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Glaucomastix littoralis (ROCHA, BAMBERG ARAÚJO, VRCIBRADIC & MAMEDE DA COSTA, 2000)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Lagarto-da-Cauda-Verde 
SynonymCnemidophorus littoralis ROCHA, BAMBERG ARAÚJO, VRCIBRADIC & MAMEDE DA COSTA 2000
Cnemidophorus ocellifer — ROCHA & BERGALLO 1997
Ameivula litoralis [sic] — HARVEY et al. 2012
Ameivula littoralis — FELDMAN et al. 2015
Glaucomastix littoralis — GOICOECHEA et al. 2016 
DistributionSE Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)

Type locality: restinga of Barra de Maricá (22°57’ S, 43°50’ W), municipality of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNRJ 6536 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): species of Glaucomastix are characterized by the absence of preanal spurs, presence of granules in the supraorbital semicircles, less than 40 femoral pores, first superciliary divided, absence of an opercular projection of skin in the anterodorsal margin of ear-opening, a light vertebral stripe, and a bright bluish-green tail (see Arias et al., 2011b). Glaucomastix can be distinguished from Ameivula in having a light vertebral stripe, a bright bluish-green tail and divided first superciliary (Arias et al., 2011; Harvey et al., 2012).


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CommentGroup: this species belongs to the ocellifer group, distinguished by the presence of granules in the supraorbital semicircles, a lower number of femoral pores (less than 40), and the absence of preanal spurs (Rocha et al., 2000, Colli et al., 2003).

Type species: Cnemidophorus littoralis ROCHA, BAMBERG ARAÚJO, VRCIBRADIC & MAMEDE DA COSTA 2000 is the type species of the genus Glaucomastix GOICOECHEA et al. 2016 (but Glaucomastic FITZINGER 1843, fide TUCKER et al. 2016; however this name doesn’t seem to be mentioned by Fitzinger 1843). 
EtymologyNamed after the habitat of the species, coastal sand dunes (lat. littoralis). Not mentioned in REEDER et al. (2002) as littoralis but these authors discuss the position of ocellifer to some extent.

The genus name Glaucomastix is a composite name derived from the Greek adjectives “glaukos”, meaning blue-green, and “mastix”, meaning whip. The name alludes to the bluish-green tail that characterizes this group of lizards. 
References
  • ARIAS, FEDERICO; CELSO MORATO DE CARVALHO, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES & HUSSAM ZAHER 2011. Two new species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) of the C. ocellifer group, from Bahia, Brazil. Zootaxa 3022: 1–21
  • Colli, G.R. et al. 2003. A critically endangered new species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata, Teiidae) from a Cerrado enclave in southwestern Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetologica 59 (1): 76-88 - get paper here
  • Colli, Guarino R.; Lilian G. Giugliano, Daniel O. Mesquita, and Frederico G. R. França 2009. A NEW SPECIES OF CNEMIDOPHORUS FROM THE JALAPÃO REGION, IN THE CENTRAL BRAZILIAN CERRADO. Herpetologica 65 (3): 311-327 - get paper here
  • Cosendey, B. N., Rocha, C. F. D., & Menezes, V. A. 2020. Six years later… New population monitoring data for an endemic and endangered coastal lizard species in Brazil. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 24(4), 1-10 - get paper here
  • Ezaz, T. et al. 2009. Sex Chromosome Evolution in Lizards: Independent Origins and Rapid Transitions. Cytogenet Genome Res 127: 249-260 - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Goicoechea, N., Frost, D. R., De la Riva, I., Pellegrino, K. C. M., Sites, J., Rodrigues, M. T. and Padial, J. M. 2016. Molecular systematics of teioid lizards (Teioidea/Gymnophthalmoidea: Squamata) based on the analysis of 48 loci under tree-alignment and similarity-alignment. Cladistics, doi: 10.1111/cla.12150 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Oliveira, Jane C.F.; Rodrigo Castellari Gonzalez; Paulo Passos; Davor Vrcibradic & Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha 2020. Non-Avian Reptiles of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: status of knowledge and commented list. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 60: e20206024 - get paper here
  • Peccinini-Seale, D.; Rocha, C.F.; Almeida, T.M.; Araujo, A.F., De Sena, M.A. 2004. Cytogenetics of the Brazilian whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus littoralis (Teiidae) from a restinga area (Barra de Marica) in Southeastern Brazil. Braz J Biol 64 (3B): 661-667. - get paper here
  • REEDER, T.W.; CHARLES J. COLE AND HERBERT C. DESSAUER 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships of Whiptail Lizards of the Genus Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae): A Test of Monophyly, Reevaluation of Karyotypic Evolution, and Review of Hybrid Origins. American Museum Novitates 3365: 1-64 - get paper here
  • Reis Dias, Eduardo, José dos, Carlos Frederico D. Rocha and Davor Vrcibradic 2002. New Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) from Bahia State, northeastern Brazil. Copeia 2002 (4) :928-937 - get paper here
  • ROCHA, CARLOS FREDERICO D.; HELENA G.BERGALLO, JOSÉ P. POMBAL JR., LENA GEISE, MONIQUE VAN SLUYS, RONALDO FERNANDES, ULISSES CARAMASCHI 2004. FAUNA DE ANFÍBIOS, RÉPTEIS E MAMÍFEROS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, SUDESTE DO BRASIL. Publ. Avul. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro (104): 3-23 - get paper here
  • Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte & Bergallo, H.D. 1997. Intercommunity variation in the distribution of abundance of dominant lizard species in restinga habitats. Ciénc. Cult. 47: 88-91
  • Rocha,C.F.D. et al. 2000. New Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) from coastal Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil. Copeia 2000 (2): 501-509 - get paper here
  • ROSÁRIO, IGOR RIOS DO; RODRIGO MARQUES LIMA DOS SANTOS, FEDERICO ARIAS, CARLOS FREDERICO DUARTE ROCHA, EDUARDO JOSÉ DOS REIS DIAS, CELSO MORATO DE CARVALHO, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES 2019. Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 4624 (4): 451–477 - get paper here
 
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