Gloydius cognatus (GLOYD, 1977)

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Higher Taxa	Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Alashan pitviper G: Alashan-Otter Chinese: 阿拉善蝮
Synonym	Agkistrodon halys cognatus GLOYD 1977 Agkistrodon halys cognatus — WELCH 1994: 11 Gloydius halys cognatus — GUMPRECHT et al. 2004 Gloydius halys cognatus — WAGNER et al. 2015 Gloydius cognatus — SHI et al. 2016 Gloydius cognatus — SHI et al. 2018 Gloydius cognatus — ASADI et al. 2019
Distribution	NC China (Gansu) Type locality: Choni, on the Tao River, Gansu Province, China.
Reproduction	Viviparous.
Types	Holotype: USNM 68586. Paratypes. USMN 68504, 68506, 68541
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: A small viper of the genus, up to 590 mm total length. Supralabial scales 7-8. Dorsal scales in 23 (rarely 21) rows around mid-body; ventral scales between 153-165; subcaudal scales paired, between 36-54. Body with 29- 43 dark transverse bands, each 4-5 scales wide and extending down to scale row 4 to 2 [WAGNER et al. 2015]. Additional details (173 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Venomous! Synonymy: Zhao 2006 listed Gloydius halys cognatus, liupanensis, qinlingensis, and stejnegeri as synonyms of either G. strauchi or G. intermedius. Synonymy: Listed as a synonym of Gloydius halys by Wallach et al. 2014: 310. Activity Pattern. Diurnal and night. Distribution: for a map of localities see Shi et al. 2021: 102 (Fig. 6)
References	Asadi, Atefeh; Claudine Montgelard, Masoud Nazarizadeh, Akram Moghaddasi,<br>Faezeh Fatemizadeh, Evgeniy Simonov, Haji Gholi Kami & Mohammad Kaboli 2019. Evolutionary history and postglacial colonization of an Asian pit viper (Gloydius halys caucasicus) into transcaucasia revealed by phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses. Scientific Reports 9:1224 - get paper here Gloyd, H.K. 1977. Descriptions of new taxa of crotalid snakes from China and Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 90: 1002-1015 - get paper here Gumprecht, A.; Tillack, F.; Orlov, N.L.; Captain, A. & Ryabow, S. 2004. Asian pitvipers. Geitje Books, Berlin, 368 pp. Shi J-S, Liu J-C, Giri R, Owens JB, Santra V, Kuttalam S, Selvan M, Guo K-J, Malhotra A 2021. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Gloydius (Squamata, Viperidae, Crotalinae), with description of two new alpine species from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. ZooKeys 1061: 87-108 - get paper here Shi, J., Yang, D., Zhang, W. & Ding, L. 2016. Distribution and infraspecies taxonomy of Gloydius halys-Gloydius intermedius complex in China (Serpentes: Crotalinae). Chinese J. Zool. 51: 777–798 Shi, Jingsong; Diancheng Yang, Wuyuan Zhang, Lifang Peng, Nikolai L. Orlov, Fan Jiang, Li Ding, Mian Hou, Xinlei Huang, Song Huang, Pipeng Li 2018. A New Species of the Gloydius strauchi Complex (Crotalinae: Viperidae: Serpentes) from Qinghai, Sichuan, and Gansu, China. Russ. J. Herpetol. 25 (2): 126-138 - get paper here Wagner, Philipp; Tiutenko, Arthur; Mazepa, Glib; Borkin, Leo J.; Simonov, Evgeniy 2015. Alai! Alai! – a new species of the Gloydius halys (Pallas, 1776) complex (Viperidae, Crotalinae), including a brief review of the complex. Amphibia-Reptilia, 37(1): 15-31. DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00003026 - get paper here Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here Welch, K. R. G. 1994. Snakes of the World. A Checklist. I. Venomous snakes. KCM Books, Somerset, England.
External links	National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.aircav.com/survival/appe/asappe10.html https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/235867188637887/ Google images

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