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Glaphyromorphus arnhemicus STORR, 1967

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymGlaphyromorphus darwiniensis arnhemicus STORR 1967
Opacitascincus arnhemicus — WELLS & WELLINGTON 1985: 36
Glaphyromorphus arnhemicus — REEDER 2003
Glaphyromorphus arnhemicus — COUPER et al. 2006: 381
Glaphyromorphus crassicaudus arnhemicus — WILSON & SWAN 2013: 278
Glaphyromorphus arnhemicus — CHAPPLE et al. 2021 
DistributionAustralia (Northern Territory: Arnhem Land)

Type locality: Yirrkala, Northern Territory, in 12°15' S, 136 52' E.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype. WAM R 13513, collected by Mrs E. V. Mildenhall in 1960 
DiagnosisDiagnosis, Small, elongate. weak-limbed, thick-tailed Sphenomorphus whose adpressed limbs fail to meet by 1-2 times length of foreleg. Distinguishable from S. australis by smaller size and ear aperture, lack of white spots on flanks, and fewer circumocular scales: and from all other races of S. crassicaudus by having more than 18 lamellae under fourth toe and frontoparietals never shorter than interparietal. Further distinguishable from S. crassicaudus in lacking sharp upper edge to darkening of flanks, from S. punctulatus (Peters) by immaculate venter and more numerous nuchals, and from S. c. darwiniensis in lacking broad dark
vertebral stripe (Storr 1967: 18). 
CommentListed as a synonym of Sphenomorphus crassicaudus by COGGER 1983. G. d. arnhemicus is geographically disjunct and diagnosably different from crassicaudis, so, if darwiniensis is going to be treated as a full species, distinct from crassicaudis, arnhemicus should be treated as full species (Glenn Shea, pers. comm., March 2019).

Limb morphology: 5 digits, 5 toes (Singhal et al. 2018, Cogger 2014)

Abundance: Rare. This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after the city Darwin, Australia. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Chapple, David G; Roll, Uri; Böhm, Monika; Aguilar, Rocío Amey, Andrew P Austin, Chris C Baling, Marleen Barley, Anthony J Bates, Michael F Bauer, Aaron M Blackburn, Daniel G Bowles, Phil Brown, Rafe M Chandramouli, S R Chirio, Laurent Cogger, Hal Co 2021. Conservation Status of the World’s Skinks (Scincidae): Taxonomic and Geographic Patterns in Extinction Risk. Biological Conservation 257: 109101 - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384
  • Greer A E 1985. A new species of Sphenomorphus from northeastern Queensland. Journal of Herpetology 19 (4): 469-473 - get paper here
  • Greer, A.E. 1990. Notes on reproduction in the skink Sphenomorphus darwiniensis. North. Terr. Nat. 12:27-28
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Reeder, T.W. 2003. A phylogeny of the Australian Sphenomorphus group (Scincidae: Squamata) and the phylogenetic placement of the crocodile skinks (Tribolonotus): Bayesian approaches to assessing congruence and obtaining confidence in maximum likelihood inferred relatio Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 27: 384–397 - get paper here
  • Singhal, Sonal; Huateng Huang, Maggie R. Grundler, María R. Marchán-Rivadeneira, Iris Holmes, Pascal O. Title, Stephen C. Donnellan, and Daniel L. Rabosky 2018. Does Population Structure Predict the Rate of Speciation? A Comparative Test across Australia’s Most Diverse Vertebrate Radiation. The American Naturalist - get paper here
  • Skinner, Adam; Mark N. Hutchinson, Michael S.Y. Lee 2013. Phylogeny and Divergence Times of Australian Sphenomorphus Group Skinks (Scincidae, Squamata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 69 (3): 906–918 - get paper here
  • Storr,G.M. 1967. The genus Sphenomorphus (Lacertilia, Scincidae) in Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Roy. Sco. West. Aust. 50 (1): 10-20
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2013. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 4th ed. New Holland Publishers, 592 pp.
 
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