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Gekko vertebralis TODA, SENGOKU, HIKIDA & OTA, 2008

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymGekko vertebralis TODA, SENGOKU, HIKIDA & OTA 2008
Gekko (Japonigekko) vertebralis — WOOD et al. 2019
Gekko (Japonigekko) vertebralis — WOOD et al. 2020 
DistributionJapan (Ryukyu Archipelago)

Type locality: Japan, Ryukyu Archipelago, from Kodakarajima Island of the Tokara Group  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: KUZ R34204, adult male, 5 July 1994, M. Toda 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Gekko vertebralis is distinguished from all other congeneric species except G. tawaensis and G. shibatai in lacking distinct preanal pores in adult males. This species is distinct from G. tawaensis by possessing enlarged dorsal tubercles on body. Gekko vertebralis morphologically most resembles G. shibatai, but differs from the latter in having a larger number of FGR, a small internasal, beige to light brown supra- and infralabials each with a diffusely outlined darker spot (see above for conditions of these characters in G. shibatai), and fewer DTR (usually less than nine, vs. usually more than nine in G. shibatai). Female G. vertebralis can also be confused with female G. hokouensis (Fig. 5), but may be discriminated from the latter by fewer DTR (usually more than nine in G. hokouensis), more or less subdivided mid-dorsal dark blotches (usually undivided in G. hokouensis), and more WF (usually more than four, vs. typically four or fewer in G. hokouensis) and WT (usually more than three, vs. three or fewer in G. hokouensis). 
Comment 
EtymologyThe species epithet vertebralis refers to the series of prominent light interspaces between mid-dorsal dark blotches, which collectively form a vertebral column-like pattern. 
References
  • LUU, VINH QUANG; TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN, MINH DUC LE, MICHAEL BONKOWSKI, THOMAS ZIEGLER 2017. A new karst dwelling species of the Gekko japonicus group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from central Laos. Zootaxa 4263 (1): 179-193 - get paper here
  • NGUYEN, TRUONG QUANG; YING-YONG WANG, JIAN-HUAN YANG, TANJA LEHMANN, MINH DUC LE, THOMAS ZIEGLER, MICHAEL BONKOWSKI 2013. A new species of the Gekko japonicus group (Squamata: Sauria: Gekkonidae) from the border region between China and Vietnam. Zootaxa 3652 (5): 501–518 - get paper here
  • Shibaike, Y. et al. 2009. Chromosome Evolution in the Lizard Genus Gekko (Gekkonidae, Squamata, Reptilia) in the East Asian Islands. Cytogenet Genome Res 127: 182-190 - get paper here
  • Toda, Mamoru; Showichi Sengoku, Tsutomu Hikida, and Hidetoshi Ota 2008. Description of Two New Species of the Genus Gekko (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Tokara and Amami Island Groups in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Copeia 2008 (2): 452–466 - get paper here
  • Wood Jr, Perry L.; Xianguang Guo, Scott L. Travers, Yong-Chao Su, Karen V. Olson, Aaron M. Bauer, L. Lee Grismer, Cameron D. Siler, Robert G. Moyle, Michael J. Andersen, Rafe M. Brown 2019. Parachute geckos free fall into synonymy: Gekko phylogeny, and a new subgeneric classification, inferred from thousands of ultraconserved elements. bioRxiv 717520 [preprint] - get paper here
  • Wood, P. L., Guo, X., Travers, S. L., Su, Y. C., Olson, K. V., Bauer, A. M., Grismer, L. L., Siler, C. D., Moyle, R. G., Andersen, M. J. and Brown, R. M. 2020. Parachute geckos free fall into synonymy: Gekko phylogeny, and a new subgeneric classification, inferred from thousands of ultraconserved elements. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 146: 106731 [corrigendum: MPE 164: 107255] - get paper here
 
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