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Hemidactylus inintellectus Sindaco, Ziliani, Razzetti, Pupin, Grieco, 2009

IUCN Red List - Hemidactylus inintellectus - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Socotran rock gecko 
SynonymHemidactylus inintellectus SINDACO, ZILIANI, RAZZETTI, PUPIN & GRIECO 2009
Hemidactylus granti – SCHÄTTI and DESVOIGNES 1999: 108-109
Hemidactylus aff. turcicus – RÖSLER & WRANIK 2000: 24
[Hemidactylus] turcicus-like – RÖSLER & WRANIK in WRANIK 2003: 133
Hemidactylus sp. – RÖSLER & WRANIK in WRANIK 2003: pl. 74
Hemidactylus sp. B – RÖSLER & WRANIK 2004: 518
Hemidactylus sp. B – RÖSLER & WRANIK 2006: 127
Hemidactylus granti – SINDACO et al. 2008
Hemidactylus inintellectus — VASCONCELOS et al. 2016 
DistributionSocotra Island (Yemen)

Type locality: Yemen, Socotra Island, Wadi Ayhaft
(12°36’47”N– 53°57’52”E), about 200 m elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous (manual and phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MCCI R1470, adult male., U. Ziliani, E. Razzetti, R. Sindaco, C. Caru-
gati, C. Grieco leg., 3.I.2008. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A rather robust Hemidactylus (maximum SVL: male = 59.5 mm, female = 60.5 mm), easily distinguishable from the others Socotran Hemidactylus by the following combination of characters: back covered by large, trihedral, strongly keeled tubercles intermixed with a few small, irregular shaped granules (Fig. 1d), forming 12-16 (mode 14) irregular transversal rows from axilla to groin (counted along a paravertebral line); nostril in contact with the rostral, the 1st supralabial and 3 postnasals; 6 lamellae under the 1st toe (Fig. 1c) and 9-11 (media 10.2 ± 0,54, mode = 10) under the 4th toe (Fig. 1e). Chin shield subtriangular; first pair of enlarged post-mentals in broad contact each other and with the first and second lower labial; second pair in contact with the second lower labial and usually with small paralabials (Fig. 1b). Males with 3/3 to 5/5 preanal pores in two short rows, separated medially by 2-3 scales (Fig. 1f); females without pores. Pattern with more or less irregular, narrow transversal bands on back and unregenerated tail, sometimes indistinct. Ventral part of the tail with transversely enlarged scales intermixed with smaller ones (from SINDACO et al. 2009). 
Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet inintellectus is a latin adjective meaning “misunderstood”, because the species was observed and/or collected by different authors (including us during the first surveys), but was confused with other taxa or was suspected to be a new taxon, but remained undescribed for about ten years. 
References
  • Braz, Henrique B.; Rodrigo R. Scartozzoni, Selma M. Almeida-Santos 2016. Reproductive modes of the South American water snakes: A study system for the evolution of viviparity in squamate reptiles. Zoologischer Anzeiger 263: 33-44; doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2016.04.003 - get paper here
  • Garcia-Porta, Joan; Hernán E. Morales, Elena Gómez-Díaz, Roberto Sindaco, Salvador Carranza 2016. Patterns of diversification in islands: A comparative study across three gecko genera in the Socotra Archipelago. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.007 - get paper here
  • Razzetti, Edoardo; ROBERTO SINDACO, CRISTINA GRIECO, FRANCESCA PELLA, UGO ZILIANI, FABIO PUPIN, ELISA RISERVATO, DANIELE PELLITTERI-ROSA, LUCA BUTIKOFER, AHMED SAEED SULEIMAN, BADAR AWADH AL-ASEILY, CATERINA CARUGATI, ELEONORA BONCOMPAGNI & MAURO FAS 2011. Annotated checklist and distribution of the Socotran Archipelago Herpetofauna (Reptilia). Zootaxa 2826: 1–44 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. & Wranik, W. 2004. A key and annotated checklist to the reptiles of the Socotra archipelago. Fauna of Arabia 20: 505-534
  • Rösler,H. & Wranik,W. 2000. Die Geckofauna des Sokotra-Archipels (Sauria: Gekkonidae). Gekkota 2: 20-27
  • Rösler, Herbert 2015. Bemerkungen über einige Geckos der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. Gekkota, Suppl. (2): 3-54
  • Schätti, B., Desvoignes, A. 1999. The herpetofauna of southern Yemen and the Sokotra Archipelago. Muséum d'histoire naturelle Genéve, Genéve.
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Ugo Ziliani; Edoardo Razzetti; Caterina Carugati; Cristina Grieco; Fabio Pupin; Badr Awadh Al-Aseily; Francesca Pella; Mauro Fasola 2009. A misunderstood new gecko of the genus Hemidactylus from Socotra Island, Yemen (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) . Acta Herpetologica 4 (1): 83-98 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Salvador Carranza, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Václav Gvoždík, Abdul Karim Nasher, Jiří Moravec 2013. Out of Arabia: A Complex Biogeographic History of Multiple Vicariance and Dispersal Events in the Gecko Genus Hemidactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). PLoS One 8(5): e64018 - get paper here
  • Vasconcelos R, Montero-Mendieta S, Simó-Riudalbas M, Sindaco R, Santos X, Fasola M, et al. 2016. Unexpectedly High Levels of Cryptic Diversit y Uncovered by a Complete DNA Barcoding of Reptiles of the Socotra Archipelago. PLoS One 11(3): e0149985.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149985 - get paper here
  • Wranik, Wolfgang 2003. Fauna of the Socotra Archipelago: Field Guide. University of Rostock, 542 pp. [review in Der Salamander 2 (4): 255]
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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