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Hemidactylus triedrus (DAUDIN, 1802)

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Dakota's Leaf-toed Gecko, Blotched house gecko, Termite Hill Gecko 
SynonymGecko triedrus DAUDIN 1802: 155
Hemidactylus triedrans — SWAINSON 1839 (in error)
Hemidactylus subtriedrus JERDON 1854 (fide MAHONY 2011)
Hemidactylus triedrus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 356
Hemidactylus triedrus — BOULENGER 1885: 133
Hemidactylus subtriedrus — BOULENGER 1885: 134
Hemidactylus triedrus — ANNANDALE 1905
Hemidactylus subtriedrus — SMITH 1935: 89
Hemidactylus triedrus — SMITH 1935: 88
Hemidactylus triedrus — WERMUTH 1965: 86
Hemidactylus subtriedrus — WERMUTH 1965: 85
Hemidactylus subtriedrus — KLUGE 1993
Hemidactylus triedrus — KLUGE 1993
Hemidactylus triedrus — RÖSLER 1995: 124
Hemidactylus subtriedrus — RÖSLER 2000: 88
Hemidactylus triedruso — BAUER et al. 2010 (in error) 
DistributionSri Lanka, India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala)

Type locality: unknown (fide WERMUTH 1965); Restricted to “Nellore, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh” by Mirza et al. 2018.

subtriedrus: India (Madras, Andhra Pradesh); Type locality: Nellore District, India.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2297
Holotype: ZSI (lost) [subtriedrus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A medium sized fairly stout gecko, adults ranging 58–76 mm in SVL. Dorsum in a shade of light brown with paired, thin black edged white bands at regular intervals. Dorsal scalation on trunk, granular, intermixed with enlarged, keeled 19–20 trihedral tubercle rows arranged in fairly regular longitudinal series. Seven lamellae under digit I of pes and manus, eight to nine under digit four of manus and pes. An angular series of seven to nine precloacal femoral pores separated at mid-pelvic by a diastema of one to three non-pored scales [Mirza et al. 2018: 12]. 
CommentSubspecies: Hemidactylus triedrus lankae DERANIYAGALA 1953 has been elevated to species level.

Synonymy: Hemidactylus subtriedrus has been synonymized with H. triedrus by Mirza et al. 2018, after serveral previous authors had suspected that they are synonymous.

Original description in Amarasinghe et al. 2009.

Distribution: see Figure 6 in Mirza et al. 2018: 15. Populations from other states (such as Gujarat) have been assigned to H. whitakeri and H. sahgali. Khan 2003 also reported this species from Pakistan. 
References
  • Allen, Richard 1996. Termite gecko (Daudin 1802) Hemidactylus triedrus triedrus. Reptilian 4 (5): 6
  • Amarasinghe, A. A. T., A. M. Bauer, I. Ineich, J. Rudge, M. M. Bahir & D. E. Gabadage 2009. The original descriptions and figures of Sri Lankan gekkonid lizards (Squamata: Gekkonidae) of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Taprobanica 1 (2): 83-106 - get paper here
  • Annandale, Nelson 1905. Contributions to Oriental Herpetology. Suppl. II. Notes on the Oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon. J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal (2) 1: 81-93 - get paper here
  • Ardesana, R., R. Jhala & M. Bharad 2018. A preliminary report on reptiles of Khirasara Vidi, Rajkot District, Gujarat, India. Reptile Rap#180. In: Zoo’s Print 33(2): 17:22 - get paper here
  • Ashish, Jangid; Yadav Divaker, Meena Dinesh, Sharma Vivek 2017. EPIDERMOPHAGY BY TERMITE Hill GECKO HEMIDACTYLUS TRIEDRUS (DAUDIN, 1802). Cobra 11 (1): 34
  • Bansal, Rohini; K. Praveen Karanth 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Hemidactylus geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae) of the Indian subcontinent reveals a unique Indian radiation and an Indian origin of Asian house geckos. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57 (1): 459-465 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Todd R. Jackman, Eli Greenbaum, Varad B. Giri, Anslem de Silva 2010. South Asia supports a major endemic radiation of Hemidactylus geckos. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57 (1): 343-352 - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
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  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
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  • Deraniyagala, P.E.P. 1953. A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Govt. Press, Colombo, 101 pp.
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  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Giri, Varad B.; Bauer, Aaron M. 2008. A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India. Zootaxa 1700: 21-34 - get paper here
  • Jayakumar, A.M. & P.O. Nameer 2018. Species composition and abundance estimates of reptiles in selected agroecosystems in southern Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(10): 12328–12336; - get paper here
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  • Khan, M.S. 2013. An Addition to Geckos of the Genus Hemidactylus Oken 1817 in Pakistan, with Notes on Morphology, Ecology and Distribution of Species. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 48(10):130-134 - get paper here
  • Kumar, Sharma Krishan; Sharma Vivek and Sharma Neha. 2011. New locality records and distribution extension of<br>Hemidactylus triedrus Daudin, 1802 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) at the North-East parts of Aravalli ranges, Rajasthan, India. Herpetology Notes 4: 23-24. - get paper here
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  • Maqsood Javed, S.M.; S. Saravanan, Farida Tampal & C. Srinivasulu 2009. Occurrence and comparison of Jerdon’s Gecko Hemidactylus subtriedrus Jerdon 1853 with Termite Hill Gecko Hemidactylus triedrus (Daudin 1802) from Ananthagiri Hills, northern Eastern Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 1 (7): 366-369 - get paper here
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