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Geophis immaculatus DOWNS, 1967

IUCN Red List - Geophis immaculatus - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Downs' Earth Snake
S: Minadora de Downs 
SynonymGeophis immaculatus DOWNS 1967: 90
Geophis immaculatus — LINER 1994
Geophis immaculatus — WILSON & TOWNSEND 2007: 11
Geophis immaculatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 302 
DistributionSE Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala

Type locality: Finca Lorena, ca. 1700 m elevation, Quetzaltenango, Guatemala.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: UMMZ 107297, adult female, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, collected by L.C. Stuart. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (n=2): Distinguished from other members of the genus by the combination of (1) dorsal scales in 17 rows, smooth throughout length; (2) no anterior temporal; (3) anterior tip of each dorsal brownish-black, central parts brown, lateral edges yellowish-white; (1) anterior edges of ventrals pale brownish, posterior edges yellowish-white; (5) total nasal length greater than that of loreal; and (6) lip exposure of fifth labial nearly twice that of fourth labial. (Downs 1967)


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CommentDistribution: see map in CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ et al. 2016: 133 (Fig. 1). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin immaculata, -us, immaculate, unstained, spotless. [?]. 
References
  • Canseco-Márquez L, Pavón-Vázquez CJ, López-Luna MA, Nieto-Montes de Oca A 2016. A new species of earth snake (Dipsadidae, Geophis) from Mexico. ZooKeys 610: 131-145. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.610.8605 - get paper here
  • Downs, F. L. 1967. lntrageneric relations among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 131: 1-193. - get paper here
  • Guerra Centeno, Dennis; Héctor Fuentes Rousselin & David Morán Villatoro 2012. Serpientes de Guatemala: Guía para didentificación de especies. Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, 186 pp.
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Townsend, J.H.; Wilson, L.D. 2006. A new species of snake of the Geophis dubius group (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) from the sierra de Omoa of northwestern Honduras. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 119 (1): 150–159. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • WILSON, L.D. & J.H. TOWNSEND 2007. A checklist and key to the snakes of the genus Geophis (Squamata: Colubridae: Dipsadinae), with commentary on distribution and conservation. Zootaxa 1395: 1-31 - get paper here
 
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