DAS 2018. A review of the relationships of Xenochrophis cerasogaster Cantor, 1839 (Serpentes: Colubridae) to its congeners. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 126-136, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4514.1.10 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, Jayaditya; Madhurima Das, and Saibal Sengupta 2011. Urban herpetofauna: a case study in Guwahati City of Assam, India. Herpetology Notes 4: 195-202 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, Jayaditya; Madhurima Das; Saibal Sengupta & Sushil K Dutta 2010. Notes on Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri Kramer, 1977 (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Assam, India with some comments on its morphology anddistribution. Herpetology Notes 3: 175-180
  • Vogel, G. & Patrick David 2006. On the taxonomy of the Xenochrophis piscator complex (Serpentes, Natricidae). Herpetologica Bonnensis II: 241-246 - get paper here
  • Vogel, Gernot 2010. Zur Systematik der Schlangen der orientalischen Region: Forschungsdefizite führen zur Unterschätzung der Artenvielfalt. Ophidia 4 (2): 18-26 - get paper here
  • VOGEL, Gernot & Patrick DAVID 2012. A revision of the species group of Xenochrophis piscator (Schneider, 1799) (Squamata: Natricidae). Zootaxa 3473: 1–60 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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