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Gerrhosaurus multilineatus BOCAGE, 1866

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Higher TaxaGerrhosauridae (Gerrhosaurinae), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Keeled Plated Lizard
auritus: Kalahari Plated Lizard 
SynonymGerrhosaurus multilineatus multilineatus BOCAGE 1866
Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus anselli BROADLEY 1960
Gerrhosaurus multilineatus multilineatus — BRANCH 1988
Gerrhosaurus multilineatus — BATES et al. 2013
Gerrhosaurus cf. multilineatus — BUTLER et al. 2019 
DistributionAngola, S Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Zambia, Namibia, Botswana

bulsi: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga)

Type locality: Duque de Bragança district [region], interior of Angola  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, originally in Museu Bocage in Lisbon (destroyed in the 1978 fire) 
Diagnosis 
CommentSubspecies: Gerrhosaurus multilineatus auritus BOETTGER, 1887 is now considered as a valid species by many authors.

Synonymy: “The taxon G. multilineatus Bocage is based on a hybrid specimen. The name is therefore unavailable.” (fide Haagner, Branch & Haagner 2000). Loveridge (1942) and FitzSimons (1943) subsequently relegated G. multilineatus to the synonymy of G. nigrolineatus. Laurent (1964: 54) noted that if the “type” of G. multilineatus was a young G. bulsi, the former name would have priority.

The only description BOCAGE (1866) provides is as follows: “Tres exemplares absolutamente identicos nas cores, do Duque de Braganca, remettidos pelo sr. Bayão. Assemelham-se bastante á especie precedente, mas parecem-me distinctos d’ella nas proporcões e cores.”

“Broadley (1960) described Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus anselli from Mwinilunga, Boma, currently regarded as a synonym of G. bulsi or G. multilineatus. Later, Broadley (1971) referred the Ikelenge population to G. multilineatus, regarding his subspecies as a synonym of the latter. Haagner et al. (2000) recognized the Ikelenge population as G. bulsi referring to Broadley (in lit.) who mentioned that G. multilineatus is based on a hybrid type specimen and the name is therefore not available. However, according to article 17.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999) such a name is still valid, even if the type is a hybrid specimen. Also following Adolphs (2006) bulsi is a valid species and multilineatus is doubtful. However, we recognized striking differences, especially in colouration, between bulsi and multilineatus and therefore we are regarding bulsi as a full species.” [P. Wagner, pers. comm. 27 Dec 2009] 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • BATES, MICHAEL F.; KRYSTAL A. TOLLEY, SHELLEY EDWARDS, ZOË DAVIDS, JESSICA M. DA SILVA, & WILLIAM R. BRANCH 2013. A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera. Zootaxa 3750 (5): 465–493 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Branch, William R. & Haacke, Wulf D. 1993. The herpetofauna of the Kamanjab area and adjacent Damaraland, Namibia. Madoqua (Windhoek) 18 (2): 117-145. - get paper here
  • Bocage,J.V. du B. 1866. Lista dos reptis das possessões portuguezas d'Africa occidental que existem no Museu Lisboa. Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. Lisboa 1: 37-56 - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • Broadley, D.G. 1960. Sauria, Cordylidae: Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus anselli n. subsp. Occ. Pap. Nat. Mus. South. Rhodesia 24 (B): 433-434
  • Broadley, D.G. 1991. The Herpetofauna of Northern Mwinilunga Distr., Northw. Zambia. Arnoldia Zimbabwe 9 (37): 519-538
  • Broadley, Donald G. & Rasmussen, G. S. A. 1995. Geographical Distribution. Sauria: Gerrhosauridae: Gerrhosaurus multilineatus auritus Boettger, 1887. African Herp News (23): 47. - get paper here
  • Broadley, Donald G. and F. P. D. Cotterill. 2004. The reptiles of southeast Katanga, an overlooked 'hot spot'. [Congo]. African Journal of Herpetology 53 (1): 35-61. - get paper here
  • Butler, B O; Ceríaco, L M P; Marques, M P; Bandeira, S; Júlio, T; Heinicke, M P & Bauer, A M; 2019. Herpetological survey of Huíla Province, Southwest Angola, including first records of Bicuar National Park. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 225-240 - get paper here
  • Haagner,G.V.; Branch,W.R. & Haagner,A.J.F. 2000. Notes on a collection of reptiles from Zambia and adjacent areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Annals of the Eastern Cape Museum 1: 1 – 25
  • Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here
  • Laurent, RAYMOND F. 1954. Reptiles et batraciens de la région de Dundo (Angola) (Deuxième note). Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang), Serviços Culturais, Publicações Culturais, No. 23: 37-84
  • Marques, Mariana P.; Luis M. P. Ceríaco , David C. Blackburn , and Aaron M. Bauer 2018. Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola -- Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840–2017). Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 4) 65: 1-501 (Supplement II)
  • Pietersen, Darren, Verburgt, Luke & Davies, John 2021. Snakes and other reptiles of Zambia and Malawi. Struik Nature / Penguin Random House South Africa, 376 pp., ISBN 9781775847373
  • SANTOS, B. S. .,MARQUES, M. P. ., BAUER, A. M. ., & CERÍACO, L. M. P. . 2021. Herpetological results of Francisco Newton’s Zoological Expedition to Angola (1903–1906): a taxonomic revision and new records of a forgotten collection. Zootaxa 5028 (1): 1–80 - get paper here
  • Schleicher, Alfred 2020. Reptiles of Namibia. Kuiseb Publishers, Windhoek, Namibia, 271 pp.
 
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