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Hemidactylus paucituberculatus CARRANZA & ARNOLD, 2012

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHemidactylus paucituberculatus CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2012: 50
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — ARNOLD 1977: 103 (part.)
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — ARNOLD 1986: 279 (part.)
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — ARNOLD 1986: 419 (part.)
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — SCHÄTTI & DESVOIGNES 1999: 50 (part.)
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — VAN DER KOOIJ 2000: 111 (part.)
Hemidactylus homoeolepis — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008: 115 (part.)
Hemidactylus paucituberculatus — GARDNER 2013 
DistributionSouth Oman (Central Dhofar [Salalah plain], from Salalah to Hasik)

Type locality: Khor Sawli, Salalah plain, Dhofar (South Oman), 17.04’N 54.32’E.  
Reproductionoviparous (manual and phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1977.935, male, collected in October 1977 by E.N. Arnold (MorphoBank M100347–M100363). Paratypes: BMNH 
DiagnosisDiagnosis A small, moderately depressed Hemidactylus with a maximum recorded SVL of 38.4 mm. Usually with flat enlarged tubercles on sides of dorsum as far forwards as mid-body that are also present on sides of dorsal tail base and on the hind legs where they are raised, and may also occur on the lower forelimb; lamellae under the 1st finger of pes mean 4.9 (4–5); lamellae under the 4th toe mean 8.3 (7–9); preanal pores 6 in all males analyzed (Appendix I); expanded subcaudal scales usually extend almost to tail base. Dorsum with a pattern of irregular dark spots and streaks; tail with around 8–9 dark bands that increase in intensity distally and contrast strongly with smaller pale interstices.
Hemidactylus paucituberculatus differs from neighboring populations of H. homoeolepis from South Oman in its rather larger adult size (SVL mean 32.2 mm, max. 38.4, compared with mean 30.1 mm, max. 33.4 mm), presence of enlarged tubercles and expanded subcaudal scales usually extending almost to tail base (expanded subcaudal scales beginning some way from tail base in H. homoeolepis). Not distinguished in its maximum adult body size from populations of H. homoeolepis from the Socotra Archipelago (SVL max. 39.7 mm) or from the single specimen from Shaqra (SVL 36.4 mm). For differences from the other two new species described herein formerly part of H. homoeolepis (clades F–G in Fig. 5 and Appendix III) see below. 
Comment 
EtymologyThe species epithet “paucituberculatus” is an adjective derived from Latin that refers to the presence of few tubercles on sides of dorsum as far forward as mid-body that are also present on sides of dorsal tail base and on the hind legs. 
References
  • Carranza S, Xipell M, Tarroso P, Gardner A, Arnold EN, Robinson MD, et al. 2018. Diversity, distribution and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles of Oman (Sauropsida, Squamata). PLoS One 13 (2): e0190389 - get paper here
  • Carranza, S., Arnold, E. Nicholas 2012. A review of the geckos of the genus Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Oman based on morphology, mitochondrial and nuclear data, with descriptions of eight new species. Zootaxa 3378: 1–95 - get paper here
  • Carranza, Salvador; Johannes Els; Bernat Burriel-Carranza 2021. A field guide to the reptiles of Oman. Madrid : Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 223 pp. [review in HR 53 (3): 531] - get paper here
  • Gardner, A.S. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Oman and the UAE. Edition Chimaira, 480 pp.
  • Rösler, Herbert 2015. Bemerkungen über einige Geckos der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. Gekkota, Suppl. (2): 3-54
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Salvador Carranza, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Václav Gvoždík, Abdul Karim Nasher, Jiří Moravec 2013. Out of Arabia: A Complex Biogeographic History of Multiple Vicariance and Dispersal Events in the Gecko Genus Hemidactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). PLoS One 8(5): e64018 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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