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Gloydius intermedius (STRAUCH, 1868)

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Central Asian pitviper
Russian: Средний щитомордник
Chinese: 中介蝮 
SynonymTrigonocephalus intermedius STRAUCH 1868: 295
Agkistrodon halys intermedius STRAUCH 1876
Halys intermedia — PETERS 1877: 735
Ancistrodon intermedius — BOULENGER 1890: 140
Ancistrodon intermedius — BOULENGER 1896: 525
Agkistrodon blomhoffi intermedius — STEJNEGER 1907: 464
Ancistrodon blomhoffi intermedius — DESPAX 1913: 181
Ancistrodon halys intermedius — EMELIANOV 1929: 130
Ancistrodon halys intermedius — RENDAHL 1933: 15
Ancistrodon saxatilis EMELIANOV 1937
Agkistrodon saxatilis GLOYD 1972
Agkistrodon halys cognatus GLOYD 1977
Agkistrodon halys intermedius — HARDING & WELCH 1980
Agkistrodon shedaoensis continentalis ZHAO 1980: 12
Agkistrodon saxatilis — SCHNEEWEISS 1989
Agkistrodon intermedius saxatilis — WELCH 1994: 13
Agkistrodon intermedius intermedius — WELCH 1994: 11
Gloydius saxatilis changdaoensis LI 1999
Agkistrodon intermedius — ORLOV & BARABANOV 1999
Gloydius saxatilis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 307
Gloydius intermedius — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 306
Gloydius intermedius — GUMPRECHT et al. 2004
Gloydius saxatilis — JIANG & ZHAO 2009
Gloydius intermedius — WALLACH et al. 2014: 311
Gloydius saxatilis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 311
Gloydius intermedius — DAVID & VOGEL 2015
Gloydius intermedius — WAGNER et al. 2015 
DistributionN China (incl. Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang),
E Russia, North Korea, South Korea

Type locality: Irkutsk, Eastern Siberia; Terra typica restricta (hoc loco). Malyi Hinggan Mountain Range (Xiao Hinggan Ling), Cape Tyr on the Amur River and Cape Kofel on the Ussuri River, Russian Far East Region.

saxatilis: NE China south to Shandong,
Russia (east of Selemdzha River in E Siberia, Primorskye Kray and Khabarovsk Kray, Far East), Korea; Type locality: Vladivostok River, Russia

changdaoensis: China (Daheishan Is., Changdao County; Zifu Peninsula and Jia Is., Yantai City, Shandong Province); Type locality: Daheishan Island, Changdao County, Shandong Province, China.  
Reproductionviviparous 
TypesLectotype. ZISP 2221. Prom. Tyr (Amur). Leg.: Schrenck, 1855
Syntypes: ZIAS 9456, 13291–92 (Vladivostok) and ZIAS 13308 (Suchan); of the many specimens listed in the original description (Emelianov, 1937:27 and Tables 1-3), only two are consistent with the type locality as given in his English summary: Table II, No. 17, D(al'nii). V(ostok). (= Far East U(niversitet)., r. Suchan, 8 VIII 1927, (coIl.) Gasovskii, and Table III, No.7, Zoological Cabinet. GDU, vic. Vladivostok, 30 IX 1927, (coIl.) A. A. Emelianov. Gloyd and Conant (1990:358) seemingly were unsure of which specimens were part of type series.
Holotype: DLNM (?), Natural History Museum of Snake Island, Dalian [changdaoensis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. Total length up to 800 mm and more. Dorsal scales in 23 (rarely 21) rows at midbody. Supralabials 7 – 8; ventrals 148 – 175; subcaudals 34–52.

Diagnosis. A large viper of the genus, up to at least 800 mm total length. Supralabial scales 7-8. Dorsal scales in 23, very rarely 21, rows around midbody; ventral scales between 148- 175; subcaudal scales paired, between 34-52. Body with 28-45 dark transverse bands, each 3- 6 scales wide and extending down to scale row 2 or 1 [WAGNER et al. 2015]. 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy partly after KHALIKOV & ANANJEVA (pers. comm.). G. saxatilis is not recognized by GUMPRECHT et al. 2004. ORLOV & BARABANOV 1999 synonymized G. saxatilis with G. intermedius. See Jiang & Zhao 2009 for comparisons of G. saxatilis, shedaoensis, and their new species lijianlii.

Distribution: see map in ORLOV & BARABANOV 1999.

NCBI taxonID: 92067 [saxatilis] 
References
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  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. A list of the reptiles and batrachians of Amoorland [Russia]. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5: 137-144 - get paper here
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  • Jiang & Zhao 2009. Gloydius lijianlii, a new species from the northern coastal islands along Shandong peninsula (Reptilia, Squamata, Viperidae). [in Chinese]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 34(3): 642-646
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  • Rendahl, Hialmar 1933. Die Unterarten des Ancistrodon halys Pall. nebst elnigen Bemerkungen zur Herpetologie Zentralasiens. Arkiv för Zoologi 25 (8): 1-31
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