Hebius parallelus (BOULENGER, 1890)
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Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
Subspecies | |
Common Names | E: Yunnan Keelback G: Boulengers Gebirgswassernatter |
Synonym | Tropidonotus parallelus BOULENGER 1890: 345 Tropidonotus parallelus — BOULENGER 1893: 223 Tropidonotus parallelus — WALL 1908: 316 Natrix parallela — MELL 1931 [1929] Natrix parallela — SMITH 1943: 288 Amphiesma parallela MALNATE 1960 Natrix parallela — SWAN & LEVITON 1962: 114 Amphiesma parallelum — KRAMER 1977: 728 Paranatrix parallela — MAHENDRA 1984 Tropidonatrix parallela (fide MAHENDRA 1984) Amphiesma parallela — DAS 1996: 53 Amphiesma parallelum — DAVID, VOGEL & PAUWELS 1998 Amphiesma parallela — SHARMA 2004 Hebius parallelum — GUO et al. 2014 Amphiesma parallelum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 32 Hebius parallelus — DAVID et al. 2021 |
Distribution | India (Sikkim, Nagaland), Nepal (uncertain fide DAVID et al. 2005), Bhutan Type locality: “Sikkim” |
Reproduction | oviparous |
Types | Lectotype: BMNH 1946.1.13.53, adult male |
Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A species of the genus Amphiesma characterized by (1) a dark dorsal background in life, dark reddish-brown or probably dark chestnut-brown in life, turning to cream, grey, pinkish-grey, tan, more or less dark greyish-brown or dark yellowish-grey in preservative, (2) on each side, a conspicuous brown or reddish-brown (cream, pale greyish-brown or pale yellowish-brown in preservative) dorsolateral stripe, narrowly edged on its both sides with dark brown or black, extending on the 5th–7th dorsal scale rows from the occipital region along the whole of the body, (3) many dorsal scales longitudinally edged with dark brown, especially on the lower part of the sides, producing a faint reticulation or irregular streaks, (4) upper edge of scales of the 1st dorsal scale row and lower edge of those of 2nd row blackish-brown, producing a very irregular ventrolateral stripe, (5) a rather narrow, irregular, blackish-brown postocular streak extending from behind the eye to the corner of the mouth, usually separated by a wide gap from the dark line edging the lower side of the dorsolateral stripe, (6) no chevron on the upper part of the neck, (7) supralabials mostly uniform, not (or barely) spotted, (8) venter uniformly cream, beige or yellowish-brown, with the outer edge of ventral tips blackish-brown, (9) 21–22 maxillary teeth, the last two moderately enlarged and separated from anterior teeth by a distinct diastema, (10) 19–19–17 dorsal scale rows, (11) dorsal scales moderately to strongly keeled on 2nd–9th dorsal and vertebral scale rows, smooth or at best feebly keeled 1st dorsal row, (12) tail moderate, proportion tail length / total length 0.221–0.252 (0.239–0.252 in males, 0.221–0.249 in females), (13) 160–173 ventrals, (14) 63–77 subcaudals, (15) anal plate divided, (16) usually 2 preoculars, and (17) 1 or 2 anterior temporals [David et al. 2015). |
Comment | Synonymy: Natrix clerki WALL 1925: 809 has been removed from the synonymy of A. (Hebius) parallelum by David et al. 2015. Since H. clerki has quite a large range, many reports of H. parallelum may actually represent H. clerki. Distribution: possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012). Not known from Vietnam according to DAVID et al. (2005). |
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