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Hemidactylus dawudazraqi MORAVEC, KRATOCHVÍL, AMR, JANDZIK, ŠMÍD & GVOŽDÍK, 2011

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHemidactylus dawudazraqi MORAVEC, KRATOCHVÍL, AMR, JANDZIK, ŠMÍD & GVOŽDÍK 2011
Hemidactylus turcica — FLOWER 1933
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — WERNER 1971
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — DISI 1996, 2002
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — MORAVEC & BÖHME 1997
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — DISI & AMR 1998
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — DISI et al. 1999, 2001, 2004
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2006
Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus — AMR et al. 2007
Hemidactylus turcicus lavadeserticus — CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2006
Hemidactylus cf. dawudazraqi — SINDACO et al. 2014 
DistributionJordan, Syria

Type locality: Azraq, 31°49.770’N, 36°48.433’E, ca. 515 m elevation, Jordan.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: NMP P6V 74134/1, adult male, collected on 1–2 July 2006 by L. Kratochvíl, GenBank Acc. No. HQ833753 (Cytb). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the Arid species group of Hemidactylus as revealed from mtDNA analyses, which can be distinguished by the following molecular and morphological characters: (1) diagnostic nucleotide substitutions in Cytb, from all other Levantine taxa in positions 28 A (adenine) → G (guanine), 29 T (thymine) → C (cytosine), 175 A → G, 176 C → A, 246 T → C, 426 C → A, 531 C → T, 564 T → C, 663 A → C, 792 C → A, 985 G → T (GenBank Acc. Nos. HQ833749–HQ833758); (2) small size, SVL 40.1–47.8 mm in males, 41.4–49.9 mm in females; (3) robust head, head depth 44.9–56.4 % of head length, head width 74.3–90.7 % of head length; (4) long tail, tail length 119.8–140.9 % of SVL; (5) nasals separated by a small scale in 92 % of individuals; (6) large ante- rior postmentals in contact with 1st and less frequently also with the 2nd lower labials, both postmentals in contact with the 2nd lower labials in 8 %; (7) 8–11 upper labials; (8) 6-8 lower labials; (9) 12–15 rows of large, round, conical, slightly keeled, dorsal tubercles; (10) 6–7 lamellae under the 1st toe and 9–12 lamellae under the 4th toe; (11) 5–8 tail segments bearing 6 tubercles; (12) 6–8 preanal pores in males; (13) in life, dorsum pinkish or yellowish white to yellowish orange with a pattern of irregular light brown to orange brown crossbars, head with dark lon- gitudinal streak in loreal and postocular area, tail with a conspicuous pattern of 9–11 dark brown to black transverse bands on yellowish white to white background. 
CommentSynonymy: after MORAVEC et al. 2011.

Distribution: see map in Pola et al. 2023: 4 (Fig. 1). 
EtymologyThe specific name is a patronym for our colleague and friend David Modrý in recognition of his important contributions to the knowledge of the Jordanian herpetofauna. The name is used in its Arabic form as a compound of Arabic Dawud (David) and Azraq (the name of the type locality meaning “Blue” in English and “Modrý” in Czech). 
References
  • MORAVEC, JIŘÍ; LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, ZUAIR S. AMR, DAVID JANDZIK, JIŘÍ ŠMÍD, & VÁCLAV GVOŽDÍK 2011. High genetic differentiation within the Hemidactylus turcicus complex (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) in the Levant, with comments on the phylogeny and systematics of the genus. Zootaxa 2894: 21–38
  • Pola, L., Hejduk, V., Winkelhöfer, T., Zíka, A., Baker, M. A. A., & Amr, Z. S. 2020. Recent Observations on Amphibians and Reptiles in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Jordan Journal of Natural History, 7: 11-29 - get paper here
  • Pola, Lukáš; Doubravka Velenská, Kseniia Marianna Prondzynska, Vojtěch Hejduk, Aleš Zíka, Tomáš Winkelhöfer, Mohammad A. Abu Baker, Zuhair S. Amr & Jiří Šmíd 2023. More geckos, fewer gaps: diversity and distribution of Hemidactylus geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in Jordan. Systematics and Biodiversity, 21:1, 2237033, - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Riccardo Nincheri, Benedetto Lanza 2014. Catalogue of Arabian reptiles in the collections of the “La Specola” Museum, Florence. Scripta Herpetologica. Studies on Amphibians and Reptiles in honour of Benedetto Lanza: pp. 137-164 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Salvador Carranza, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Václav Gvoždík, Abdul Karim Nasher, Jiří Moravec 2013. Out of Arabia: A Complex Biogeographic History of Multiple Vicariance and Dispersal Events in the Gecko Genus Hemidactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). PLoS One 8(5): e64018 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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